Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Federal Argentina

In Federal, the summers are hot, humid, and wet; the winters are short and cool; and it is partly cloudy year round. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 46°F to 90°F and is rarely below 34°F or above 98°F.

Based on the tourism score, the best times of year to visit Federal for warm-weather activities are from mid February to late April and from late September to mid December.

The hot season lasts for 3.3 months, from November 27 to March 6, with an average daily high temperature above 85°F. The hottest month of the year in Federal is January, with an average high of 90°F and low of 68°F.

The cool season lasts for 2.9 months, from May 17 to August 15, with an average daily high temperature below 69°F. The coldest month of the year in Federal is July, with an average low of 46°F and high of 64°F.

In Federal, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The clearer part of the year in Federal begins around August 22 and lasts for 8.5 months, ending around May 4.

The clearest month of the year in Federal is March, during which on average the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 71% of the time.

The cloudier part of the year begins around May 4 and lasts for 3.5 months, ending around August 22.

The cloudiest month of the year in Federal is June, during which on average the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 47% of the time.

A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. The chance of wet days in Federal varies throughout the year.

The wetter season lasts 7.0 months, from September 29 to April 28, with a greater than 28% chance of a given day being a wet day. The month with the most wet days in Federal is February, with an average of 10.7 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

The drier season lasts 5.0 months, from April 28 to September 29. The month with the fewest wet days in Federal is July, with an average of 5.5 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. The month with the most days of rain alone in Federal is February, with an average of 10.7 days. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation throughout the year is rain alone, with a peak probability of 39% on February 8.

Rainfall

To show variation within the months and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Federal experiences extreme seasonal variation in monthly rainfall.

Rain falls throughout the year in Federal. The month with the most rain in Federal is April, with an average rainfall of 5.9 inches.

The month with the least rain in Federal is July, with an average rainfall of 1.9 inches.

The length of the day in Federal varies significantly over the course of the year. In 2024, the shortest day is June 20, with 10 hours, 8 minutes of daylight; the longest day is December 21, with 14 hours, 10 minutes of daylight.

The earliest sunrise is at 5:44 AM on December 3, and the latest sunrise is 2 hours, 10 minutes later at 7:53 AM on June 30. The earliest sunset is at 5:59 PM on June 10, and the latest sunset is 2 hours, 3 minutes later at 8:02 PM on January 8.

Daylight saving time (DST) is not observed in Federal during 2024.

The figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases.

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

Federal experiences extreme seasonal variation in the perceived humidity.

The muggier period of the year lasts for 6.1 months, from October 24 to April 29, during which time the comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable at least 14% of the time. The month with the most muggy days in Federal is February, with 15.1 days that are muggy or worse.

The month with the fewest muggy days in Federal is August, with 0.4 days that are muggy or worse.

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The average hourly wind speed in Federal experiences mild seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The windier part of the year lasts for 4.7 months, from July 21 to December 11, with average wind speeds of more than 7.4 miles per hour. The windiest month of the year in Federal is September, with an average hourly wind speed of 8.2 miles per hour.

The calmer time of year lasts for 7.3 months, from December 11 to July 21. The calmest month of the year in Federal is May, with an average hourly wind speed of 6.6 miles per hour.

The predominant average hourly wind direction in Federal varies throughout the year.

The wind is most often from the north for 1.5 months, from May 26 to July 11, with a peak percentage of 32% on June 17. The wind is most often from the south for 3.4 weeks, from July 11 to August 4, with a peak percentage of 33% on July 30. The wind is most often from the east for 9.7 months, from August 4 to May 26, with a peak percentage of 49% on January 1.

To characterize how pleasant the weather is in Federal throughout the year, we compute two travel scores.

The tourism score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 65°F and 80°F. Based on this score, the best times of year to visit Federal for general outdoor tourist activities are from mid February to late April and from late September to mid December, with a peak score in the third week of November.

The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 75°F and 90°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Federal for hot-weather activities is from late November to mid March, with a peak score in the second week of January.

Methodology

For each hour between 8:00 AM and 9:00 PM of each day in the analysis period (1980 to 2016), independent scores are computed for perceived temperature, cloud cover, and total precipitation. Those scores are combined into a single hourly composite score, which is then aggregated into days, averaged over all the years in the analysis period, and smoothed.

Our cloud cover score is 10 for fully clear skies, falling linearly to 9 for mostly clear skies, and to 1 for fully overcast skies.

Our precipitation score, which is based on the three-hour precipitation centered on the hour in question, is 10 for no precipitation, falling linearly to 9 for trace precipitation, and to 0 for 0.04 inches of precipitation or more.

Our tourism temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 50°F, rising linearly to 9 for 65°F, to 10 for 75°F, falling linearly to 9 for 80°F, and to 1 for 90°F or hotter.

Our beach/pool temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 65°F, rising linearly to 9 for 75°F, to 10 for 82°F, falling linearly to 9 for 90°F, and to 1 for 100°F or hotter.

Definitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere).

The growing season in Federal typically lasts for 11 months (340 days), from around July 22 to around June 27, rarely starting after August 21, or ending before May 24.

Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F.

Based on growing degree days alone, the first spring blooms in Federal should appear around July 15, only rarely appearing before July 10 or after July 25.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The brighter period of the year lasts for 3.5 months, from October 29 to February 14, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter above 6.7 kWh. The brightest month of the year in Federal is December, with an average of 7.6 kWh.

The darker period of the year lasts for 3.3 months, from May 2 to August 10, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter below 3.8 kWh. The darkest month of the year in Federal is June, with an average of 2.9 kWh.

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Federal are -30.955 deg latitude, -58.783 deg longitude, and 220 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of Federal is essentially flat, with a maximum elevation change of 66 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 213 feet. Within 10 miles is essentially flat (108 feet). Within 50 miles also contains only modest variations in elevation (279 feet).

The area within 2 miles of Federal is covered by shrubs (41%), grassland (30%), and trees (28%), within 10 miles by shrubs (51%) and trees (25%), and within 50 miles by shrubs (41%) and trees (26%).