Spring Weather in Vatican Vatican CityDaily high temperatures increase by 20°F, from 58°F to 78°F, rarely falling below 51°F or exceeding 86°F. Daily low temperatures increase by 17°F, from 39°F to 55°F, rarely falling below 30°F or exceeding 61°F. For reference, on August 5, the hottest day of the year, temperatures in Vatican typically range from 65°F to 89°F, while on January 13, the coldest day of the year, they range from 35°F to 54°F. The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the hourly average spring temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day. CloudsThe spring in Vatican experiences decreasing cloud cover, with the percentage of time that the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy decreasing from 44% to 34%. The clearest day of the spring is May 31, with clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy conditions 66% of the time. For reference, on November 28, the cloudiest day of the year, the chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 49%, while on July 20, the clearest day of the year, the chance of clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy skies is 88%. PrecipitationA wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. In Vatican, the chance of a wet day over the course of the spring is rapidly decreasing, starting the season at 24% and ending it at 16%. For reference, the year's highest daily chance of a wet day is 33% on November 18, and its lowest chance is 7% on August 5. RainfallTo show variation within the season and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day. The average sliding 31-day rainfall during the spring in Vatican is decreasing, starting the season at 2.2 inches, when it rarely exceeds 4.1 inches or falls below 0.5 inches, and ending the season at 1.3 inches, when it rarely exceeds 2.7 inches or falls below 0.2 inches. SunOver the course of the spring in Vatican, the length of the day is very rapidly increasing. From the start to the end of the season, the length of the day increases by 3 hours, 45 minutes, implying an average daily increase of 2 minutes, 28 seconds, and weekly increase of 17 minutes, 16 seconds. The shortest day of the spring is March 1, with 11 hours, 16 minutes of daylight and the longest day is May 31, with 15 hours, 1 minute of daylight. The latest sunrise of the spring in Vatican is 6:54 AM on March 31 and the earliest sunrise is 1 hour, 16 minutes earlier at 5:37 AM on May 31. The earliest sunset is 6:00 PM on March 1 and the latest sunset is 2 hours, 38 minutes later at 8:38 PM on May 31. Daylight saving time (DST) ends at 3:00 AM on March 31, 2024, shifting sunrise and sunset to be an hour earlier. For reference, on June 20, the longest day of the year, the Sun rises at 5:34 AM and sets 15 hours, 14 minutes later, at 8:48 PM, while on December 21, the shortest day of the year, it rises at 7:34 AM and sets 9 hours, 8 minutes later, at 4:42 PM. The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation. MoonThe figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for the spring of 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases. The label associated with each bar indicates the date and time that the phase is obtained, and the companion time labels indicate the rise and set times of the Moon for the nearest time interval in which the moon is above the horizon. HumidityWe base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night. The chance that a given day will be muggy in Vatican is increasing during the spring, rising from 0% to 6% over the course of the season. For reference, on August 9, the muggiest day of the year, there are muggy conditions 49% of the time, while on December 1, the least muggy day of the year, there are muggy conditions 0% of the time. WindThis section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages. The average hourly wind speed in Vatican is gradually decreasing during the spring, decreasing from 8.0 miles per hour to 7.0 miles per hour over the course of the season. For reference, on April 2, the windiest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 8.4 miles per hour, while on August 11, the calmest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 6.8 miles per hour. The highest daily average wind speed during the spring is 8.4 miles per hour on April 3. The wind direction in Vatican during the spring is predominantly out of the east from March 1 to March 3, the south from March 3 to May 16, and the west from May 16 to May 31. Water TemperatureVatican is located near a large body of water (e.g., ocean, sea, or large lake). This section reports on the wide-area average surface temperature of that water. The average surface water temperature in Vatican is very rapidly increasing during the spring, rising by 11°F, from 57°F to 68°F, over the course of the season. Growing SeasonDefinitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere). The growing season in Vatican typically lasts for 8.8 months (270 days), from around March 5 to around November 30, rarely starting before February 9 or after March 28, and rarely ending before November 9 or after December 22. During the spring in Vatican, the chance that a given day is within the growing season is very rapidly increasing rising from 40% to 100% over the course of the season. Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F. The average accumulated growing degree days in Vatican are rapidly increasing during the spring, increasing by 755°F, from 88°F to 843°F, over the course of the season. Solar EnergyThis section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation. The average daily incident shortwave solar energy in Vatican is very rapidly increasing during the spring, rising by 3.6 kWh, from 3.6 kWh to 7.2 kWh, over the course of the season. TopographyFor the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Vatican are 41.902 deg latitude, 12.453 deg longitude, and 0 ft elevation. The topography within 2 miles of Vatican is essentially flat, with a maximum elevation change of 0 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 0 feet. Within 10 miles is also essentially flat (0 feet). Within 50 miles is also essentially flat (0 feet). The area within 2 miles of Vatican is covered by artificial surfaces (91%), within 10 miles by cropland (54%) and artificial surfaces (40%), and within 50 miles by cropland (36%) and water (35%). Data SourcesThis report illustrates the typical weather in Vatican, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016. The details of the data sources used for this report can be found on the Rome Urbe Airport page. DisclaimerThe information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site. We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands. We further caution that our travel scores are only as good as the data that underpin them, that weather conditions at any given location and time are unpredictable and variable, and that the definition of the scores reflects a particular set of preferences that may not agree with those of any particular reader. 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