Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Castellar de Santiago SpainIn Castellar de Santiago, the summers are short, hot, dry, and mostly clear and the winters are long, very cold, and partly cloudy. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 31°F to 92°F and is rarely below 24°F or above 98°F. Based on the beach/pool score, the best time of year to visit Castellar de Santiago for hot-weather activities is from late June to late August. Average Temperature in Castellar de SantiagoThe hot season lasts for 2.8 months, from June 14 to September 8, with an average daily high temperature above 83°F. The hottest month of the year in Castellar de Santiago is July, with an average high of 91°F and low of 62°F. The cold season lasts for 3.7 months, from November 13 to March 4, with an average daily high temperature below 57°F. The coldest month of the year in Castellar de Santiago is January, with an average low of 32°F and high of 49°F.
The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the entire year of hourly average temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day of the year, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day. Forest Ranch, California, United States (5,772 miles away) is the far-away foreign place with temperatures most similar to Castellar de Santiago (view comparison). CloudsIn Castellar de Santiago, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year. The clearer part of the year in Castellar de Santiago begins around June 7 and lasts for 3.0 months, ending around September 9. The clearest month of the year in Castellar de Santiago is July, during which on average the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 89% of the time. The cloudier part of the year begins around September 9 and lasts for 9.0 months, ending around June 7. The cloudiest month of the year in Castellar de Santiago is December, during which on average the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 51% of the time.
PrecipitationA wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. The chance of wet days in Castellar de Santiago varies throughout the year. The wetter season lasts 8.6 months, from September 18 to June 7, with a greater than 11% chance of a given day being a wet day. The month with the most wet days in Castellar de Santiago is April, with an average of 5.6 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation. The drier season lasts 3.4 months, from June 7 to September 18. The month with the fewest wet days in Castellar de Santiago is July, with an average of 0.9 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation. Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. The month with the most days of rain alone in Castellar de Santiago is April, with an average of 5.6 days. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation throughout the year is rain alone, with a peak probability of 20% on October 29.
RainfallTo show variation within the months and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Castellar de Santiago experiences some seasonal variation in monthly rainfall. The rainy period of the year lasts for 9.6 months, from September 3 to June 20, with a sliding 31-day rainfall of at least 0.5 inches. The month with the most rain in Castellar de Santiago is October, with an average rainfall of 1.6 inches. The rainless period of the year lasts for 2.4 months, from June 20 to September 3. The month with the least rain in Castellar de Santiago is July, with an average rainfall of 0.2 inches.
SunThe length of the day in Castellar de Santiago varies significantly over the course of the year. In 2024, the shortest day is December 21, with 9 hours, 28 minutes of daylight; the longest day is June 20, with 14 hours, 52 minutes of daylight.
The earliest sunrise is at 6:48 AM on June 13, and the latest sunrise is 1 hour, 45 minutes later at 8:33 AM on October 26. The earliest sunset is at 5:51 PM on December 6, and the latest sunset is 3 hours, 50 minutes later at 9:41 PM on June 27. Daylight saving time (DST) is observed in Castellar de Santiago during 2024, starting in the spring on March 31, lasting 6.9 months, and ending in the fall on October 27. The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation. MoonThe figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases. HumidityWe base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night. The perceived humidity level in Castellar de Santiago, as measured by the percentage of time in which the humidity comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable, does not vary significantly over the course of the year, remaining a virtually constant 0% throughout.
WindThis section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages. The average hourly wind speed in Castellar de Santiago experiences mild seasonal variation over the course of the year. The windier part of the year lasts for 3.8 months, from January 22 to May 15, with average wind speeds of more than 8.1 miles per hour. The windiest month of the year in Castellar de Santiago is April, with an average hourly wind speed of 8.7 miles per hour. The calmer time of year lasts for 8.2 months, from May 15 to January 22. The calmest month of the year in Castellar de Santiago is September, with an average hourly wind speed of 7.3 miles per hour.
