1. WeatherSpark.com
  2. China
  3. Shandong

Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Lingcheng China

In Lingcheng, the summers are long, hot, muggy, wet, and partly cloudy and the winters are short, very cold, snowy, and mostly clear. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 27°F to 88°F and is rarely below 19°F or above 96°F.

Based on the tourism score, the best times of year to visit Lingcheng for warm-weather activities are from early May to mid June and from late August to early October.

Climate in Lingcheng

very coldcoldcoolwarmhotwarmcoolcoldJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecNowNow69%69%51%51%clearovercastprecipitation: 6.0 inprecipitation: 6.0 in0.2 in0.2 inmuggy: 95%muggy: 95%0%0%drydrytourism score: 7.2tourism score: 7.20.00.0
Lingcheng weather by month. Click on each chart for more information.

The hot season lasts for 4.2 months, from May 12 to September 18, with an average daily high temperature above 79°F. The hottest month of the year in Lingcheng is July, with an average high of 88°F and low of 76°F.

The cold season lasts for 2.9 months, from November 27 to February 24, with an average daily high temperature below 50°F. The coldest month of the year in Lingcheng is January, with an average low of 27°F and high of 41°F.

Average High and Low Temperature in Lingcheng

Average High and Low Temperature in LingchenghotcoldcoldJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0°F0°F10°F10°F20°F20°F30°F30°F40°F40°F50°F50°F60°F60°F70°F70°F80°F80°F90°F90°F100°F100°FJan 1140°FJan 1140°FJul 1488°FJul 1488°F27°F27°F76°F76°FMay 1279°FMay 1279°FSep 1879°FSep 1879°FNov 2750°FNov 2750°FFeb 2450°FFeb 2450°F63°F63°F64°F64°F36°F36°F34°F34°FNowNow
The daily average high (red line) and low (blue line) temperature, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted lines are the corresponding average perceived temperatures.
AverageJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
High 41°F47°F57°F70°F80°F87°F88°F86°F79°F70°F55°F44°F
Temp. 33°F39°F49°F62°F72°F79°F82°F80°F72°F62°F49°F37°F
Low 27°F32°F42°F54°F64°F72°F76°F73°F65°F55°F41°F30°F

The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the entire year of hourly average temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day of the year, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.

Average Hourly Temperature in Lingcheng

Average Hourly Temperature in LingchengJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec12 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AMNowNowfreezingvery coldvery coldcoldcoldcoolcoolwarmhotcomfortablecomfortablefreezingfreezing
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The average hourly temperature, color coded into bands. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

Lilbourn, Missouri, United States (7,178 miles away); Baltimore, Maryland, United States (7,203 miles); and Karaj, Iran (3,628 miles) are the far-away foreign places with temperatures most similar to Lingcheng (view comparison).

Map
Marker
© OpenStreetMap contributors

Compare Lingcheng to another city:

Map

In Lingcheng, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences mild seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The clearer part of the year in Lingcheng begins around August 31 and lasts for 5.3 months, ending around February 8.

The clearest month of the year in Lingcheng is December, during which on average the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 67% of the time.

The cloudier part of the year begins around February 8 and lasts for 6.7 months, ending around August 31.

The cloudiest month of the year in Lingcheng is July, during which on average the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 48% of the time.

Cloud Cover Categories in Lingcheng

Cloud Cover Categories in LingchengclearerclearercloudierJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%Dec 1769%Dec 1769%Jul 1551%Jul 1551%Aug 3160%Aug 3160%Feb 860%Feb 860%NowNowclearovercastmostly cloudypartly cloudymostly clear
0% clear 20% mostly clear 40% partly cloudy 60% mostly cloudy 80% overcast 100%
The percentage of time spent in each cloud cover band, categorized by the percentage of the sky covered by clouds.
FractionJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Cloudier 35%42%46%45%45%45%48%42%38%33%34%33%
Clearer 65%58%54%55%55%55%52%58%62%67%66%67%

A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. The chance of wet days in Lingcheng varies significantly throughout the year.

The wetter season lasts 2.7 months, from June 14 to September 6, with a greater than 23% chance of a given day being a wet day. The month with the most wet days in Lingcheng is July, with an average of 12.3 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

The drier season lasts 9.3 months, from September 6 to June 14. The month with the fewest wet days in Lingcheng is January, with an average of 1.0 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. The month with the most days of rain alone in Lingcheng is July, with an average of 12.3 days. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation throughout the year is rain alone, with a peak probability of 43% on July 22.

