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Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Panamá Panama

In Panamá, the wet season is overcast, the dry season is windy and partly cloudy, and it is hot and oppressive year round. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 75°F to 90°F and is rarely below 74°F or above 93°F.

Based on the beach/pool score, the best time of year to visit Panamá for hot-weather activities is from late December to late March.

Climate in Panamá

hothotJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecNowNow52%52%5%5%overcastclearprecipitation: 7.7 inprecipitation: 7.7 in0.2 in0.2 inmuggy: 100%muggy: 100%98%98%beach/pool score: 6.7beach/pool score: 6.74.14.1
Panamá weather by month. Click on each chart for more information.

The temperature in Panamá varies so little throughout the year that it is not entirely meaningful to discuss hot and cold seasons.

Average High and Low Temperature in Panamá

Average High and Low Temperature in PanamáJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0°F0°F10°F10°F20°F20°F30°F30°F40°F40°F50°F50°F60°F60°F70°F70°F80°F80°F90°F90°F100°F100°FJan 2089°FJan 2089°FApr 190°FApr 190°F75°F75°F77°F77°FSep 486°FSep 486°FDec 186°FDec 186°F76°F76°F76°F76°FNowNow
The daily average high (red line) and low (blue line) temperature, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted lines are the corresponding average perceived temperatures.
AverageJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
High 88°F89°F90°F89°F87°F86°F87°F86°F86°F85°F85°F87°F
Temp. 81°F81°F82°F83°F81°F81°F81°F80°F80°F80°F80°F80°F
Low 76°F76°F76°F77°F77°F77°F77°F76°F76°F76°F76°F76°F

The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the entire year of hourly average temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day of the year, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.

Average Hourly Temperature in Panamá

Average Hourly Temperature in PanamáJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec12 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AMNowNowwarmhothot
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The average hourly temperature, color coded into bands. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India (10,428 miles away) and Kampung Sungai Ara, Malaysia (11,460 miles) are the far-away foreign places with temperatures most similar to Panamá (view comparison).

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In Panamá, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The clearer part of the year in Panamá begins around November 28 and lasts for 4.5 months, ending around April 13.

The clearest month of the year in Panamá is January, during which on average the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 51% of the time.

The cloudier part of the year begins around April 13 and lasts for 7.5 months, ending around November 28.

The cloudiest month of the year in Panamá is August, during which on average the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 95% of the time.

Cloud Cover Categories in Panamá

Cloud Cover Categories in PanamáclearerclearercloudierJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%Jan 1352%Jan 1352%Jul 275%Jul 275%Nov 2828%Nov 2828%Apr 1329%Apr 1329%NowNowclearmostly clearmostly cloudyovercastpartly cloudy
0% clear 20% mostly clear 40% partly cloudy 60% mostly cloudy 80% overcast 100%
The percentage of time spent in each cloud cover band, categorized by the percentage of the sky covered by clouds.
FractionJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Cloudier 49%52%58%73%90%94%95%95%93%89%79%58%
Clearer 51%48%42%27%10%6%5%5%7%11%21%42%

A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. The chance of wet days in Panamá varies significantly throughout the year.

The wetter season lasts 7.5 months, from April 25 to December 11, with a greater than 24% chance of a given day being a wet day. The month with the most wet days in Panamá is October, with an average of 13.3 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

The drier season lasts 4.5 months, from December 11 to April 25. The month with the fewest wet days in Panamá is February, with an average of 1.0 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. The month with the most days of rain alone in Panamá is October, with an average of 13.3 days. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation throughout the year is rain alone, with a peak probability of 46% on November 7.

Daily Chance of Precipitation in Panamá

Daily Chance of Precipitation in PanamáwetdrydryJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%80%80%90%90%100%100%Nov 746%Nov 746%Jan 313%Jan 313%Apr 2524%Apr 2524%Dec 1124%Dec 1124%NowNowrain
The percentage of days in which various types of precipitation are observed, excluding trace quantities: rain alone, snow alone, and mixed (both rain and snow fell in the same day).
Days ofJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Rain 1.7d1.0d1.5d5.4d11.1d11.3d11.5d11.6d12.5d13.3d12.8d6.5d

To show variation within the months and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Panamá experiences extreme seasonal variation in monthly rainfall.

