October Weather in Terra Santa BrazilDaily high temperatures are around 92°F, rarely falling below 85°F or exceeding 99°F. The highest daily average high temperature is 92°F on October 15. Daily low temperatures are around 79°F, rarely falling below 76°F or exceeding 82°F. The highest daily average low temperature is 79°F on October 22. For reference, on October 13, the hottest day of the year, temperatures in Terra Santa typically range from 79°F to 92°F, while on July 5, the coldest day of the year, they range from 75°F to 83°F. The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the hourly average temperatures for the quarter of the year centered on October. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day. Thiruvananthapuram, India (9,216 miles away) and Dasmariñas, Philippines (11,587 miles) are the far-away foreign places with temperatures most similar to Terra Santa (view comparison). CloudsThe month of October in Terra Santa experiences increasing cloud cover, with the percentage of time that the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy increasing from 66% to 75%. The clearest day of the month is October 1, with clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy conditions 34% of the time. For reference, on December 3, the cloudiest day of the year, the chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 79%, while on July 21, the clearest day of the year, the chance of clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy skies is 57%. PrecipitationA wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. In Terra Santa, the chance of a wet day over the course of October is increasing, starting the month at 31% and ending it at 36%. For reference, the year's highest daily chance of a wet day is 84% on April 20, and its lowest chance is 22% on September 7. RainfallTo show variation within the month and not just the monthly total, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day. The average sliding 31-day rainfall during October in Terra Santa is increasing, starting the month at 2.1 inches, when it rarely exceeds 3.9 inches or falls below 0.5 inches, and ending the month at 2.9 inches, when it rarely exceeds 5.1 inches or falls below 0.9 inches. SunOver the course of October in Terra Santa, the length of the day is essentially constant. The shortest day of the month is October 1, with 12 hours, 8 minutes of daylight and the longest day is October 31, with 12 hours, 11 minutes of daylight. The latest sunrise of the month in Terra Santa is 6:31 AM on October 1 and the earliest sunrise is 8 minutes earlier at 6:23 AM on October 31. The latest sunset is 6:39 PM on October 1 and the earliest sunset is 4 minutes earlier at 6:35 PM on October 29. Daylight saving time is not observed in Terra Santa during 2024. For reference, on December 21, the longest day of the year, the Sun rises at 6:36 AM and sets 12 hours, 15 minutes later, at 6:51 PM, while on June 20, the shortest day of the year, it rises at 6:47 AM and sets 12 hours, 0 minutes later, at 6:47 PM. The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation. MoonThe figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for October 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases. The label associated with each bar indicates the date and time that the phase is obtained, and the companion time labels indicate the rise and set times of the Moon for the nearest time interval in which the moon is above the horizon.
HumidityWe base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night. The chance that a given day will be muggy in Terra Santa is essentially constant during October, remaining around 95% throughout. The lowest chance of a muggy day during October is 95% on October 11. For reference, on February 3, the muggiest day of the year, there are muggy conditions 100% of the time, while on October 11, the least muggy day of the year, there are muggy conditions 95% of the time. WindThis section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages. The average hourly wind speed in Terra Santa is essentially constant during October, remaining within 0.1 miles per hour of 3.3 miles per hour throughout. For reference, on September 8, the windiest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 3.5 miles per hour, while on April 24, the calmest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 2.8 miles per hour. The hourly average wind direction in Terra Santa throughout October is predominantly from the east, with a peak proportion of 76% on October 1. Growing SeasonDefinitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere). Temperatures in Terra Santa are sufficiently warm year round that it is not entirely meaningful to discuss the growing season in these terms. We nevertheless include the chart below as an illustration of the distribution of temperatures experienced throughout the year. Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F. The average accumulated growing degree days in Terra Santa are very rapidly increasing during October, increasing by 994°F, from 2,815°F to 3,809°F, over the course of the month. Solar EnergyThis section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation. The average daily incident shortwave solar energy in Terra Santa is essentially constant during October, remaining within 0.2 kWh of 5.8 kWh throughout. TopographyFor the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Terra Santa are -2.104 deg latitude, -56.487 deg longitude, and 69 ft elevation. The topography within 2 miles of Terra Santa contains only modest variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 128 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 33 feet. Within 10 miles also contains only modest variations in elevation (476 feet). Within 50 miles contains only modest variations in elevation (778 feet). The area within 2 miles of Terra Santa is covered by water (44%), trees (18%), shrubs (15%), and herbaceous vegetation (13%), within 10 miles by water (33%) and trees (29%), and within 50 miles by trees (62%) and water (20%). Data SourcesThis report illustrates the typical weather in Terra Santa, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016. Terra Santa is further than 200 kilometers from the nearest reliable weather station, so the weather-related data on this page were taken entirely from NASA's MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid. The temperature and dew point estimates are corrected for the difference between the reference elevation of the MERRA-2 grid cell and the elevation of Terra Santa, according to the International Standard Atmosphere . All data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus. Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database . Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com . Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors. DisclaimerThe information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site. We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands. 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