Daily Chance of Precipitation in Lingcheng

Daily Chance of Precipitation in LingchengwetdrydryJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%80%80%90%90%100%100%Jul 2243%Jul 2243%Jan 173%Jan 173%Jun 1423%Jun 1423%Sep 623%Sep 623%NowNowrain
The percentage of days in which various types of precipitation are observed, excluding trace quantities: rain alone, snow alone, and mixed (both rain and snow fell in the same day).
Days ofJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Rain 0.6d1.2d2.3d3.4d4.9d7.2d12.3d10.3d5.5d3.4d2.4d1.0d
Mixed 0.2d0.1d0.1d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.2d0.3d
Snow 0.2d0.2d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.1d0.1d
Any 1.0d1.6d2.4d3.4d4.9d7.2d12.3d10.3d5.5d3.4d2.7d1.3d

To show variation within the months and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Lingcheng experiences extreme seasonal variation in monthly rainfall.

The rainy period of the year lasts for 8.9 months, from March 1 to November 29, with a sliding 31-day rainfall of at least 0.5 inches. The month with the most rain in Lingcheng is July, with an average rainfall of 6.0 inches.

The rainless period of the year lasts for 3.1 months, from November 29 to March 1. The month with the least rain in Lingcheng is January, with an average rainfall of 0.1 inches.

Average Monthly Rainfall in Lingcheng

Average Monthly Rainfall in LingchengrainJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 in0 in2 in2 in4 in4 in6 in6 in8 in8 in10 in10 inJul 186.0 inJul 186.0 inJan 180.1 inJan 180.1 inMar 10.5 inMar 10.5 inNov 290.5 inNov 290.5 inNowNow
The average rainfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average snowfall.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Rainfall 0.1″0.3″0.6″1.2″2.0″3.4″6.0″4.8″2.5″1.2″0.7″0.3″

The length of the day in Lingcheng varies significantly over the course of the year. In 2024, the shortest day is December 21, with 9 hours, 45 minutes of daylight; the longest day is June 21, with 14 hours, 34 minutes of daylight.

Hours of Daylight and Twilight in Lingcheng

Hours of Daylight and Twilight in LingchengJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 hr24 hr4 hr20 hr8 hr16 hr12 hr12 hr16 hr8 hr20 hr4 hr24 hr0 hr12 hr, 6 minMar 2012 hr, 6 minMar 2014 hr, 34 minJun 2114 hr, 34 minJun 2112 hr, 9 minSep 2212 hr, 9 minSep 229 hr, 45 minDec 219 hr, 45 minDec 21nightnightdayNowNow
The number of hours during which the Sun is visible (black line). From bottom (most yellow) to top (most gray), the color bands indicate: full daylight, twilight (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and full night.
Hours ofJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Daylight 10.1h10.9h12.0h13.1h14.1h14.5h14.3h13.5h12.4h11.3h10.3h9.8h

The earliest sunrise is at 4:56 AM on June 13, and the latest sunrise is 2 hours, 26 minutes later at 7:22 AM on January 7. The earliest sunset is at 4:59 PM on December 5, and the latest sunset is 2 hours, 33 minutes later at 7:31 PM on June 29.

Daylight saving time (DST) is not observed in Lingcheng during 2024.

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in Lingcheng

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in LingchengJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec12 AM2 AM4 AM6 AM8 AM10 AM12 PM2 PM4 PM6 PM8 PM10 PM12 AMJun 134:56 AMJun 134:56 AM7:31 PMJun 297:31 PMJun 29Dec 54:59 PMDec 54:59 PM7:22 AMJan 77:22 AMJan 7daynightnightnightnightSolarMidnightSolarMidnightSolarNoonSunriseSunsetNowNow
The solar day over the course of the year 2024. From bottom to top, the black lines are the previous solar midnight, sunrise, solar noon, sunset, and the next solar midnight. The day, twilights (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and night are indicated by the color bands from yellow to gray.

The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation.

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in Lingcheng

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in LingchengJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec12 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AM00001010101020202020303030304040405050506060700000101010102020202030303030404040505060703178NowNow
northeastsouthwest
Solar elevation and azimuth over the course of the year 2024. The black lines are lines of constant solar elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon, in degrees). The background color fills indicate the azimuth (the compass bearing) of the sun. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries of the cardinal compass points indicate the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

The figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases.