The predominant average hourly wind direction in Castellar de Santiago varies throughout the year. The wind is most often from the west for 10.0 months, from January 25 to November 24, with a peak percentage of 52% on August 3. The wind is most often from the east for 2.0 months, from November 24 to January 25, with a peak percentage of 31% on January 1. Best Time of Year to VisitTo characterize how pleasant the weather is in Castellar de Santiago throughout the year, we compute two travel scores. The tourism score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 65°F and 80°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Castellar de Santiago for general outdoor tourist activities is from late May to early October, with a peak score in the second week of September. Tourism Score in Castellar de SantiagoThe beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 75°F and 90°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Castellar de Santiago for hot-weather activities is from late June to late August, with a peak score in the last week of July. Beach/Pool Score in Castellar de SantiagoMethodologyFor each hour between 8:00 AM and 9:00 PM of each day in the analysis period (1980 to 2016), independent scores are computed for perceived temperature, cloud cover, and total precipitation. Those scores are combined into a single hourly composite score, which is then aggregated into days, averaged over all the years in the analysis period, and smoothed. Our cloud cover score is 10 for fully clear skies, falling linearly to 9 for mostly clear skies, and to 1 for fully overcast skies. Our precipitation score, which is based on the three-hour precipitation centered on the hour in question, is 10 for no precipitation, falling linearly to 9 for trace precipitation, and to 0 for 0.04 inches of precipitation or more. Our tourism temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 50°F, rising linearly to 9 for 65°F, to 10 for 75°F, falling linearly to 9 for 80°F, and to 1 for 90°F or hotter. Our beach/pool temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 65°F, rising linearly to 9 for 75°F, to 10 for 82°F, falling linearly to 9 for 90°F, and to 1 for 100°F or hotter. Growing SeasonDefinitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere). The growing season in Castellar de Santiago typically lasts for 7.4 months (227 days), from around March 30 to around November 12, rarely starting before March 5 or after April 25, and rarely ending before October 22 or after December 7. Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F. Based on growing degree days alone, the first spring blooms in Castellar de Santiago should appear around March 18, only rarely appearing before March 5 or after April 4. Solar EnergyThis section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation. The average daily incident shortwave solar energy experiences extreme seasonal variation over the course of the year. The brighter period of the year lasts for 3.3 months, from May 12 to August 20, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter above 7.1 kWh. The brightest month of the year in Castellar de Santiago is July, with an average of 8.2 kWh. The darker period of the year lasts for 3.5 months, from October 28 to February 13, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter below 3.4 kWh. The darkest month of the year in Castellar de Santiago is December, with an average of 2.3 kWh.
TopographyFor the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Castellar de Santiago are 38.539 deg latitude, -3.276 deg longitude, and 2,733 ft elevation. The topography within 2 miles of Castellar de Santiago contains only modest variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 482 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 2,751 feet. Within 10 miles contains only modest variations in elevation (2,083 feet). Within 50 miles contains large variations in elevation (5,804 feet). The area within 2 miles of Castellar de Santiago is covered by cropland (92%), within 10 miles by cropland (60%) and shrubs (29%), and within 50 miles by cropland (60%) and trees (23%). Data SourcesThis report illustrates the typical weather in Castellar de Santiago, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016. Temperature and Dew PointThere are 4 weather stations near enough to contribute to our estimation of the temperature and dew point in Castellar de Santiago. For each station, the records are corrected for the elevation difference between that station and Castellar de Santiago according to the International Standard Atmosphere , and by the relative change present in the MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis between the two locations. The estimated value at Castellar de Santiago is computed as the weighted average of the individual contributions from each station, with weights proportional to the inverse of the distance between Castellar de Santiago and a given station. The stations contributing to this reconstruction are:
To get a sense of how much these sources agree with each other, you can view a comparison of Castellar de Santiago and the stations that contribute to our estimates of its temperature history and climate. Please note that each source's contribution is adjusted for elevation and the relative change present in the MERRA-2 data. Other DataAll data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus. All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid. Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database . Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com . Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors. DisclaimerThe information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site. We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands. We further caution that our travel scores are only as good as the data that underpin them, that weather conditions at any given location and time are unpredictable and variable, and that the definition of the scores reflects a particular set of preferences that may not agree with those of any particular reader. Please review our full terms contained on our Terms of Service page. |