Climate and Average Weather Year Round at Sana'a International Airport Yemen

At Sana'a International Airport, the summers are warm, arid, and mostly cloudy and the winters are cool, dry, and mostly clear. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 43°F to 85°F and is rarely below 37°F or above 88°F.

Based on the tourism score, the best times of year to visit Sana'a International Airport for warm-weather activities are from mid February to mid May and from mid August to late October.

The warm season lasts for 3.4 months, from May 23 to September 4, with an average daily high temperature above 83°F. The hottest month of the year at Sana'a International Airport is June, with an average high of 85°F and low of 61°F.

The cool season lasts for 3.5 months, from October 20 to February 4, with an average daily high temperature below 75°F. The coldest month of the year at Sana'a International Airport is December, with an average low of 43°F and high of 73°F.

At Sana'a International Airport, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The clearer part of the year at Sana'a International Airport begins around August 31 and lasts for 7.9 months, ending around April 26.

The clearest month of the year at Sana'a International Airport is November, during which on average the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 79% of the time.

The cloudier part of the year begins around April 26 and lasts for 4.2 months, ending around August 31.

The cloudiest month of the year at Sana'a International Airport is June, during which on average the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 58% of the time.

Sana'a International Airport does not experience significant seasonal variation in the frequency of wet days (i.e., those with greater than 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation). The frequency ranges from 1% to 4%, with an average value of 2%.

Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. The month with the most days of rain alone at Sana'a International Airport is August, with an average of 1.0 days. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation throughout the year is rain alone, with a peak probability of 4% on August 12.

Rainfall

The sliding 31-day quantity of rainfall at Sana'a International Airport does not vary significantly over the course of the year, staying within 0.1 inches of 0.1 inches throughout.

The length of the day at Sana'a International Airport varies over the course of the year. In 2024, the shortest day is December 21, with 11 hours, 13 minutes of daylight; the longest day is June 20, with 13 hours, 3 minutes of daylight.

The earliest sunrise is at 5:31 AM on June 3, and the latest sunrise is 1 hour, 2 minutes later at 6:33 AM on January 22. The earliest sunset is at 5:29 PM on November 21, and the latest sunset is 1 hour, 9 minutes later at 6:38 PM on July 7.

Daylight saving time (DST) is not observed at Sana'a International Airport during 2024.

The figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases.

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

The perceived humidity level at Sana'a International Airport, as measured by the percentage of time in which the humidity comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable, does not vary significantly over the course of the year, remaining a virtually constant 0% throughout.

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The average hourly wind speed at Sana'a International Airport experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The windier part of the year lasts for 5.0 months, from May 19 to October 18, with average wind speeds of more than 6.2 miles per hour. The windiest month of the year at Sana'a International Airport is July, with an average hourly wind speed of 7.8 miles per hour.

The calmer time of year lasts for 7.0 months, from October 18 to May 19. The calmest month of the year at Sana'a International Airport is December, with an average hourly wind speed of 4.5 miles per hour.

The predominant average hourly wind direction at Sana'a International Airport varies throughout the year.

The wind is most often from the north for 3.4 months, from June 4 to September 15, with a peak percentage of 61% on August 25. The wind is most often from the east for 8.6 months, from September 15 to June 4, with a peak percentage of 55% on January 1.

To characterize how pleasant the weather is at Sana'a International Airport throughout the year, we compute two travel scores.

The tourism score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 65°F and 80°F. Based on this score, the best times of year to visit Sana'a International Airport for general outdoor tourist activities are from mid February to mid May and from mid August to late October, with a peak score in the third week of September.

The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 75°F and 90°F. Based on this score, the best times of year to visit Sana'a International Airport for hot-weather activities are from mid May to mid July and from early August to late September, with a peak score in the last week of August.

Methodology

For each hour between 8:00 AM and 9:00 PM of each day in the analysis period (1980 to 2016), independent scores are computed for perceived temperature, cloud cover, and total precipitation. Those scores are combined into a single hourly composite score, which is then aggregated into days, averaged over all the years in the analysis period, and smoothed.

Our cloud cover score is 10 for fully clear skies, falling linearly to 9 for mostly clear skies, and to 1 for fully overcast skies.

Our precipitation score, which is based on the three-hour precipitation centered on the hour in question, is 10 for no precipitation, falling linearly to 9 for trace precipitation, and to 0 for 0.04 inches of precipitation or more.

Our tourism temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 50°F, rising linearly to 9 for 65°F, to 10 for 75°F, falling linearly to 9 for 80°F, and to 1 for 90°F or hotter.

Our beach/pool temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 65°F, rising linearly to 9 for 75°F, to 10 for 82°F, falling linearly to 9 for 90°F, and to 1 for 100°F or hotter.

Definitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere).

Temperatures at Sana'a International Airport are sufficiently warm year round that it is not entirely meaningful to discuss the growing season in these terms. We nevertheless include the chart below as an illustration of the distribution of temperatures experienced throughout the year.

Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy experiences some seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The brighter period of the year lasts for 1.6 months, from May 7 to June 26, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter above 7.3 kWh. The brightest month of the year at Sana'a International Airport is June, with an average of 7.5 kWh.

The darker period of the year lasts for 2.2 months, from November 18 to January 24, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter below 6.3 kWh. The darkest month of the year at Sana'a International Airport is December, with an average of 6.0 kWh.

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Sana'a International Airport are 15.476 deg latitude, 44.220 deg longitude, and 7,208 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of Sana'a International Airport contains only modest variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 167 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 7,198 feet. Within 10 miles contains only modest variations in elevation (2,566 feet). Within 50 miles contains large variations in elevation (10,325 feet).

The area within 2 miles of Sana'a International Airport is covered by bare soil (27%), artificial surfaces (22%), sparse vegetation (18%), and cropland (18%), within 10 miles by bare soil (40%) and sparse vegetation (23%), and within 50 miles by bare soil (64%) and sparse vegetation (25%).