Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Bayan-Ovoo Mongolia

In Bayan-Ovoo, the summers are warm and windy, the winters are freezing, and it is dry and partly cloudy year round. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 3°F to 85°F and is rarely below -6°F or above 93°F.

Based on the tourism score, the best time of year to visit Bayan-Ovoo for warm-weather activities is from late June to late August.

The hot season lasts for 3.8 months, from May 18 to September 11, with an average daily high temperature above 72°F. The hottest month of the year in Bayan-Ovoo is July, with an average high of 85°F and low of 61°F.

The cold season lasts for 3.3 months, from November 19 to February 28, with an average daily high temperature below 34°F. The coldest month of the year in Bayan-Ovoo is January, with an average low of 4°F and high of 22°F.

In Bayan-Ovoo, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences mild seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The clearer part of the year in Bayan-Ovoo begins around July 5 and lasts for 3.7 months, ending around October 26.

The clearest month of the year in Bayan-Ovoo is August, during which on average the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 74% of the time.

The cloudier part of the year begins around October 26 and lasts for 8.3 months, ending around July 5.

The cloudiest month of the year in Bayan-Ovoo is April, during which on average the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 41% of the time.

A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. The chance of wet days in Bayan-Ovoo varies throughout the year.

The wetter season lasts 3.0 months, from June 7 to September 5, with a greater than 7% chance of a given day being a wet day. The month with the most wet days in Bayan-Ovoo is July, with an average of 3.7 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

The drier season lasts 9.0 months, from September 5 to June 7. The month with the fewest wet days in Bayan-Ovoo is December, with an average of 0.0 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. The month with the most days of rain alone in Bayan-Ovoo is July, with an average of 3.7 days. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation throughout the year is rain alone, with a peak probability of 14% on July 3.

Rainfall

To show variation within the months and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Bayan-Ovoo experiences some seasonal variation in monthly rainfall.

The rainy period of the year lasts for 1.3 months, from June 18 to July 27, with a sliding 31-day rainfall of at least 0.5 inches. The month with the most rain in Bayan-Ovoo is July, with an average rainfall of 0.6 inches.

The rainless period of the year lasts for 11 months, from July 27 to June 18. The month with the least rain in Bayan-Ovoo is January, with an average rainfall of -0.0 inches.

The length of the day in Bayan-Ovoo varies significantly over the course of the year. In 2024, the shortest day is December 21, with 8 hours, 49 minutes of daylight; the longest day is June 21, with 15 hours, 34 minutes of daylight.

The earliest sunrise is at 4:54 AM on June 15, and the latest sunrise is 3 hours, 23 minutes later at 8:17 AM on January 3. The earliest sunset is at 4:59 PM on December 9, and the latest sunset is 3 hours, 30 minutes later at 8:29 PM on June 26.

Daylight saving time (DST) is not observed in Bayan-Ovoo during 2024.

The figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases.

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

The perceived humidity level in Bayan-Ovoo, as measured by the percentage of time in which the humidity comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable, does not vary significantly over the course of the year, remaining a virtually constant 0% throughout.

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The average hourly wind speed in Bayan-Ovoo experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The windier part of the year lasts for 6.5 months, from February 27 to September 12, with average wind speeds of more than 10.0 miles per hour. The windiest month of the year in Bayan-Ovoo is May, with an average hourly wind speed of 12.5 miles per hour.

The calmer time of year lasts for 5.5 months, from September 12 to February 27. The calmest month of the year in Bayan-Ovoo is December, with an average hourly wind speed of 7.7 miles per hour.

The predominant average hourly wind direction in Bayan-Ovoo is from the west throughout the year.

To characterize how pleasant the weather is in Bayan-Ovoo throughout the year, we compute two travel scores.

The tourism score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 65°F and 80°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Bayan-Ovoo for general outdoor tourist activities is from late June to late August, with a peak score in the last week of July.

The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 75°F and 90°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Bayan-Ovoo for hot-weather activities is from early July to early August, with a peak score in the last week of July.

Methodology

For each hour between 8:00 AM and 9:00 PM of each day in the analysis period (1980 to 2016), independent scores are computed for perceived temperature, cloud cover, and total precipitation. Those scores are combined into a single hourly composite score, which is then aggregated into days, averaged over all the years in the analysis period, and smoothed.

Our cloud cover score is 10 for fully clear skies, falling linearly to 9 for mostly clear skies, and to 1 for fully overcast skies.

Our precipitation score, which is based on the three-hour precipitation centered on the hour in question, is 10 for no precipitation, falling linearly to 9 for trace precipitation, and to 0 for 0.04 inches of precipitation or more.

Our tourism temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 50°F, rising linearly to 9 for 65°F, to 10 for 75°F, falling linearly to 9 for 80°F, and to 1 for 90°F or hotter.

Our beach/pool temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 65°F, rising linearly to 9 for 75°F, to 10 for 82°F, falling linearly to 9 for 90°F, and to 1 for 100°F or hotter.

Definitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere).

The growing season in Bayan-Ovoo typically lasts for 4.9 months (149 days), from around May 4 to around September 30, rarely starting before April 15 or after May 23, and rarely ending before September 11 or after October 18.

Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F.

Based on growing degree days alone, the first spring blooms in Bayan-Ovoo should appear around April 26, only rarely appearing before April 18 or after May 5.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy experiences extreme seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The brighter period of the year lasts for 4.1 months, from April 18 to August 21, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter above 6.5 kWh. The brightest month of the year in Bayan-Ovoo is June, with an average of 7.6 kWh.

The darker period of the year lasts for 3.2 months, from November 1 to February 9, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter below 3.0 kWh. The darkest month of the year in Bayan-Ovoo is December, with an average of 2.0 kWh.

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Bayan-Ovoo are 44.617 deg latitude, 94.917 deg longitude, and 4,701 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of Bayan-Ovoo contains only modest variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 410 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 4,685 feet. Within 10 miles contains only modest variations in elevation (2,684 feet). Within 50 miles contains large variations in elevation (11,512 feet).

The area within 2 miles of Bayan-Ovoo is covered by bare soil (100%), within 10 miles by bare soil (100%), and within 50 miles by bare soil (100%).