Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Xishan ChinaIn Xishan, the summers are long, hot, oppressive, wet, and overcast and the winters are cold and mostly clear. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 45°F to 89°F and is rarely below 36°F or above 95°F. Based on the tourism score, the best time of year to visit Xishan for warm-weather activities is from late September to early November. Average Temperature in XishanThe hot season lasts for 4.0 months, from May 25 to September 26, with an average daily high temperature above 83°F. The hottest month of the year in Xishan is July, with an average high of 89°F and low of 78°F. The cool season lasts for 3.0 months, from December 6 to March 6, with an average daily high temperature below 63°F. The coldest month of the year in Xishan is January, with an average low of 45°F and high of 57°F.
The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the entire year of hourly average temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day of the year, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day. Biloxi, United States (8,366 miles away) and Saint Simons Island, United States (8,477 miles) are the far-away foreign places with temperatures most similar to Xishan (view comparison). CloudsIn Xishan, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences extreme seasonal variation over the course of the year. The clearer part of the year in Xishan begins around September 19 and lasts for 6.9 months, ending around April 14. The clearest month of the year in Xishan is December, during which on average the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 77% of the time. The cloudier part of the year begins around April 14 and lasts for 5.1 months, ending around September 19. The cloudiest month of the year in Xishan is June, during which on average the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 80% of the time.
PrecipitationA wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. The chance of wet days in Xishan varies significantly throughout the year. The wetter season lasts 6.0 months, from March 10 to September 12, with a greater than 32% chance of a given day being a wet day. The month with the most wet days in Xishan is June, with an average of 15.8 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation. The drier season lasts 6.0 months, from September 12 to March 10. The month with the fewest wet days in Xishan is December, with an average of 3.5 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation. Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. The month with the most days of rain alone in Xishan is June, with an average of 15.8 days. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation throughout the year is rain alone, with a peak probability of 55% on June 2.
RainfallTo show variation within the months and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Xishan experiences extreme seasonal variation in monthly rainfall. Rain falls throughout the year in Xishan. The month with the most rain in Xishan is May, with an average rainfall of 10.5 inches. The month with the least rain in Xishan is October, with an average rainfall of 1.5 inches.
SunThe length of the day in Xishan varies over the course of the year. In 2024, the shortest day is December 21, with 10 hours, 38 minutes of daylight; the longest day is June 21, with 13 hours, 38 minutes of daylight.
The earliest sunrise is at 5:33 AM on June 8, and the latest sunrise is 1 hour, 34 minutes later at 7:07 AM on January 15. The earliest sunset is at 5:33 PM on November 29, and the latest sunset is 1 hour, 41 minutes later at 7:14 PM on July 3. Daylight saving time (DST) is not observed in Xishan during 2024. The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation. MoonThe figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases. HumidityWe base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night. Xishan experiences extreme seasonal variation in the perceived humidity. The muggier period of the year lasts for 6.6 months, from April 2 to October 22, during which time the comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable at least 25% of the time. The month with the most muggy days in Xishan is July, with 30.9 days that are muggy or worse. The month with the fewest muggy days in Xishan is January, with 0.1 days that are muggy or worse.
WindThis section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages. The average hourly wind speed in Xishan experiences mild seasonal variation over the course of the year. The windier part of the year lasts for 6.4 months, from October 10 to April 22, with average wind speeds of more than 6.7 miles per hour. The windiest month of the year in Xishan is December, with an average hourly wind speed of 8.0 miles per hour. The calmer time of year lasts for 5.6 months, from April 22 to October 10. The calmest month of the year in Xishan is August, with an average hourly wind speed of 5.5 miles per hour.
