1. WeatherSpark.com
  2. Japan

Climate and Average Weather Year Round at Matsushima Ab Japan

At Matsushima Ab, the summers are warm, muggy, wet, and mostly cloudy and the winters are very cold, snowy, windy, and mostly clear. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 27°F to 80°F and is rarely below 20°F or above 86°F.

Based on the tourism score, the best time of year to visit Matsushima Ab for warm-weather activities is from mid July to mid September.

Climate at Matsushima Ab

very coldcoldcoolcomfortablewarmcoolcoldJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecNowNow71%71%38%38%clearovercastprecipitation: 5.5 inprecipitation: 5.5 in1.4 in1.4 inmuggy: 84%muggy: 84%0%0%drydrytourism score: 6.7tourism score: 6.70.00.0
Matsushima Ab weather by month. Click on each chart for more information.

The warm season lasts for 3.0 months, from June 24 to September 24, with an average daily high temperature above 72°F. The hottest month of the year at Matsushima Ab is August, with an average high of 79°F and low of 70°F.

The cold season lasts for 3.4 months, from December 6 to March 17, with an average daily high temperature below 48°F. The coldest month of the year at Matsushima Ab is January, with an average low of 28°F and high of 40°F.

Average High and Low Temperature at Matsushima Ab

Average High and Low Temperature at Matsushima AbwarmcoldcoldJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0°F0°F10°F10°F20°F20°F30°F30°F40°F40°F50°F50°F60°F60°F70°F70°F80°F80°F90°F90°F100°F100°FJan 2840°FJan 2840°FAug 980°FAug 980°F27°F27°F71°F71°FJun 2472°FJun 2472°FSep 2472°FSep 2472°FDec 648°FDec 648°FMar 1748°FMar 1748°F63°F63°F60°F60°F34°F34°F33°F33°FNowNow
The daily average high (red line) and low (blue line) temperature, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted lines are the corresponding average perceived temperatures.
AverageJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
High 40°F41°F48°F57°F65°F70°F76°F79°F74°F65°F55°F45°F
Temp. 33°F34°F40°F49°F58°F65°F71°F74°F68°F58°F47°F38°F
Low 28°F28°F34°F43°F53°F61°F67°F70°F63°F51°F40°F32°F

The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the entire year of hourly average temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day of the year, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.

Average Hourly Temperature at Matsushima Ab

Average Hourly Temperature at Matsushima AbJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec12 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AMNowNowfreezingvery coldvery coldcoldcoldcoolcoolcomfortablewarmfreezing
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The average hourly temperature, color coded into bands. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

Montauk, New York, United States (6,570 miles away) is the far-away foreign place with temperatures most similar to Matsushima Ab (view comparison).

Map
Marker
© OpenStreetMap contributors

Compare Matsushima Ab to another city:

Map

At Matsushima Ab, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The clearer part of the year at Matsushima Ab begins around October 7 and lasts for 5.8 months, ending around April 2.

The clearest month of the year at Matsushima Ab is December, during which on average the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 69% of the time.

The cloudier part of the year begins around April 2 and lasts for 6.2 months, ending around October 7.

The cloudiest month of the year at Matsushima Ab is July, during which on average the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 60% of the time.

Cloud Cover Categories at Matsushima Ab

Cloud Cover Categories at Matsushima AbclearerclearercloudierJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%Dec 2671%Dec 2671%Jul 238%Jul 238%Oct 754%Oct 754%Apr 254%Apr 254%NowNowclearmostly clearmostly cloudyovercastpartly cloudy
0% clear 20% mostly clear 40% partly cloudy 60% mostly cloudy 80% overcast 100%
The percentage of time spent in each cloud cover band, categorized by the percentage of the sky covered by clouds.
FractionJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Cloudier 33%37%43%48%53%58%60%53%53%40%33%31%
Clearer 67%63%57%52%47%42%40%47%47%60%67%69%

A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. The chance of wet days at Matsushima Ab varies throughout the year.

