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Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Safonovo Russia

In Safonovo, the summers are short, cool, and mostly cloudy and the winters are long, freezing, snowy, windy, and overcast. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 7°F to 62°F and is rarely below -14°F or above 75°F.

Based on the tourism score, the best time of year to visit Safonovo for warm-weather activities is from mid July to early August.

Climate in Safonovo

freezingvery coldcoldcoolcoldvery coldfreezingJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecNowNow43%43%15%15%overcastclearprecipitation: 2.9 inprecipitation: 2.9 in0.7 in0.7 inmuggy: 0%muggy: 0%0%0%drydrytourism score: 3.7tourism score: 3.70.00.0
Safonovo weather by month. Click on each chart for more information.

The warm season lasts for 2.7 months, from June 11 to September 2, with an average daily high temperature above 53°F. The hottest month of the year in Safonovo is July, with an average high of 60°F and low of 47°F.

The cold season lasts for 3.9 months, from November 20 to March 15, with an average daily high temperature below 28°F. The coldest month of the year in Safonovo is January, with an average low of 7°F and high of 20°F.

Average High and Low Temperature in Safonovo

Average High and Low Temperature in SafonovowarmcoldcoldJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec-20°F-20°F-10°F-10°F0°F0°F10°F10°F20°F20°F30°F30°F40°F40°F50°F50°F60°F60°F70°F70°F80°F80°F90°F90°F100°F100°FJan 2519°FJan 2519°FJul 2362°FJul 2362°F7°F7°F48°F48°FJun 1153°FJun 1153°FSep 253°FSep 253°FNov 2028°FNov 2028°FMar 1528°FMar 1528°F40°F40°F42°F42°F18°F18°F15°F15°FNowNow
The daily average high (red line) and low (blue line) temperature, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted lines are the corresponding average perceived temperatures.
AverageJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
High 20°F21°F28°F36°F44°F54°F60°F57°F49°F38°F29°F23°F
Temp. 14°F15°F22°F31°F39°F48°F55°F52°F45°F35°F24°F18°F
Low 7°F9°F15°F24°F33°F41°F47°F45°F39°F30°F19°F12°F

The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the entire year of hourly average temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day of the year, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.

Average Hourly Temperature in Safonovo

Average Hourly Temperature in SafonovoJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec12 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AMNowNowfrigidfreezingfreezingvery coldvery coldcoldcoolfreezing
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The average hourly temperature, color coded into bands. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

Dillingham, Alaska, United States (3,570 miles away) and Sutton-Alpine, Alaska, United States (3,400 miles) are the far-away foreign places with temperatures most similar to Safonovo (view comparison).

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In Safonovo, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The clearer part of the year in Safonovo begins around April 13 and lasts for 5.1 months, ending around September 17.

The clearest month of the year in Safonovo is July, during which on average the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 42% of the time.

The cloudier part of the year begins around September 17 and lasts for 6.9 months, ending around April 13.

The cloudiest month of the year in Safonovo is January, during which on average the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 84% of the time.

Cloud Cover Categories in Safonovo

Cloud Cover Categories in SafonovoclearercloudiercloudierJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%Jul 543%Jul 543%Dec 2815%Dec 2815%Apr 1329%Apr 1329%Sep 1729%Sep 1729%NowNowclearmostly clearpartly cloudymostly cloudyovercast
0% clear 20% mostly clear 40% partly cloudy 60% mostly cloudy 80% overcast 100%
The percentage of time spent in each cloud cover band, categorized by the percentage of the sky covered by clouds.
FractionJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Cloudier 84%82%76%70%64%59%58%62%70%79%80%83%
Clearer 16%18%24%30%36%41%42%38%30%21%20%17%

A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. The chance of wet days in Safonovo varies throughout the year.

The wetter season lasts 5.3 months, from May 22 to November 1, with a greater than 27% chance of a given day being a wet day. The month with the most wet days in Safonovo is July, with an average of 11.1 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

The drier season lasts 6.7 months, from November 1 to May 22. The month with the fewest wet days in Safonovo is March, with an average of 5.2 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation in Safonovo changes throughout the year.

Rain alone is the most common for 7.0 months, from April 9 to November 8. The month with the most days of rain alone in Safonovo is July, with an average of 11.1 days.

Snow alone is the most common for 5.0 months, from November 8 to April 9. The month with the most days of snow alone in Safonovo is January, with an average of 4.8 days.

