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Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Hayfield Minnesota, United States

In Hayfield, the summers are long, warm, and wet; the winters are freezing, snowy, and windy; and it is partly cloudy year round. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 9°F to 81°F and is rarely below -12°F or above 89°F.

Based on the tourism score, the best time of year to visit Hayfield for warm-weather activities is from mid June to early September.

Climate in Hayfield

freezingcoldcoolwarmcoolcoldJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecNowNow71%71%40%40%clearovercastprecipitation: 4.2 inprecipitation: 4.2 in0.5 in0.5 inmuggy: 40%muggy: 40%0%0%drydrytourism score: 6.8tourism score: 6.80.00.0
Hayfield weather by month. Click on each chart for more information.

The warm season lasts for 4.1 months, from May 17 to September 19, with an average daily high temperature above 69°F. The hottest month of the year in Hayfield is July, with an average high of 80°F and low of 62°F.

The cold season lasts for 3.3 months, from November 27 to March 4, with an average daily high temperature below 35°F. The coldest month of the year in Hayfield is January, with an average low of 9°F and high of 24°F.

Average High and Low Temperature in Hayfield

Average High and Low Temperature in HayfieldwarmcoldcoldJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec-20°F-20°F-10°F-10°F0°F0°F10°F10°F20°F20°F30°F30°F40°F40°F50°F50°F60°F60°F70°F70°F80°F80°F90°F90°F100°F100°FJan 2123°FJan 2123°FJul 1881°FJul 1881°F9°F9°F62°F62°FMay 1769°FMay 1769°FSep 1969°FSep 1969°FNov 2735°FNov 2735°FMar 435°FMar 435°F49°F49°F50°F50°F21°F21°F20°F20°FNowNow
The daily average high (red line) and low (blue line) temperature, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted lines are the corresponding average perceived temperatures.
AverageJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
High 24°F28°F41°F57°F69°F77°F80°F78°F70°F57°F41°F27°F
Temp. 16°F20°F32°F46°F58°F67°F71°F68°F60°F48°F34°F20°F
Low 9°F14°F26°F38°F49°F58°F62°F60°F51°F40°F27°F14°F

The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the entire year of hourly average temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day of the year, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.

Average Hourly Temperature in Hayfield

Average Hourly Temperature in HayfieldJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec12 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AMNowNowfrigidfreezingfreezingcoldcoldcoolcomfortablewarmvery coldvery coldcomfortablefrigidfrigidfreezing
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The average hourly temperature, color coded into bands. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

Log, Russia (5,483 miles away); Zangakatun, Armenia (6,093 miles); and Talghar, Kazakhstan (6,388 miles) are the far-away foreign places with temperatures most similar to Hayfield (view comparison).

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In Hayfield, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The clearer part of the year in Hayfield begins around June 7 and lasts for 4.4 months, ending around October 20.

The clearest month of the year in Hayfield is July, during which on average the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 69% of the time.

The cloudier part of the year begins around October 20 and lasts for 7.6 months, ending around June 7.

The cloudiest month of the year in Hayfield is December, during which on average the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 59% of the time.

Cloud Cover Categories in Hayfield

Cloud Cover Categories in HayfieldclearercloudiercloudierJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%Jul 2671%Jul 2671%Feb 640%Feb 640%Jun 755%Jun 755%Oct 2055%Oct 2055%NowNowclearmostly clearpartly cloudymostly cloudyovercast
0% clear 20% mostly clear 40% partly cloudy 60% mostly cloudy 80% overcast 100%
The percentage of time spent in each cloud cover band, categorized by the percentage of the sky covered by clouds.
FractionJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Cloudier 59%59%55%52%48%41%31%31%34%43%53%59%
Clearer 41%41%45%48%52%59%69%69%66%57%47%41%

A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. The chance of wet days in Hayfield varies significantly throughout the year.

The wetter season lasts 5.9 months, from April 5 to October 2, with a greater than 26% chance of a given day being a wet day. The month with the most wet days in Hayfield is June, with an average of 12.4 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

The drier season lasts 6.1 months, from October 2 to April 5. The month with the fewest wet days in Hayfield is January, with an average of 3.1 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation in Hayfield changes throughout the year.

Rain alone is the most common for 9.0 months, from March 2 to November 30. The month with the most days of rain alone in Hayfield is June, with an average of 12.4 days.

Snow alone is the most common for 3.0 months, from November 30 to March 2. The month with the most days of snow alone in Hayfield is January, with an average of 2.3 days.

Daily Chance of Precipitation in Hayfield

Daily Chance of Precipitation in HayfieldsnowrainsnowJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%80%80%90%90%100%100%Jun 843%Jun 843%Feb 129%Feb 129%Nov 3015%Nov 3015%Apr 526%Apr 526%Oct 226%Oct 226%NowNowsnowrain
The percentage of days in which various types of precipitation are observed, excluding trace quantities: rain alone, snow alone, and mixed (both rain and snow fell in the same day).
Days ofJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Rain 0.3d0.7d3.5d8.3d10.8d12.4d12.1d11.0d8.9d6.0d3.0d0.9d
Mixed 0.4d0.5d0.8d0.5d0.1d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.2d0.7d0.6d
Snow 2.3d1.8d1.3d0.2d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.1d1.0d2.1d
Any 3.1d2.9d5.5d9.0d10.9d12.4d12.1d11.0d8.9d6.4d4.7d3.7d

To show variation within the months and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Hayfield experiences extreme seasonal variation in monthly rainfall.