The wetter season lasts 3.9 months, from June 12 to October 8, with a greater than 31% chance of a given day being a wet day. The month with the most wet days at Matsushima Ab is July, with an average of 12.5 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

The drier season lasts 8.1 months, from October 8 to June 12. The month with the fewest wet days at Matsushima Ab is January, with an average of 5.6 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. The month with the most days of rain alone at Matsushima Ab is July, with an average of 12.5 days. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation throughout the year is rain alone, with a peak probability of 45% on July 8.

Daily Chance of Precipitation at Matsushima Ab

Daily Chance of Precipitation at Matsushima AbwetdrydryJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%80%80%90%90%100%100%Jul 845%Jul 845%Jan 2317%Jan 2317%Jun 1231%Jun 1231%Oct 831%Oct 831%NowNowrainmixed
The percentage of days in which various types of precipitation are observed, excluding trace quantities: rain alone, snow alone, and mixed (both rain and snow fell in the same day).
Days ofJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Rain 3.4d3.5d6.4d8.3d9.0d10.2d12.5d10.9d11.4d9.0d7.7d5.4d
Mixed 1.6d1.4d0.8d0.2d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.2d1.0d
Snow 0.6d0.6d0.2d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.2d
Any 5.6d5.4d7.4d8.5d9.0d10.2d12.5d10.9d11.4d9.1d7.9d6.7d

To show variation within the months and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Matsushima Ab experiences extreme seasonal variation in monthly rainfall.

Rain falls throughout the year at Matsushima Ab. The month with the most rain at Matsushima Ab is September, with an average rainfall of 5.5 inches.

The month with the least rain at Matsushima Ab is January, with an average rainfall of 1.1 inches.

Average Monthly Rainfall at Matsushima Ab

Average Monthly Rainfall at Matsushima AbJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 in0 in2 in2 in4 in4 in6 in6 in8 in8 in10 in10 inSep 125.5 inSep 125.5 inJan 261.1 inJan 261.1 inJul 45.5 inJul 45.5 inApr 303.5 inApr 303.5 inNowNow
The average rainfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average snowfall.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Rainfall 1.1″1.4″2.3″3.3″3.4″4.3″5.1″4.4″5.5″4.0″2.6″1.7″

Snowfall

As with rainfall, we consider the snowfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Matsushima Ab experiences some seasonal variation in monthly snowfall.

The snowy period of the year lasts for 3.2 months, from December 12 to March 20, with a sliding 31-day snowfall of at least 1.0 inches. The month with the most snow at Matsushima Ab is January, with an average snowfall of 2.9 inches.

The snowless period of the year lasts for 8.8 months, from March 20 to December 12. The least snow falls around July 30, with an average total accumulation of 0.0 inches.

Average Monthly Snowfall at Matsushima Ab

Average Monthly Snowfall at Matsushima AbsnowJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 in0 in2 in2 in4 in4 in6 in6 in8 in8 in10 in10 inJan 313.4 inJan 313.4 inJul 300.0 inJul 300.0 inDec 121.0 inDec 121.0 inMar 201.0 inMar 201.0 in
The average snowfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average rainfall.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Snowfall 2.9″2.7″1.2″0.1″0.0″0.0″0.0″0.0″0.0″0.0″0.2″1.2″

The length of the day at Matsushima Ab varies significantly over the course of the year. In 2024, the shortest day is December 21, with 9 hours, 29 minutes of daylight; the longest day is June 21, with 14 hours, 51 minutes of daylight.