The rainy period of the year lasts for 10 months, from March 18 to January 18, with a sliding 31-day rainfall of at least 0.5 inches. The month with the most rain in Panamá is October, with an average rainfall of 7.5 inches.

The rainless period of the year lasts for 2.0 months, from January 18 to March 18. The month with the least rain in Panamá is February, with an average rainfall of 0.2 inches.

Average Monthly Rainfall in Panamá

Average Monthly Rainfall in PanamárainJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 in0 in2 in2 in4 in4 in6 in6 in8 in8 in10 in10 in12 in12 in14 in14 inOct 307.7 inOct 307.7 inFeb 260.2 inFeb 260.2 inJun 47.0 inJun 47.0 inJul 96.0 inJul 96.0 inJan 180.5 inJan 180.5 inNowNow
The average rainfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average snowfall.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Rainfall 0.6″0.2″0.5″2.6″6.2″6.7″6.1″6.3″6.9″7.5″7.1″3.1″

The length of the day in Panamá does not vary substantially over the course of the year, staying within 38 minutes of 12 hours throughout. In 2024, the shortest day is December 21, with 11 hours, 36 minutes of daylight; the longest day is June 20, with 12 hours, 39 minutes of daylight.

Hours of Daylight and Twilight in Panamá

Hours of Daylight and Twilight in PanamáJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 hr24 hr4 hr20 hr8 hr16 hr12 hr12 hr16 hr8 hr20 hr4 hr24 hr0 hr12 hr, 6 minMar 1912 hr, 6 minMar 1912 hr, 39 minJun 2012 hr, 39 minJun 2012 hr, 7 minSep 2212 hr, 7 minSep 2211 hr, 36 minDec 2111 hr, 36 minDec 21nightnightdayNowNow
The number of hours during which the Sun is visible (black line). From bottom (most yellow) to top (most gray), the color bands indicate: full daylight, twilight (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and full night.
Hours ofJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Daylight 11.7h11.8h12.1h12.3h12.5h12.6h12.6h12.4h12.2h11.9h11.7h11.6h

The earliest sunrise is at 5:57 AM on May 27, and the latest sunrise is 42 minutes later at 6:39 AM on January 29. The earliest sunset is at 5:54 PM on November 15, and the latest sunset is 48 minutes later at 6:42 PM on July 12.

Daylight saving time (DST) is not observed in Panamá during 2024.

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in Panamá

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in PanamáJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec2 AM4 AM6 AM8 AM10 AM12 PM2 PM4 PM6 PM8 PM10 PM12 AMMay 275:57 AMMay 275:57 AM6:42 PMJul 126:42 PMJul 12Nov 155:54 PMNov 155:54 PM6:39 AMJan 296:39 AMJan 29daynightnightSolarMidnightSolarMidnightSolarNoonSunriseSunset
The solar day over the course of the year 2024. From bottom to top, the black lines are the previous solar midnight, sunrise, solar noon, sunset, and the next solar midnight. The day, twilights (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and night are indicated by the color bands from yellow to gray.

The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation.

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in Panamá

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in PanamáJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec12 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AM000010101010202020203030303040404040505050506060606070707080000010101010202020203030303040404040505050506060607070805890NowNow
northeastsouthwest
Solar elevation and azimuth over the course of the year 2024. The black lines are lines of constant solar elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon, in degrees). The background color fills indicate the azimuth (the compass bearing) of the sun. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries of the cardinal compass points indicate the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

The figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases.

Moon Rise, Set & Phases in Panamá

The time in which the moon is above the horizon (light blue area), with new moons (dark gray lines) and full moons (blue lines) indicated. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

The perceived humidity level in Panamá, as measured by the percentage of time in which the humidity comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable, does not vary significantly over the course of the year, staying within 1% of 99% throughout.