Daily Chance of Precipitation in Safonovo

Daily Chance of Precipitation in SafonovosnowrainsnowJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%80%80%90%90%100%100%Jul 1437%Jul 1437%Mar 1116%Mar 1116%Apr 917%Apr 917%Nov 824%Nov 824%May 2227%May 2227%NowNowsnowrainmixed
The percentage of days in which various types of precipitation are observed, excluding trace quantities: rain alone, snow alone, and mixed (both rain and snow fell in the same day).
Days ofJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Rain 0.3d0.4d0.7d2.7d6.7d10.0d11.1d9.6d8.4d6.6d2.1d0.7d
Mixed 0.4d0.4d0.8d1.1d0.8d0.2d0.0d0.0d0.1d1.5d1.1d0.7d
Snow 4.8d4.2d3.7d1.7d0.3d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d1.2d3.4d4.7d
Any 5.6d5.0d5.2d5.6d7.8d10.2d11.1d9.6d8.5d9.2d6.6d6.1d

To show variation within the months and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Safonovo experiences significant seasonal variation in monthly rainfall.

The rainy period of the year lasts for 7.0 months, from April 14 to November 12, with a sliding 31-day rainfall of at least 0.5 inches. The month with the most rain in Safonovo is July, with an average rainfall of 2.8 inches.

The rainless period of the year lasts for 5.0 months, from November 12 to April 14. The month with the least rain in Safonovo is January, with an average rainfall of 0.1 inches.

Average Monthly Rainfall in Safonovo

The average rainfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average snowfall.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Rainfall 0.1″0.1″0.2″0.5″1.4″2.6″2.8″2.4″2.0″1.4″0.4″0.1″

Snowfall

As with rainfall, we consider the snowfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Safonovo experiences significant seasonal variation in monthly snowfall.

The snowy period of the year lasts for 7.6 months, from October 1 to May 22, with a sliding 31-day snowfall of at least 1.0 inches. The month with the most snow in Safonovo is December, with an average snowfall of 6.9 inches.

The snowless period of the year lasts for 4.4 months, from May 22 to October 1. The least snow falls around August 2, with an average total accumulation of 0.0 inches.

Average Monthly Snowfall in Safonovo

Average Monthly Snowfall in SafonovosnowsnowJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 in0 in2 in2 in4 in4 in6 in6 in8 in8 in10 in10 in12 in12 in14 in14 inDec 176.9 inDec 176.9 inAug 20.0 inAug 20.0 inOct 11.0 inOct 11.0 inMay 221.0 inMay 221.0 inNowNow
The average snowfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average rainfall.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Snowfall 6.5″6.1″5.6″3.7″1.3″0.2″0.0″0.0″0.1″3.3″6.0″6.9″

Due to its extreme latitude, Safonovo experiences polar day (also known as the midnight Sun) during the summer and polar night during the winter. These are periods of time in which the sun is continuously above or below the horizon for more than one day. The precise start and end dates of polar day and night vary from year to year and depend on the precise location and elevation of the observer, and the local topography.

In the summer in Safonovo during 2024, the Sun is continuously above the horizon for 2.1 months, rising at 1:02 AM on May 20, and not setting again until 12:35 AM on July 23.

In the winter in Safonovo during 2024, the Sun is continuously below the horizon for 1.4 months, setting at 12:42 PM on November 30, and not rising again until 12:36 PM on January 12.

Hours of Daylight and Twilight in Safonovo

Hours of Daylight and Twilight in Safonovopolar dayJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 hr24 hr4 hr20 hr8 hr16 hr12 hr12 hr16 hr8 hr20 hr4 hr24 hr0 hr12 hr, 13 minMar 2012 hr, 13 minMar 2024 hr, 0 minJun 2024 hr, 0 minJun 2012 hr, 19 minSep 2212 hr, 19 minSep 220 minDec 210 minDec 21nightnightdayNowNow
The number of hours during which the Sun is visible (black line). From bottom (most yellow) to top (most gray), the color bands indicate: full daylight, twilight (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and full night.
Hours ofJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Daylight 2.1h7.5h11.8h16.1h21.8h24.0h23.3h17.7h13.2h9.0h4.1h0.0h

Daylight saving time (DST) is not observed in Safonovo during 2024.

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in Safonovo

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in SafonovoJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec2 AM4 AM6 AM8 AM10 AM12 PM2 PM4 PM6 PM8 PM10 PM12 AMMay 201:02 AMMay 201:02 AM12:35 AMJul 2212:35 AMJul 2212:42 PMNov 3012:42 PMNov 30Jan 1212:36 PMJan 1212:36 PMdaynightnightnightnightSolarMidnightSolarMidnightSolarNoonNowNow
The solar day over the course of the year 2024. From bottom to top, the black lines are the previous solar midnight, sunrise, solar noon, sunset, and the next solar midnight. The day, twilights (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and night are indicated by the color bands from yellow to gray.