Hours of Daylight and Twilight at Matsushima Ab

Hours of Daylight and Twilight at Matsushima AbJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 hr24 hr4 hr20 hr8 hr16 hr12 hr12 hr16 hr8 hr20 hr4 hr24 hr0 hr12 hr, 8 minMar 2012 hr, 8 minMar 2014 hr, 51 minJun 2114 hr, 51 minJun 2112 hr, 9 minSep 2212 hr, 9 minSep 229 hr, 29 minDec 219 hr, 29 minDec 21nightnightdayNowNow
The number of hours during which the Sun is visible (black line). From bottom (most yellow) to top (most gray), the color bands indicate: full daylight, twilight (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and full night.
Hours ofJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Daylight 9.8h10.8h12.0h13.2h14.3h14.8h14.5h13.6h12.4h11.2h10.1h9.5h

The earliest sunrise is at 4:10 AM on June 14, and the latest sunrise is 2 hours, 42 minutes later at 6:52 AM on January 6. The earliest sunset is at 4:14 PM on December 7, and the latest sunset is 2 hours, 49 minutes later at 7:03 PM on June 28.

Daylight saving time (DST) is not observed at Matsushima Ab during 2024.

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight at Matsushima Ab

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight at Matsushima AbJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec12 AM2 AM4 AM6 AM8 AM10 AM12 PM2 PM4 PM6 PM8 PM10 PMJun 144:10 AMJun 144:10 AM7:03 PMJun 287:03 PMJun 28Dec 74:14 PMDec 74:14 PM6:52 AMJan 66:52 AMJan 6daynightnightnightnightSolarMidnightSolarMidnightSolarNoonSunriseSunsetNowNow
The solar day over the course of the year 2024. From bottom to top, the black lines are the previous solar midnight, sunrise, solar noon, sunset, and the next solar midnight. The day, twilights (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and night are indicated by the color bands from yellow to gray.

The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation.

Solar Elevation and Azimuth at Matsushima Ab

Solar Elevation and Azimuth at Matsushima AbJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec12 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AM0000101010102020202030303030404040505050606070000010101010202020203030304040505060702875NowNow
northeastsouthwest
Solar elevation and azimuth over the course of the year 2024. The black lines are lines of constant solar elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon, in degrees). The background color fills indicate the azimuth (the compass bearing) of the sun. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries of the cardinal compass points indicate the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

The figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases.

Moon Rise, Set & Phases at Matsushima Ab

The time in which the moon is above the horizon (light blue area), with new moons (dark gray lines) and full moons (blue lines) indicated. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

Matsushima Ab experiences extreme seasonal variation in the perceived humidity.

The muggier period of the year lasts for 3.1 months, from June 20 to September 24, during which time the comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable at least 21% of the time. The month with the most muggy days at Matsushima Ab is August, with 24.4 days that are muggy or worse.

The least muggy day of the year is February 16, when muggy conditions are essentially unheard of.

Humidity Comfort Levels at Matsushima Ab

Humidity Comfort Levels at Matsushima AbmuggyJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%80%80%90%90%100%100%Feb 160%Feb 160%84%Aug 784%Aug 7Jun 2021%Jun 2021%Sep 2421%Sep 2421%NowNowoppressiveoppressivemuggymuggydrydryhumidhumidmiserablemiserable
dry 55°F comfortable 60°F humid 65°F muggy 70°F oppressive 75°F miserable
The percentage of time spent at various humidity comfort levels, categorized by dew point.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Muggy days 0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.1d4.9d19.5d24.4d11.1d1.0d0.0d0.0d

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The average hourly wind speed at Matsushima Ab experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The windier part of the year lasts for 5.9 months, from October 30 to April 27, with average wind speeds of more than 10.6 miles per hour. The windiest month of the year at Matsushima Ab is January, with an average hourly wind speed of 13.4 miles per hour.

The calmer time of year lasts for 6.1 months, from April 27 to October 30. The calmest month of the year at Matsushima Ab is July, with an average hourly wind speed of 7.7 miles per hour.

Average Wind Speed at Matsushima Ab

Average Wind Speed at Matsushima AbwindywindyJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 mph0 mph2 mph2 mph4 mph4 mph6 mph6 mph8 mph8 mph10 mph10 mph12 mph12 mph14 mph14 mph16 mph16 mph18 mph18 mph20 mph20 mph22 mph22 mphJan 1913.5 mphJan 1913.5 mphJul 277.6 mphJul 277.6 mphOct 3010.6 mphOct 3010.6 mphApr 2710.6 mphApr 2710.6 mphNowNow
The average of mean hourly wind speeds (dark gray line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Wind Speed (mph) 13.413.312.511.19.58.27.78.19.210.211.212.6

The predominant average hourly wind direction at Matsushima Ab varies throughout the year.

