January Weather in Hanamā‘ulu United StatesDaily high temperatures are around 77°F, rarely falling below 74°F or exceeding 81°F. Daily low temperatures are around 67°F, rarely falling below 60°F or exceeding 72°F. The lowest daily average low temperature is 66°F on January 27. For reference, on September 2, the hottest day of the year, temperatures in Hanamā‘ulu typically range from 75°F to 84°F, while on January 26, the coldest day of the year, they range from 66°F to 77°F. The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the hourly average temperatures for the quarter of the year centered on January. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day. Vaini, Tonga (3,172 miles away) is the far-away foreign place with temperatures most similar to Hanamā‘ulu (view comparison). CloudsThe month of January in Hanamā‘ulu experiences essentially constant cloud cover, with the percentage of time that the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy remaining about 22% throughout the month. The lowest chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 21% on January 18. The clearest day of the month is January 18, with clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy conditions 79% of the time. For reference, on October 12, the cloudiest day of the year, the chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 42%, while on January 17, the clearest day of the year, the chance of clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy skies is 79%. PrecipitationA wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. In Hanamā‘ulu, the chance of a wet day over the course of January is essentially constant, remaining around 28% throughout. For reference, the year's highest daily chance of a wet day is 30% on December 23, and its lowest chance is 10% on June 3. RainfallTo show variation within the month and not just the monthly total, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day. The average sliding 31-day rainfall during January in Hanamā‘ulu is essentially constant, remaining about 5.2 inches throughout, and rarely exceeding 16.9 inches or falling below 0.1 inches. The highest average 31-day accumulation is 5.4 inches on January 14. SunOver the course of January in Hanamā‘ulu, the length of the day is gradually increasing. From the start to the end of the month, the length of the day increases by 21 minutes, implying an average daily increase of 41 seconds, and weekly increase of 4 minutes, 48 seconds. The shortest day of the month is January 1, with 10 hours, 49 minutes of daylight and the longest day is January 31, with 11 hours, 10 minutes of daylight. The latest sunrise of the month in Hanamā‘ulu is 7:18 AM on January 15 and the earliest sunrise is 2 minutes, 42 seconds earlier at 7:16 AM on January 31. The earliest sunset is 6:05 PM on January 1 and the latest sunset is 20 minutes later at 6:25 PM on January 31. Daylight saving time is not observed in Hanamā‘ulu during 2024. For reference, on June 20, the longest day of the year, the Sun rises at 5:54 AM and sets 13 hours, 29 minutes later, at 7:23 PM, while on December 21, the shortest day of the year, it rises at 7:12 AM and sets 10 hours, 47 minutes later, at 5:59 PM. The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation. MoonThe figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for January 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases. The label associated with each bar indicates the date and time that the phase is obtained, and the companion time labels indicate the rise and set times of the Moon for the nearest time interval in which the moon is above the horizon.
HumidityWe base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night. The chance that a given day will be muggy in Hanamā‘ulu is decreasing during January, falling from 44% to 34% over the course of the month. For reference, on August 23, the muggiest day of the year, there are muggy conditions 97% of the time, while on February 18, the least muggy day of the year, there are muggy conditions 32% of the time. WindThis section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages. The average hourly wind speed in Hanamā‘ulu is essentially constant during January, remaining within 0.1 miles per hour of 12.9 miles per hour throughout. For reference, on July 2, the windiest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 16.3 miles per hour, while on January 4, the calmest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 12.8 miles per hour. The lowest daily average wind speed during January is 12.8 miles per hour on January 5. The hourly average wind direction in Hanamā‘ulu throughout January is predominantly from the east, with a peak proportion of 48% on January 1. Water TemperatureHanamā‘ulu is located near a large body of water (e.g., ocean, sea, or large lake). This section reports on the wide-area average surface temperature of that water. The average surface water temperature in Hanamā‘ulu is essentially constant during January, remaining within 1°F of 76°F throughout. Growing SeasonDefinitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere). Temperatures in Hanamā‘ulu are sufficiently warm year round that it is not entirely meaningful to discuss the growing season in these terms. We nevertheless include the chart below as an illustration of the distribution of temperatures experienced throughout the year. Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F. The average accumulated growing degree days in Hanamā‘ulu are rapidly increasing during January, increasing by 632°F, from 22°F to 654°F, over the course of the month. Solar EnergyThis section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation. The average daily incident shortwave solar energy in Hanamā‘ulu is gradually increasing during January, rising by 0.5 kWh, from 4.3 kWh to 4.8 kWh, over the course of the month. TopographyFor the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Hanamā‘ulu are 21.998 deg latitude, -159.359 deg longitude, and 397 ft elevation. The topography within 2 miles of Hanamā‘ulu contains significant variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 653 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 207 feet. Within 10 miles contains significant variations in elevation (5,194 feet). Within 50 miles also contains extreme variations in elevation (5,240 feet). The area within 2 miles of Hanamā‘ulu is covered by artificial surfaces (34%), cropland (34%), and water (14%), within 10 miles by water (46%) and trees (26%), and within 50 miles by water (93%). Data SourcesThis report illustrates the typical weather in Hanamā‘ulu, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016. Temperature and Dew PointThere are 2 weather stations near enough to contribute to our estimation of the temperature and dew point in Hanamā‘ulu. For each station, the records are corrected for the elevation difference between that station and Hanamā‘ulu according to the International Standard Atmosphere , and by the relative change present in the MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis between the two locations. The estimated value at Hanamā‘ulu is computed as the weighted average of the individual contributions from each station, with weights proportional to the inverse of the distance between Hanamā‘ulu and a given station. The stations contributing to this reconstruction are:
To get a sense of how much these sources agree with each other, you can view a comparison of Hanamā‘ulu and the stations that contribute to our estimates of its temperature history and climate. Please note that each source's contribution is adjusted for elevation and the relative change present in the MERRA-2 data. Other DataAll data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus. All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid. Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database . Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com . Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors. DisclaimerThe information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site. We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands. We further caution that our travel scores are only as good as the data that underpin them, that weather conditions at any given location and time are unpredictable and variable, and that the definition of the scores reflects a particular set of preferences that may not agree with those of any particular reader. Please review our full terms contained on our Terms of Service page. |