Average Weather in Hudson Bay Canada

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2. Canada
3. Saskatchewan
4. Hudson Bay

In Hudson Bay, the summers are long, comfortable, and partly cloudy and the winters are frigid, snowy, and mostly cloudy. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from -7°F to 76°F and is rarely below -29°F or above 84°F.

The warm season lasts for 4.0 months, from May 16 to September 17, with an average daily high temperature above 62°F. The hottest day of the year is July 24, with an average high of 76°F and low of 54°F.

The cold season lasts for 3.3 months, from November 23 to March 1, with an average daily high temperature below 23°F. The coldest day of the year is January 11, with an average low of -7°F and high of 10°F.

The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the entire year of hourly average temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day of the year, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.

In Hudson Bay, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The clearer part of the year in Hudson Bay begins around April 18 and lasts for 6.0 months, ending around October 19. On July 31, the clearest day of the year, the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 66% of the time, and overcast or mostly cloudy 34% of the time.

The cloudier part of the year begins around October 19 and lasts for 6.0 months, ending around April 18. On February 15, the cloudiest day of the year, the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 75% of the time, and clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 25% of the time.

A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. The chance of wet days in Hudson Bay varies throughout the year.

The wetter season lasts 4.1 months, from May 6 to September 8, with a greater than 19% chance of a given day being a wet day. The chance of a wet day peaks at 33% on June 23.

The drier season lasts 7.9 months, from September 8 to May 6. The smallest chance of a wet day is 5% on February 18.

Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation in Hudson Bay changes throughout the year.

Rain alone is the most common for 7.0 months, from March 31 to October 31. The highest chance of a day with rain alone is 33% on June 23.

Snow alone is the most common for 5.0 months, from October 31 to March 31. The highest chance of a day with snow alone is 8% on December 6.

Rainfall

To show variation within the months and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Hudson Bay experiences significant seasonal variation in monthly rainfall.

The rainy period of the year lasts for 6.6 months, from April 9 to October 29, with a sliding 31-day rainfall of at least 0.5 inches. The most rain falls during the 31 days centered around June 26, with an average total accumulation of 3.1 inches.

The rainless period of the year lasts for 5.3 months, from October 29 to April 9. The least rain falls around December 25, with an average total accumulation of 0.0 inches.

Snowfall

We report snowfall in liquid-equivalent terms. The actual depth of new snowfall is typically between 5 and 10 times the liquid-equivalent amount, assuming the ground is frozen. Colder, drier snow tends to be on the higher end of that range and warmer, wetter snow on the lower end.

As with rainfall, we consider the snowfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Hudson Bay experiences some seasonal variation in monthly liquid-equivalent snowfall.

The snowy period of the year lasts for 7.3 months, from October 6 to May 15, with a sliding 31-day liquid-equivalent snowfall of at least 0.1 inches. The most snow falls during the 31 days centered around November 24, with an average total liquid-equivalent accumulation of 0.4 inches.

The snowless period of the year lasts for 4.7 months, from May 15 to October 6. The least snow falls around July 21, with an average total liquid-equivalent accumulation of 0.0 inches.

The length of the day in Hudson Bay varies extremely over the course of the year. In 2017, the shortest day is December 21, with 7 hours, 35 minutes of daylight; the longest day is June 21, with 16 hours, 54 minutes of daylight.

The earliest sunrise is at 4:23 AM on June 17, and the latest sunrise is 4 hours, 38 minutes later at 9:02 AM on December 29. The earliest sunset is at 4:33 PM on December 13, and the latest sunset is 4 hours, 45 minutes later at 9:18 PM on June 24.

Daylight saving time (DST) is not observed in Hudson Bay during 2017.

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

The perceived humidity level in Hudson Bay, as measured by the percentage of time in which the humidity comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable, does not vary significantly over the course of the year, staying within 2% of 2% throughout.

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The predominant average hourly wind direction in Hudson Bay varies throughout the year.

The wind is most often from the south for 2.0 weeks, from March 30 to April 13, with a peak percentage of 28% on April 8. The wind is most often from the north for 1.4 months, from April 13 to May 25, with a peak percentage of 31% on April 29. The wind is most often from the west for 9.7 months, from June 7 to March 30, with a peak percentage of 47% on January 1.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy experiences extreme seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The brighter period of the year lasts for 3.7 months, from April 27 to August 19, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter above 5.3 kWh. The brightest day of the year is July 12, with an average of 6.5 kWh.

The darker period of the year lasts for 3.7 months, from October 24 to February 16, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter below 1.9 kWh. The darkest day of the year is December 19, with an average of 0.7 kWh.

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Hudson Bay are 52.850 deg latitude, -102.384 deg longitude, and 1,198 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of Hudson Bay is essentially flat, with a maximum elevation change of 85 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 1,200 feet. Within 10 miles is essentially flat (463 feet). Within 50 miles contains only modest variations in elevation (1,860 feet).

The area within 2 miles of Hudson Bay is covered by cropland (39%), trees (34%), and herbaceous vegetation (12%), within 10 miles by trees (49%) and cropland (48%), and within 50 miles by trees (76%) and cropland (16%).

This report illustrates the typical weather in Hudson Bay, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016.

Temperature and Dew Point

There are 5 weather stations near enough to contribute to our estimation of the temperature and dew point in Hudson Bay.

For each station, the records are corrected for the elevation difference between that station and Hudson Bay according to the International Standard Atmosphere , and by the relative change present in the MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis between the two locations.

The estimated value at Hudson Bay is computed as the weighted average of the individual contributions from each station, with weights proportional to the inverse of the distance between Hudson Bay and a given station.

The stations contributing to this reconstruction are: Hudson Bay Airport (97%, 5.8 kilometers, southeast); Nipawin (1.0%, 121 kilometers, northwest); Nipawin, Sask. (1.0%, 121 kilometers, northwest); The Pas Airport (0.7%, 151 kilometers, northeast); and Wynyard Marine Aviation Reporting Station (0.6%, 173 kilometers, southwest).

Other Data

All data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Tables of the Sun, Moon and Planets , by Jean Meeus.

All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid.

Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database .

Time zones for aiports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com .

Maps are © Esri, with data from National Geographic, Esri, DeLorme, NAVTEQ, UNEP-WCMC, USGS, NASA, ESA, METI, NRCAN, GEBCO, NOAA, and iPC.