The wind is most often from the south for 4.1 months, from May 13 to September 15, with a peak percentage of 42% on August 6. The wind is most often from the east for 1.6 weeks, from September 15 to September 26, with a peak percentage of 30% on September 16. The wind is most often from the west for 7.6 months, from September 26 to May 13, with a peak percentage of 66% on January 1.

Wind Direction at Matsushima Ab

Wind Direction at Matsushima AbWSEWJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%20%80%40%60%60%40%80%20%100%0%NowNowwestsoutheastnorth
northeastsouthwest
The percentage of hours in which the mean wind direction is from each of the four cardinal wind directions, excluding hours in which the mean wind speed is less than 1.0 mph. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries are the percentage of hours spent in the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

Matsushima Ab is located near a large body of water (e.g., ocean, sea, or large lake). This section reports on the wide-area average surface temperature of that water.

The average water temperature experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The time of year with warmer water lasts for 2.7 months, from July 14 to October 5, with an average temperature above 68°F. The month of the year at Matsushima Ab with the warmest water is August, with an average temperature of 73°F.

The time of year with cooler water lasts for 3.5 months, from January 12 to April 26, with an average temperature below 52°F. The month of the year at Matsushima Ab with the coolest water is March, with an average temperature of 47°F.

Average Water Temperature at Matsushima Ab

Average Water Temperature at Matsushima AbwarmcoolJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec40°F40°F45°F45°F50°F50°F55°F55°F60°F60°F65°F65°F70°F70°F75°F75°F80°F80°FAug 2174°FAug 2174°F46°FMar 946°FMar 9Jul 1468°FJul 1468°FOct 568°FOct 568°FJan 1252°FJan 1252°FApr 2652°FApr 2652°F
The daily average water temperature (purple line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.
WaterJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Temperature 51°F48°F47°F50°F56°F63°F69°F73°F72°F66°F61°F56°F

To characterize how pleasant the weather is at Matsushima Ab throughout the year, we compute two travel scores.

The tourism score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 65°F and 80°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Matsushima Ab for general outdoor tourist activities is from mid July to mid September, with a peak score in the second week of August.

Tourism Score at Matsushima Ab

Tourism Score at Matsushima Abbest timeJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec002244668810106.76.70.00.0NowNowtemperaturetemperature cloudscloudsprecipitationprecipitationtourism score
The tourism score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).

The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 75°F and 90°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Matsushima Ab for hot-weather activities is from late July to late August, with a peak score in the first week of August.

Beach/Pool Score at Matsushima Ab

Beach/Pool Score at Matsushima AbJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec002244668810105.65.60.00.0NowNowtemperaturetemperature cloudscloudsprecipitationprecipitationbeach/pool score
The beach/pool score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).

Methodology

For each hour between 8:00 AM and 9:00 PM of each day in the analysis period (1980 to 2016), independent scores are computed for perceived temperature, cloud cover, and total precipitation. Those scores are combined into a single hourly composite score, which is then aggregated into days, averaged over all the years in the analysis period, and smoothed.

Our cloud cover score is 10 for fully clear skies, falling linearly to 9 for mostly clear skies, and to 1 for fully overcast skies.

Our precipitation score, which is based on the three-hour precipitation centered on the hour in question, is 10 for no precipitation, falling linearly to 9 for trace precipitation, and to 0 for 0.04 inches of precipitation or more.

Our tourism temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 50°F, rising linearly to 9 for 65°F, to 10 for 75°F, falling linearly to 9 for 80°F, and to 1 for 90°F or hotter.