The rainy period of the year lasts for 9.4 months, from February 29 to December 8, with a sliding 31-day rainfall of at least 0.5 inches. The month with the most rain in Hayfield is June, with an average rainfall of 4.2 inches.

The rainless period of the year lasts for 2.7 months, from December 8 to February 29. The month with the least rain in Hayfield is January, with an average rainfall of 0.1 inches.

Average Monthly Rainfall in Hayfield

The average rainfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average snowfall.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Rainfall 0.1″0.2″1.1″2.8″3.5″4.2″3.7″3.7″3.2″1.9″1.1″0.4″

Snowfall

As with rainfall, we consider the snowfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Hayfield experiences significant seasonal variation in monthly snowfall.

The snowy period of the year lasts for 5.5 months, from October 27 to April 12, with a sliding 31-day snowfall of at least 1.0 inches. The month with the most snow in Hayfield is December, with an average snowfall of 4.9 inches.

The snowless period of the year lasts for 6.5 months, from April 12 to October 27. The least snow falls around July 22, with an average total accumulation of 0.0 inches.

Average Monthly Snowfall in Hayfield

Average Monthly Snowfall in HayfieldsnowsnowJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 in0 in2 in2 in4 in4 in6 in6 in8 in8 in10 in10 in12 in12 inDec 104.9 inDec 104.9 inJul 220.0 inJul 220.0 inMar 24.2 inMar 24.2 inOct 271.0 inOct 271.0 inApr 121.0 inApr 121.0 in
The average snowfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average rainfall.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Snowfall 4.0″3.8″3.5″0.8″0.1″0.0″0.0″0.0″0.0″0.4″3.0″4.9″

The length of the day in Hayfield varies significantly over the course of the year. In 2024, the shortest day is December 21, with 8 hours, 54 minutes of daylight; the longest day is June 20, with 15 hours, 28 minutes of daylight.

Hours of Daylight and Twilight in Hayfield

Hours of Daylight and Twilight in HayfieldJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 hr24 hr4 hr20 hr8 hr16 hr12 hr12 hr16 hr8 hr20 hr4 hr24 hr0 hr12 hr, 8 minMar 1912 hr, 8 minMar 1915 hr, 28 minJun 2015 hr, 28 minJun 2012 hr, 11 minSep 2212 hr, 11 minSep 228 hr, 54 minDec 218 hr, 54 minDec 21nightnightdayNowNow
The number of hours during which the Sun is visible (black line). From bottom (most yellow) to top (most gray), the color bands indicate: full daylight, twilight (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and full night.
Hours ofJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Daylight 9.3h10.5h12.0h13.5h14.8h15.4h15.1h13.9h12.5h11.0h9.6h9.0h

The earliest sunrise is at 5:28 AM on June 14, and the latest sunrise is 2 hours, 21 minutes later at 7:49 AM on November 2. The earliest sunset is at 4:33 PM on December 9, and the latest sunset is 4 hours, 24 minutes later at 8:58 PM on June 25.

Daylight saving time (DST) is observed in Hayfield during 2024, starting in the spring on March 10, lasting 7.8 months, and ending in the fall on November 3.

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight and Daylight Saving Time in Hayfield

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight and Daylight Saving Time in HayfieldJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec12 AM2 AM4 AM6 AM8 AM10 AM12 PM2 PM4 PM6 PM8 PM10 PM12 AMJun 145:28 AMJun 145:28 AM8:58 PMJun 258:58 PMJun 25Dec 94:33 PMDec 94:33 PM7:49 AMNov 27:49 AMNov 2Mar 10DSTMar 10DSTDSTNov 3DSTNov 3daynightnightnightnightSolarMidnightSolarMidnightSolarNoonSunriseSunsetNowNow
The solar day over the course of the year 2024. From bottom to top, the black lines are the previous solar midnight, sunrise, solar noon, sunset, and the next solar midnight. The day, twilights (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and night are indicated by the color bands from yellow to gray. The transitions to and from daylight saving time are indicated by the 'DST' labels.

The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation.

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in Hayfield

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in HayfieldJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec12 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AM000101010102020203030304040506000010101020202020303040405050602370NowNow
northeastsouthwest
Solar elevation and azimuth over the course of the year 2024. The black lines are lines of constant solar elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon, in degrees). The background color fills indicate the azimuth (the compass bearing) of the sun. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries of the cardinal compass points indicate the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

The figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases.

Moon Rise, Set & Phases in Hayfield

The time in which the moon is above the horizon (light blue area), with new moons (dark gray lines) and full moons (blue lines) indicated. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

Hayfield experiences significant seasonal variation in the perceived humidity.