The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation.

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in Safonovo

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in SafonovoJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec12 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AM0000101010202030304000101020203040-244NowNow
northeastsouthwest
Solar elevation and azimuth over the course of the year 2024. The black lines are lines of constant solar elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon, in degrees). The background color fills indicate the azimuth (the compass bearing) of the sun. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries of the cardinal compass points indicate the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

The figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases.

Moon Rise, Set & Phases in Safonovo

The time in which the moon is above the horizon (light blue area), with new moons (dark gray lines) and full moons (blue lines) indicated. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

The perceived humidity level in Safonovo, as measured by the percentage of time in which the humidity comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable, does not vary significantly over the course of the year, remaining a virtually constant 0% throughout.

Humidity Comfort Levels in Safonovo

Humidity Comfort Levels in SafonovoJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%80%80%90%90%100%100%Jan 80%Jan 80%Jul 90%Jul 90%NowNowdrydry
dry 55°F comfortable 60°F humid 65°F muggy 70°F oppressive 75°F miserable
The percentage of time spent at various humidity comfort levels, categorized by dew point.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Muggy days 0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The average hourly wind speed in Safonovo experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The windier part of the year lasts for 6.4 months, from October 27 to May 7, with average wind speeds of more than 7.4 miles per hour. The windiest month of the year in Safonovo is February, with an average hourly wind speed of 9.7 miles per hour.

The calmer time of year lasts for 5.6 months, from May 7 to October 27. The calmest month of the year in Safonovo is August, with an average hourly wind speed of 5.2 miles per hour.

Average Wind Speed in Safonovo

Average Wind Speed in SafonovowindywindyJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 mph0 mph2 mph2 mph4 mph4 mph6 mph6 mph8 mph8 mph10 mph10 mph12 mph12 mph14 mph14 mphJan 309.8 mphJan 309.8 mphAug 25.0 mphAug 25.0 mphOct 277.4 mphOct 277.4 mphMay 77.4 mphMay 77.4 mphNowNow
The average of mean hourly wind speeds (dark gray line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Wind Speed (mph) 9.69.79.38.27.16.15.35.26.07.18.09.2

The predominant average hourly wind direction in Safonovo varies throughout the year.

The wind is most often from the north for 2.0 months, from May 16 to July 16, with a peak percentage of 33% on June 20. The wind is most often from the south for 2.7 months, from July 16 to October 6 and for 6.5 months, from November 1 to May 16, with a peak percentage of 39% on September 15. The wind is most often from the west for 3.7 weeks, from October 6 to November 1, with a peak percentage of 39% on October 29.

Wind Direction in Safonovo

Wind Direction in SafonovoSNSWSJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%20%80%40%60%60%40%80%20%100%0%NowNowwestsoutheastnorth
northeastsouthwest
The percentage of hours in which the mean wind direction is from each of the four cardinal wind directions, excluding hours in which the mean wind speed is less than 1.0 mph. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries are the percentage of hours spent in the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

Safonovo is located near a large body of water (e.g., ocean, sea, or large lake). This section reports on the wide-area average surface temperature of that water.

The average water temperature experiences some seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The time of year with warmer water lasts for 2.2 months, from July 8 to September 15, with an average temperature above 48°F. The month of the year in Safonovo with the warmest water is August, with an average temperature of 50°F.

The time of year with cooler water lasts for 4.4 months, from January 3 to May 17, with an average temperature below 39°F. The month of the year in Safonovo with the coolest water is March, with an average temperature of 36°F.

Average Water Temperature in Safonovo

The daily average water temperature (purple line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.
WaterJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Temperature 38°F37°F36°F36°F39°F43°F49°F50°F47°F44°F42°F40°F

To characterize how pleasant the weather is in Safonovo throughout the year, we compute two travel scores.

The tourism score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 65°F and 80°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Safonovo for general outdoor tourist activities is from mid July to early August, with a peak score in the last week of July.

Tourism Score in Safonovo

Tourism Score in SafonovoJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec002244668810103.73.70.00.0NowNowtemperaturetemperature cloudscloudsprecipitationprecipitationtourism score
The tourism score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).

The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 75°F and 90°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Safonovo for hot-weather activities is from mid to late July, with a peak score in the last week of July.

Beach/Pool Score in Safonovo

Beach/Pool Score in SafonovoJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec002244668810100.90.90.00.0NowNowtemperaturetemperature cloudscloudsprecipitationprecipitation
The beach/pool score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).

Methodology

For each hour between 8:00 AM and 9:00 PM of each day in the analysis period (1980 to 2016), independent scores are computed for perceived temperature, cloud cover, and total precipitation. Those scores are combined into a single hourly composite score, which is then aggregated into days, averaged over all the years in the analysis period, and smoothed.