Humidity Comfort Levels in Panamá

Humidity Comfort Levels in PanamáJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%80%80%90%90%100%100%Feb 2898%Feb 2898%100%Sep 6100%Sep 6NowNowmiserablemiserableoppressiveoppressivemuggymuggy
dry 55°F comfortable 60°F humid 65°F muggy 70°F oppressive 75°F miserable
The percentage of time spent at various humidity comfort levels, categorized by dew point.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Muggy days 30.9d28.6d30.6d29.9d31.0d30.0d31.0d31.0d30.0d31.0d30.0d31.0d

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The average hourly wind speed in Panamá experiences extreme seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The windier part of the year lasts for 4.7 months, from December 10 to April 30, with average wind speeds of more than 10.3 miles per hour. The windiest month of the year in Panamá is February, with an average hourly wind speed of 14.4 miles per hour.

The calmer time of year lasts for 7.4 months, from April 30 to December 10. The calmest month of the year in Panamá is September, with an average hourly wind speed of 6.0 miles per hour.

Average Wind Speed in Panamá

Average Wind Speed in PanamáwindyJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 mph0 mph2 mph2 mph4 mph4 mph6 mph6 mph8 mph8 mph10 mph10 mph12 mph12 mph14 mph14 mph16 mph16 mph18 mph18 mphFeb 2614.6 mphFeb 2614.6 mphSep 156.0 mphSep 156.0 mphDec 1010.3 mphDec 1010.3 mphApr 3010.3 mphApr 3010.3 mphNowNow
The average of mean hourly wind speeds (dark gray line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Wind Speed (mph) 13.414.414.212.38.16.46.86.46.06.78.210.9

The predominant average hourly wind direction in Panamá varies throughout the year.

The wind is most often from the south for 3.9 weeks, from September 23 to October 20, with a peak percentage of 39% on October 6. The wind is most often from the north for 11 months, from October 20 to September 23, with a peak percentage of 96% on January 1.

Wind Direction in Panamá

Wind Direction in PanamáNSNJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%20%80%40%60%60%40%80%20%100%0%NowNowsouthnorthwesteast
northeastsouthwest
The percentage of hours in which the mean wind direction is from each of the four cardinal wind directions, excluding hours in which the mean wind speed is less than 1.0 mph. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries are the percentage of hours spent in the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

Panamá is located near a large body of water (e.g., ocean, sea, or large lake). This section reports on the wide-area average surface temperature of that water.

The average water temperature experiences some seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The time of year with warmer water lasts for 5.8 months, from May 10 to November 3, with an average temperature above 82°F. The month of the year in Panamá with the warmest water is June, with an average temperature of 84°F.

The time of year with cooler water lasts for 2.1 months, from February 1 to April 3, with an average temperature below 79°F. The month of the year in Panamá with the coolest water is March, with an average temperature of 78°F.

Average Water Temperature in Panamá

Average Water Temperature in PanamáwarmcoolJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec76°F76°F78°F78°F80°F80°F82°F82°F84°F84°F86°F86°FJun 1284°FJun 1284°F78°FMar 478°FMar 4May 1082°FMay 1082°FNov 382°FNov 382°FFeb 179°FFeb 179°FApr 379°FApr 379°FNowNow
The daily average water temperature (purple line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.
WaterJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Temperature 80°F78°F78°F80°F83°F84°F83°F83°F83°F83°F82°F82°F

To characterize how pleasant the weather is in Panamá throughout the year, we compute two travel scores.

The tourism score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 65°F and 80°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Panamá for general outdoor tourist activities is from mid December to mid March, with a peak score in the third week of January.

Tourism Score in Panamá

Tourism Score in Panamábest timeJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec002244668810104.74.72.82.83.23.2NowNowtemperaturetemperature cloudscloudsprecipitationprecipitationtourism score
The tourism score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).

The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 75°F and 90°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Panamá for hot-weather activities is from late December to late March, with a peak score in the last week of January.

Beach/Pool Score in Panamá

Beach/Pool Score in Panamábest timeJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec002244668810106.76.74.14.14.54.5NowNowtemperaturetemperature cloudscloudsprecipitationprecipitationbeach/pool score
The beach/pool score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).

Methodology

For each hour between 8:00 AM and 9:00 PM of each day in the analysis period (1980 to 2016), independent scores are computed for perceived temperature, cloud cover, and total precipitation. Those scores are combined into a single hourly composite score, which is then aggregated into days, averaged over all the years in the analysis period, and smoothed.