Moon Rise, Set & Phases in Lingcheng

The time in which the moon is above the horizon (light blue area), with new moons (dark gray lines) and full moons (blue lines) indicated. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

Lingcheng experiences extreme seasonal variation in the perceived humidity.

The muggier period of the year lasts for 3.3 months, from June 7 to September 17, during which time the comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable at least 24% of the time. The month with the most muggy days in Lingcheng is July, with 27.3 days that are muggy or worse.

The least muggy day of the year is January 31, when muggy conditions are essentially unheard of.

Humidity Comfort Levels in Lingcheng

Humidity Comfort Levels in LingchengmuggyJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%80%80%90%90%100%100%Jan 310%Jan 310%95%Jul 2795%Jul 27Jun 724%Jun 724%Sep 1724%Sep 1724%NowNowmiserablemiserableoppressiveoppressivedrydryhumidhumid
dry 55°F comfortable 60°F humid 65°F muggy 70°F oppressive 75°F miserable
The percentage of time spent at various humidity comfort levels, categorized by dew point.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Muggy days 0.0d0.0d0.0d0.5d2.6d12.0d27.3d25.6d8.8d0.7d0.0d0.0d

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The average hourly wind speed in Lingcheng experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The windier part of the year lasts for 4.2 months, from February 14 to June 20, with average wind speeds of more than 8.2 miles per hour. The windiest month of the year in Lingcheng is April, with an average hourly wind speed of 9.7 miles per hour.

The calmer time of year lasts for 7.8 months, from June 20 to February 14. The calmest month of the year in Lingcheng is August, with an average hourly wind speed of 6.7 miles per hour.

Average Wind Speed in Lingcheng

Average Wind Speed in LingchengwindyJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 mph0 mph2 mph2 mph4 mph4 mph6 mph6 mph8 mph8 mph10 mph10 mph12 mph12 mph14 mph14 mph16 mph16 mphApr 2910.0 mphApr 2910.0 mphAug 296.4 mphAug 296.4 mphFeb 148.2 mphFeb 148.2 mphJun 208.2 mphJun 208.2 mphNowNow
The average of mean hourly wind speeds (dark gray line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Wind Speed (mph) 7.68.39.29.79.38.27.36.76.77.47.97.7

The predominant average hourly wind direction in Lingcheng varies throughout the year.

The wind is most often from the east for 4.3 weeks, from August 8 to September 7, with a peak percentage of 39% on August 18. The wind is most often from the south for 3.3 months, from September 7 to December 17 and for 7.5 months, from December 24 to August 8, with a peak percentage of 40% on October 20. The wind is most often from the north for 1.0 weeks, from December 17 to December 24, with a peak percentage of 33% on December 19.

Wind Direction in Lingcheng

Wind Direction in LingchengSESJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%20%80%40%60%60%40%80%20%100%0%NowNowsoutheastnorthwest
northeastsouthwest
The percentage of hours in which the mean wind direction is from each of the four cardinal wind directions, excluding hours in which the mean wind speed is less than 1.0 mph. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries are the percentage of hours spent in the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

To characterize how pleasant the weather is in Lingcheng throughout the year, we compute two travel scores.

The tourism score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 65°F and 80°F. Based on this score, the best times of year to visit Lingcheng for general outdoor tourist activities are from early May to mid June and from late August to early October, with a peak score in the third week of September.

Tourism Score in Lingcheng

Tourism Score in Lingchengbest timeJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec002244668810107.27.20.00.06.96.94.64.6NowNowtemperaturetemperature cloudscloudsprecipitationprecipitationtourism score
The tourism score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).

The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 75°F and 90°F. Based on this score, the best times of year to visit Lingcheng for hot-weather activities are from late May to mid July and from late July to early September, with a peak score in the third week of June.

Beach/Pool Score in Lingcheng

Beach/Pool Score in Lingchengbest timeJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec002244668810106.56.50.00.06.46.45.85.8NowNowtemperaturetemperature cloudscloudsprecipitationprecipitationbeach/pool score
The beach/pool score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).

Methodology

For each hour between 8:00 AM and 9:00 PM of each day in the analysis period (1980 to 2016), independent scores are computed for perceived temperature, cloud cover, and total precipitation. Those scores are combined into a single hourly composite score, which is then aggregated into days, averaged over all the years in the analysis period, and smoothed.

Our cloud cover score is 10 for fully clear skies, falling linearly to 9 for mostly clear skies, and to 1 for fully overcast skies.