Our cloud cover score is 10 for fully clear skies, falling linearly to 9 for mostly clear skies, and to 1 for fully overcast skies.

Our precipitation score, which is based on the three-hour precipitation centered on the hour in question, is 10 for no precipitation, falling linearly to 9 for trace precipitation, and to 0 for 0.04 inches of precipitation or more.

Our tourism temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 50°F, rising linearly to 9 for 65°F, to 10 for 75°F, falling linearly to 9 for 80°F, and to 1 for 90°F or hotter.

Our beach/pool temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 65°F, rising linearly to 9 for 75°F, to 10 for 82°F, falling linearly to 9 for 90°F, and to 1 for 100°F or hotter.

Definitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere).

The growing season in Safonovo typically lasts for 3.6 months (111 days), from around May 27 to around September 15, rarely starting before May 8 or after June 13, and rarely ending before August 22 or after October 10.

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in Safonovo

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in Safonovogrowing seasonJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%May 2750%May 2750%Sep 1550%Sep 1550%Jun 1390%Jun 1390%Aug 2290%Aug 2290%May 810%May 810%Oct 1010%Oct 1010%0%Feb 230%Feb 23Jul 17100%Jul 17100%NowNowfrigidfreezingvery coldcoldcool
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The percentage of time spent in various temperature bands. The black line is the percentage chance that a given day is within the growing season.

Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F.

Based on growing degree days alone, the first spring blooms in Safonovo should appear around June 24, only rarely appearing before June 10 or after July 13.

Growing Degree Days in Safonovo

Growing Degree Days in SafonovoJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0°F0°F100°F100°F200°F200°F300°F300°F400°F400°F500°F500°F600°F600°FJun 2490°FJun 2490°FDec 31452°FDec 31452°FNowNow
The average growing degree days accumulated over the course of the year, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy experiences extreme seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The brighter period of the year lasts for 2.5 months, from May 13 to July 31, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter above 4.2 kWh. The brightest month of the year in Safonovo is June, with an average of 5.1 kWh.

The darker period of the year lasts for 5.4 months, from September 28 to March 8, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter below 1.0 kWh. The darkest month of the year in Safonovo is December, with an average of 0.0 kWh.

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in Safonovo

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in SafonovobrightdarkdarkJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 kWh0 kWh1 kWh1 kWh2 kWh2 kWh3 kWh3 kWh4 kWh4 kWh5 kWh5 kWh6 kWh6 kWh7 kWh7 kWh8 kWh8 kWhJun 235.2 kWhJun 235.2 kWhDec 140.0 kWhDec 140.0 kWhMay 134.2 kWhMay 134.2 kWhJul 314.2 kWhJul 314.2 kWhSep 281.0 kWhSep 281.0 kWhMar 81.0 kWhMar 81.0 kWhNowNow
The average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground per square meter (orange line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Solar Energy (kWh) 0.00.31.43.04.35.14.83.31.70.50.10.0

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Safonovo are 69.060 deg latitude, 33.295 deg longitude, and 92 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of Safonovo contains significant variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 528 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 115 feet. Within 10 miles contains significant variations in elevation (1,145 feet). Within 50 miles contains very significant variations in elevation (2,011 feet).

The area within 2 miles of Safonovo is covered by trees (38%), water (36%), and herbaceous vegetation (11%), within 10 miles by trees (39%) and water (21%), and within 50 miles by grassland (29%) and water (28%).

This report illustrates the typical weather in Safonovo, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016.

Temperature and Dew Point

There are 3 weather stations near enough to contribute to our estimation of the temperature and dew point in Safonovo.

For each station, the records are corrected for the elevation difference between that station and Safonovo according to the International Standard Atmosphere , and by the relative change present in the MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis between the two locations.

The estimated value at Safonovo is computed as the weighted average of the individual contributions from each station, with weights proportional to the inverse of the distance between Safonovo and a given station.

The stations contributing to this reconstruction are:

To get a sense of how much these sources agree with each other, you can view a comparison of Safonovo and the stations that contribute to our estimates of its temperature history and climate. Please note that each source's contribution is adjusted for elevation and the relative change present in the MERRA-2 data.

Other Data

All data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus.

All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid.

Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database .

Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com .

Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Disclaimer

The information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site.

We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands.

We further caution that our travel scores are only as good as the data that underpin them, that weather conditions at any given location and time are unpredictable and variable, and that the definition of the scores reflects a particular set of preferences that may not agree with those of any particular reader.

Please review our full terms contained on our Terms of Service page.