Our cloud cover score is 10 for fully clear skies, falling linearly to 9 for mostly clear skies, and to 1 for fully overcast skies.

Our precipitation score, which is based on the three-hour precipitation centered on the hour in question, is 10 for no precipitation, falling linearly to 9 for trace precipitation, and to 0 for 0.04 inches of precipitation or more.

Our tourism temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 50°F, rising linearly to 9 for 65°F, to 10 for 75°F, falling linearly to 9 for 80°F, and to 1 for 90°F or hotter.

Our beach/pool temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 65°F, rising linearly to 9 for 75°F, to 10 for 82°F, falling linearly to 9 for 90°F, and to 1 for 100°F or hotter.

Definitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere).

Temperatures in Panamá are sufficiently warm year round that it is not entirely meaningful to discuss the growing season in these terms. We nevertheless include the chart below as an illustration of the distribution of temperatures experienced throughout the year.

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in Panamá

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in PanamáJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%100%Jan 1100%Jan 1100%Jul 2100%Jul 2NowNowwarmhotcomfortable
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The percentage of time spent in various temperature bands. The black line is the percentage chance that a given day is within the growing season.

Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F.

Growing Degree Days in Panamá

Growing Degree Days in PanamáJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0°F0°F2,000°F2,000°F4,000°F4,000°F6,000°F6,000°F8,000°F8,000°F10,000°F10,000°FJan 490°FJan 490°FJan 30900°FJan 30900°FDec 3111,117°FDec 3111,117°FNowNow
The average growing degree days accumulated over the course of the year, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The brighter period of the year lasts for 2.8 months, from January 23 to April 15, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter above 6.0 kWh. The brightest month of the year in Panamá is March, with an average of 6.6 kWh.

The darker period of the year lasts for 5.5 months, from May 21 to November 6, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter below 3.7 kWh. The darkest month of the year in Panamá is July, with an average of 3.0 kWh.

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in Panamá

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in PanamábrightdarkJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 kWh0 kWh1 kWh1 kWh2 kWh2 kWh3 kWh3 kWh4 kWh4 kWh5 kWh5 kWh6 kWh6 kWh7 kWh7 kWh8 kWh8 kWhMar 196.7 kWhMar 196.7 kWhJul 243.0 kWhJul 243.0 kWhJan 236.0 kWhJan 236.0 kWhMay 213.7 kWhMay 213.7 kWhNov 63.7 kWhNov 63.7 kWhNowNow
The average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground per square meter (orange line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Solar Energy (kWh) 5.86.36.65.94.03.13.03.13.33.53.94.8

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Panamá are 8.994 deg latitude, -79.520 deg longitude, and 56 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of Panamá contains only modest variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 364 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 84 feet. Within 10 miles contains only modest variations in elevation (1,624 feet). Within 50 miles contains very significant variations in elevation (3,934 feet).

The area within 2 miles of Panamá is covered by artificial surfaces (63%), water (20%), and grassland (12%), within 10 miles by water (47%) and trees (17%), and within 50 miles by water (61%) and trees (20%).

This report illustrates the typical weather in Panamá, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016.

Temperature and Dew Point

There are 2 weather stations near enough to contribute to our estimation of the temperature and dew point in Panamá.

For each station, the records are corrected for the elevation difference between that station and Panamá according to the International Standard Atmosphere , and by the relative change present in the MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis between the two locations.

The estimated value at Panamá is computed as the weighted average of the individual contributions from each station, with weights proportional to the inverse of the distance between Panamá and a given station.

The stations contributing to this reconstruction are:

To get a sense of how much these sources agree with each other, you can view a comparison of Panamá and the stations that contribute to our estimates of its temperature history and climate. Please note that each source's contribution is adjusted for elevation and the relative change present in the MERRA-2 data.

Other Data

All data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus.

All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid.

Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database .

Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com .

Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Disclaimer

The information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site.

We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands.

We further caution that our travel scores are only as good as the data that underpin them, that weather conditions at any given location and time are unpredictable and variable, and that the definition of the scores reflects a particular set of preferences that may not agree with those of any particular reader.

Please review our full terms contained on our Terms of Service page.