Our beach/pool temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 65°F, rising linearly to 9 for 75°F, to 10 for 82°F, falling linearly to 9 for 90°F, and to 1 for 100°F or hotter.

Definitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere).

The growing season at Matsushima Ab typically lasts for 7.5 months (231 days), from around April 3 to around November 19, rarely starting before March 17 or after April 19, and rarely ending before November 3 or after December 5.

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season at Matsushima Ab

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season at Matsushima Abgrowing seasonJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%50%Apr 350%Apr 350%Nov 1950%Nov 1990%Apr 1990%Apr 1990%Nov 390%Nov 310%Mar 1710%Mar 1710%Dec 510%Dec 5Jul 27100%Jul 27100%freezingvery coldcoldcoolcomfortablewarmhot
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The percentage of time spent in various temperature bands. The black line is the percentage chance that a given day is within the growing season.

Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F.

Based on growing degree days alone, the first spring blooms at Matsushima Ab should appear around April 30, only rarely appearing before April 22 or after May 8.

Growing Degree Days at Matsushima Ab

Growing Degree Days at Matsushima AbJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0°F0°F500°F500°F1,000°F1,000°F1,500°F1,500°F2,000°F2,000°F2,500°F2,500°F3,000°F3,000°FApr 3089°FApr 3089°FJul 7900°FJul 7900°FAug 151,800°FAug 151,800°FDec 313,065°FDec 313,065°F
The average growing degree days accumulated over the course of the year, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The brighter period of the year lasts for 4.2 months, from April 15 to August 21, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter above 5.4 kWh. The brightest month of the year at Matsushima Ab is June, with an average of 6.0 kWh.

The darker period of the year lasts for 3.1 months, from November 8 to February 11, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter below 2.9 kWh. The darkest month of the year at Matsushima Ab is December, with an average of 2.1 kWh.

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy at Matsushima Ab

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy at Matsushima AbbrightdarkdarkJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 kWh0 kWh1 kWh1 kWh2 kWh2 kWh3 kWh3 kWh4 kWh4 kWh5 kWh5 kWh6 kWh6 kWh7 kWh7 kWh8 kWh8 kWh9 kWh9 kWhJun 16.2 kWhJun 16.2 kWhDec 222.0 kWhDec 222.0 kWhApr 155.4 kWhApr 155.4 kWhAug 215.4 kWhAug 215.4 kWhFeb 112.9 kWhFeb 112.9 kWhNowNow
The average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground per square meter (orange line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Solar Energy (kWh) 2.33.04.25.36.06.05.85.54.43.52.62.1

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Matsushima Ab are 38.405 deg latitude, 141.220 deg longitude, and 3 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of Matsushima Ab is essentially flat, with a maximum elevation change of 59 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 5 feet. Within 10 miles is essentially flat (1,532 feet). Within 50 miles contains very significant variations in elevation (6,148 feet).

The area within 2 miles of Matsushima Ab is covered by cropland (51%) and water (37%), within 10 miles by water (53%) and cropland (26%), and within 50 miles by water (56%) and trees (30%).

This report illustrates the typical weather at Matsushima Ab, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016.

Temperature and Dew Point

Matsushima Ab has a weather station that reported reliably enough during the analysis period that we have included it in our network. When available, historical temperature and dew point measurements are taken directly from this weather station. These records are obtained from NOAA's Integrated Surface Hourly data set, falling back on ICAO METAR records as required.

There are no other weather stations in our network within 200 kilometers of this location. Consequently, in the case of missing or erroneous measurements from this station, we fall back on NASA's MERRA-2 modern-era reanalysis , adjusted according to typical seasonal and diurnal differences between this station and the wide-area MERRA-2 reconstructed values.

Other Data

All data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus.

All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid.

Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database .

Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com .

Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Disclaimer

The information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site.

We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands.

We further caution that our travel scores are only as good as the data that underpin them, that weather conditions at any given location and time are unpredictable and variable, and that the definition of the scores reflects a particular set of preferences that may not agree with those of any particular reader.

Please review our full terms contained on our Terms of Service page.