Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park United States

The climate in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park is comfortable, windy, and partly cloudy. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 52°F to 77°F and is rarely below 48°F or above 79°F.

Based on the tourism score, the best time of year to visit Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park for warm-weather activities is from late June to mid September.

The temperature in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park varies so little throughout the year that it is not entirely meaningful to discuss hot and cold seasons.

In Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The clearer part of the year in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park begins around May 13 and lasts for 4.2 months, ending around September 19.

The clearest month of the year in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park is August, during which on average the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 74% of the time.

The cloudier part of the year begins around September 19 and lasts for 7.8 months, ending around May 13.

The cloudiest month of the year in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park is October, during which on average the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 47% of the time.

A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. The chance of wet days in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park varies throughout the year.

The wetter season lasts 7.8 months, from November 28 to July 20, with a greater than 29% chance of a given day being a wet day. The month with the most wet days in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park is March, with an average of 10.0 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

The drier season lasts 4.2 months, from July 20 to November 28. The month with the fewest wet days in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park is May, with an average of 7.9 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. The month with the most days of rain alone in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park is March, with an average of 10.0 days. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation throughout the year is rain alone, with a peak probability of 34% on March 26.

Rainfall

To show variation within the months and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park experiences extreme seasonal variation in monthly rainfall.

Rain falls throughout the year in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park. The month with the most rain in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park is April, with an average rainfall of 7.0 inches.

The month with the least rain in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park is June, with an average rainfall of 2.4 inches.

The length of the day in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park varies over the course of the year. In 2024, the shortest day is December 20, with 10 hours, 58 minutes of daylight; the longest day is June 20, with 13 hours, 18 minutes of daylight.

The earliest sunrise is at 5:42 AM on June 6, and the latest sunrise is 1 hour, 16 minutes later at 6:58 AM on January 18. The earliest sunset is at 5:41 PM on November 25, and the latest sunset is 1 hour, 23 minutes later at 7:03 PM on July 5.

Daylight saving time (DST) is not observed in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park during 2024.

The figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases.

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park experiences some seasonal variation in the perceived humidity.

The muggier period of the year lasts for 5.0 months, from June 22 to November 24, during which time the comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable at least 7% of the time. The month with the most muggy days in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park is August, with 7.9 days that are muggy or worse.

The month with the fewest muggy days in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park is February, with 0.1 days that are muggy or worse.

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The average hourly wind speed in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park experiences mild seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The windier part of the year lasts for 1.9 months, from March 7 to May 3, with average wind speeds of more than 10.0 miles per hour. The windiest month of the year in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park is April, with an average hourly wind speed of 10.7 miles per hour.

The calmer time of year lasts for 10 months, from May 3 to March 7. The calmest month of the year in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park is January, with an average hourly wind speed of 9.1 miles per hour.

The predominant average hourly wind direction in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park is from the east throughout the year.

Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park is located near a large body of water (e.g., ocean, sea, or large lake). This section reports on the wide-area average surface temperature of that water.

The average water temperature experiences some seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The time of year with warmer water lasts for 3.2 months, from July 29 to November 5, with an average temperature above 79°F. The month of the year in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park with the warmest water is September, with an average temperature of 80°F.

The time of year with cooler water lasts for 4.0 months, from January 6 to May 7, with an average temperature below 77°F. The month of the year in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park with the coolest water is March, with an average temperature of 76°F.

To characterize how pleasant the weather is in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park throughout the year, we compute two travel scores.

The tourism score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 65°F and 80°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park for general outdoor tourist activities is from late June to mid September, with a peak score in the last week of July.

The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 75°F and 90°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park for hot-weather activities is from early July to early September, with a peak score in the last week of July.

Methodology

For each hour between 8:00 AM and 9:00 PM of each day in the analysis period (1980 to 2016), independent scores are computed for perceived temperature, cloud cover, and total precipitation. Those scores are combined into a single hourly composite score, which is then aggregated into days, averaged over all the years in the analysis period, and smoothed.

Our cloud cover score is 10 for fully clear skies, falling linearly to 9 for mostly clear skies, and to 1 for fully overcast skies.

Our precipitation score, which is based on the three-hour precipitation centered on the hour in question, is 10 for no precipitation, falling linearly to 9 for trace precipitation, and to 0 for 0.04 inches of precipitation or more.

Our tourism temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 50°F, rising linearly to 9 for 65°F, to 10 for 75°F, falling linearly to 9 for 80°F, and to 1 for 90°F or hotter.

Our beach/pool temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 65°F, rising linearly to 9 for 75°F, to 10 for 82°F, falling linearly to 9 for 90°F, and to 1 for 100°F or hotter.

Definitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere).

Temperatures in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park are sufficiently warm year round that it is not entirely meaningful to discuss the growing season in these terms. We nevertheless include the chart below as an illustration of the distribution of temperatures experienced throughout the year.

Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy experiences some seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The brighter period of the year lasts for 4.5 months, from April 19 to September 3, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter above 6.8 kWh. The brightest month of the year in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park is July, with an average of 7.3 kWh.

The darker period of the year lasts for 2.6 months, from November 5 to January 26, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter below 5.0 kWh. The darkest month of the year in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park is December, with an average of 4.5 kWh.

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park are 19.419 deg latitude, -155.288 deg longitude, and 0 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park is essentially flat, with a maximum elevation change of 0 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 0 feet. Within 10 miles is also essentially flat (0 feet). Within 50 miles is also essentially flat (0 feet).

The area within 2 miles of Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park is covered by bare soil (45%) and shrubs (35%), within 10 miles by shrubs (34%) and trees (33%), and within 50 miles by water (53%) and shrubs (14%).