Our precipitation score, which is based on the three-hour precipitation centered on the hour in question, is 10 for no precipitation, falling linearly to 9 for trace precipitation, and to 0 for 0.04 inches of precipitation or more.

Our tourism temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 50°F, rising linearly to 9 for 65°F, to 10 for 75°F, falling linearly to 9 for 80°F, and to 1 for 90°F or hotter.

Our beach/pool temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 65°F, rising linearly to 9 for 75°F, to 10 for 82°F, falling linearly to 9 for 90°F, and to 1 for 100°F or hotter.

Definitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere).

The growing season in Lingcheng typically lasts for 8.1 months (250 days), from around March 13 to around November 18, rarely starting before February 24 or after March 30, and rarely ending before November 1 or after December 4.

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in Lingcheng

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in Lingchenggrowing seasonJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%50%Mar 1350%Mar 1350%Nov 1850%Nov 1890%Mar 3090%Mar 3090%Nov 190%Nov 110%Feb 2410%Feb 2410%Dec 410%Dec 40%Jan 170%Jan 17Jul 15100%Jul 15100%NowNowfreezingvery coldcomfortablewarmhotcoolcold
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The percentage of time spent in various temperature bands. The black line is the percentage chance that a given day is within the growing season.

Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F.

Based on growing degree days alone, the first spring blooms in Lingcheng should appear around March 21, only rarely appearing before March 11 or after April 1.

Growing Degree Days in Lingcheng

Growing Degree Days in LingchengJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0°F0°F1,000°F1,000°F2,000°F2,000°F3,000°F3,000°F4,000°F4,000°F5,000°F5,000°FMar 2184°FMar 2184°FMay 19900°FMay 19900°FDec 315,044°FDec 315,044°FNowNow
The average growing degree days accumulated over the course of the year, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The brighter period of the year lasts for 3.3 months, from April 13 to July 23, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter above 5.7 kWh. The brightest month of the year in Lingcheng is June, with an average of 6.4 kWh.

The darker period of the year lasts for 3.1 months, from November 2 to February 6, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter below 3.4 kWh. The darkest month of the year in Lingcheng is December, with an average of 2.6 kWh.

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in Lingcheng

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in LingchengbrightdarkdarkJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 kWh0 kWh1 kWh1 kWh2 kWh2 kWh3 kWh3 kWh4 kWh4 kWh5 kWh5 kWh6 kWh6 kWh7 kWh7 kWh8 kWh8 kWh9 kWh9 kWhJun 16.5 kWhJun 16.5 kWhDec 232.6 kWhDec 232.6 kWhApr 135.7 kWhApr 135.7 kWhJul 235.7 kWhJul 235.7 kWhNov 23.4 kWhNov 23.4 kWhFeb 63.4 kWhFeb 63.4 kWhNowNow
The average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground per square meter (orange line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Solar Energy (kWh) 2.93.64.75.86.46.45.95.64.93.93.02.6

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Lingcheng are 35.534 deg latitude, 116.918 deg longitude, and 190 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of Lingcheng is essentially flat, with a maximum elevation change of 69 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 179 feet. Within 10 miles is essentially flat (663 feet). Within 50 miles contains significant variations in elevation (3,320 feet).

The area within 2 miles of Lingcheng is covered by cropland (80%) and artificial surfaces (15%), within 10 miles by cropland (71%) and artificial surfaces (22%), and within 50 miles by cropland (67%) and artificial surfaces (13%).

This report illustrates the typical weather in Lingcheng, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016.

Temperature and Dew Point

There is only a single weather station, Jinan, in our network suitable to be used as a proxy for the historical temperature and dew point records of Lingcheng.

At a distance of 128 kilometers from Lingcheng, closer than our threshold of 150 kilometers, this station is deemed sufficiently nearby to be relied upon as our primary source for temperature and dew point records.

The station records are corrected for the elevation difference between the station and Lingcheng according to the International Standard Atmosphere , and by the relative change present in the MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis between the two locations.

Please note that the station records themselves may additionally have been back-filled using other nearby stations or the MERRA-2 reanalysis.

Other Data

All data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus.

All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid.

Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database .

Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com .

Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Disclaimer

The information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site.

We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands.

We further caution that our travel scores are only as good as the data that underpin them, that weather conditions at any given location and time are unpredictable and variable, and that the definition of the scores reflects a particular set of preferences that may not agree with those of any particular reader.

Please review our full terms contained on our Terms of Service page.