The predominant average hourly wind direction in Xishan varies throughout the year. The wind is most often from the south for 5.4 months, from March 17 to August 28, with a peak percentage of 73% on June 30. The wind is most often from the north for 6.6 months, from August 28 to March 17, with a peak percentage of 76% on January 1. Best Time of Year to VisitTo characterize how pleasant the weather is in Xishan throughout the year, we compute two travel scores. The tourism score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 65°F and 80°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Xishan for general outdoor tourist activities is from late September to early November, with a peak score in the second week of October. Tourism Score in XishanThe beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 75°F and 90°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Xishan for hot-weather activities is from late August to early October, with a peak score in the third week of September. Beach/Pool Score in XishanMethodologyFor each hour between 8:00 AM and 9:00 PM of each day in the analysis period (1980 to 2016), independent scores are computed for perceived temperature, cloud cover, and total precipitation. Those scores are combined into a single hourly composite score, which is then aggregated into days, averaged over all the years in the analysis period, and smoothed. Our cloud cover score is 10 for fully clear skies, falling linearly to 9 for mostly clear skies, and to 1 for fully overcast skies. Our precipitation score, which is based on the three-hour precipitation centered on the hour in question, is 10 for no precipitation, falling linearly to 9 for trace precipitation, and to 0 for 0.04 inches of precipitation or more. Our tourism temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 50°F, rising linearly to 9 for 65°F, to 10 for 75°F, falling linearly to 9 for 80°F, and to 1 for 90°F or hotter. Our beach/pool temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 65°F, rising linearly to 9 for 75°F, to 10 for 82°F, falling linearly to 9 for 90°F, and to 1 for 100°F or hotter. Growing SeasonDefinitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere). Temperatures in Xishan are sufficiently warm year round that it is not entirely meaningful to discuss the growing season in these terms. We nevertheless include the chart below as an illustration of the distribution of temperatures experienced throughout the year. Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F. Solar EnergyThis section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation. The average daily incident shortwave solar energy experiences some seasonal variation over the course of the year. The brighter period of the year lasts for 1.5 months, from June 14 to July 30, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter above 5.4 kWh. The brightest month of the year in Xishan is July, with an average of 5.7 kWh. The darker period of the year lasts for 3.0 months, from November 18 to February 19, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter below 4.2 kWh. The darkest month of the year in Xishan is January, with an average of 3.9 kWh.
TopographyFor the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Xishan are 24.265 deg latitude, 114.422 deg longitude, and 538 ft elevation. The topography within 2 miles of Xishan contains very significant variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 1,053 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 758 feet. Within 10 miles contains very significant variations in elevation (3,780 feet). Within 50 miles also contains extreme variations in elevation (4,498 feet). The area within 2 miles of Xishan is covered by trees (54%), shrubs (19%), and cropland (19%), within 10 miles by trees (79%), and within 50 miles by trees (76%). Data SourcesThis report illustrates the typical weather in Xishan, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016. Temperature and Dew PointThere are 2 weather stations near enough to contribute to our estimation of the temperature and dew point in Xishan. For each station, the records are corrected for the elevation difference between that station and Xishan according to the International Standard Atmosphere , and by the relative change present in the MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis between the two locations. The estimated value at Xishan is computed as the weighted average of the individual contributions from each station, in addition to a contribution from the MERRA-2 reconstruction, corrected for the difference between the reference elevation of the MERRA-2 grid cell and the elevation of Xishan. The station weights are proportional to the inverse of the distance between Xishan and a given station. The weight assigned to the MERRA-2 value depends on the distance from Xishan to the nearest station, increasing from 0% at 150 kilometers to 100% at 200 kilometers. In this case, the MERRA-2 weight is 0%. The stations contributing to this reconstruction are:
To get a sense of how much these sources agree with each other, you can view a comparison of Xishan and the stations that contribute to our estimates of its temperature history and climate. Please note that each source's contribution is adjusted for elevation and the relative change present in the MERRA-2 data. Other DataAll data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus. All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid. Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database . Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com . Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors. DisclaimerThe information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site. We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands. We further caution that our travel scores are only as good as the data that underpin them, that weather conditions at any given location and time are unpredictable and variable, and that the definition of the scores reflects a particular set of preferences that may not agree with those of any particular reader. Please review our full terms contained on our Terms of Service page. |