The muggier period of the year lasts for 3.3 months, from June 7 to September 15, during which time the comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable at least 10% of the time. The month with the most muggy days in Hayfield is July, with 11.5 days that are muggy or worse.

The least muggy day of the year is February 12, when muggy conditions are essentially unheard of.

Humidity Comfort Levels in Hayfield

Humidity Comfort Levels in HayfieldmuggyJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%80%80%90%90%100%100%Feb 120%Feb 120%Jul 2040%Jul 2040%Jun 710%Jun 710%Sep 1510%Sep 1510%NowNowmuggymuggycomfortablecomfortabledrydryhumidhumidoppressiveoppressive
dry 55°F comfortable 60°F humid 65°F muggy 70°F oppressive 75°F miserable
The percentage of time spent at various humidity comfort levels, categorized by dew point.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Muggy days 0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.6d5.0d11.5d9.6d3.3d0.2d0.0d0.0d

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The average hourly wind speed in Hayfield experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The windier part of the year lasts for 8.1 months, from September 22 to May 25, with average wind speeds of more than 10.8 miles per hour. The windiest month of the year in Hayfield is March, with an average hourly wind speed of 13.0 miles per hour.

The calmer time of year lasts for 3.9 months, from May 25 to September 22. The calmest month of the year in Hayfield is August, with an average hourly wind speed of 8.8 miles per hour.

Average Wind Speed in Hayfield

Average Wind Speed in HayfieldwindywindyJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 mph0 mph2 mph2 mph4 mph4 mph6 mph6 mph8 mph8 mph10 mph10 mph12 mph12 mph14 mph14 mph16 mph16 mph18 mph18 mph20 mph20 mph22 mph22 mphMar 2213.1 mphMar 2213.1 mphAug 28.5 mphAug 28.5 mphSep 2210.8 mphSep 2210.8 mphMay 2510.8 mphMay 2510.8 mphNowNow
The average of mean hourly wind speeds (dark gray line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Wind Speed (mph) 12.912.813.012.711.310.09.08.810.411.411.912.1

The predominant average hourly wind direction in Hayfield varies throughout the year.

The wind is most often from the north for 2.5 months, from February 10 to April 24, with a peak percentage of 33% on March 7. The wind is most often from the south for 6.9 months, from April 24 to November 22, with a peak percentage of 45% on September 2. The wind is most often from the west for 2.6 months, from November 22 to February 10, with a peak percentage of 36% on January 1.

Wind Direction in Hayfield

Wind Direction in HayfieldWNSWJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%20%80%40%60%60%40%80%20%100%0%NowNowwestsouthnortheast
northeastsouthwest
The percentage of hours in which the mean wind direction is from each of the four cardinal wind directions, excluding hours in which the mean wind speed is less than 1.0 mph. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries are the percentage of hours spent in the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

To characterize how pleasant the weather is in Hayfield throughout the year, we compute two travel scores.

The tourism score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 65°F and 80°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Hayfield for general outdoor tourist activities is from mid June to early September, with a peak score in the last week of July.

Tourism Score in Hayfield

Tourism Score in Hayfieldbest timeJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec002244668810106.86.80.00.0NowNowtemperaturetemperature cloudscloudsprecipitationprecipitationtourism score
The tourism score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).

The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 75°F and 90°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Hayfield for hot-weather activities is from late June to early August, with a peak score in the third week of July.

Beach/Pool Score in Hayfield

Beach/Pool Score in HayfieldJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec002244668810104.84.80.00.0NowNowtemperaturetemperature cloudscloudsprecipitationprecipitationbeach/pool score
The beach/pool score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).

Methodology

For each hour between 8:00 AM and 9:00 PM of each day in the analysis period (1980 to 2016), independent scores are computed for perceived temperature, cloud cover, and total precipitation. Those scores are combined into a single hourly composite score, which is then aggregated into days, averaged over all the years in the analysis period, and smoothed.

Our cloud cover score is 10 for fully clear skies, falling linearly to 9 for mostly clear skies, and to 1 for fully overcast skies.

Our precipitation score, which is based on the three-hour precipitation centered on the hour in question, is 10 for no precipitation, falling linearly to 9 for trace precipitation, and to 0 for 0.04 inches of precipitation or more.

Our tourism temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 50°F, rising linearly to 9 for 65°F, to 10 for 75°F, falling linearly to 9 for 80°F, and to 1 for 90°F or hotter.

Our beach/pool temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 65°F, rising linearly to 9 for 75°F, to 10 for 82°F, falling linearly to 9 for 90°F, and to 1 for 100°F or hotter.

Definitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere).

The growing season in Hayfield typically lasts for 5.3 months (161 days), from around April 24 to around October 2, rarely starting before April 5 or after May 13, and rarely ending before September 16 or after October 18.

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in Hayfield

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in Hayfieldgrowing seasonJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%Apr 2450%Apr 2450%Oct 250%Oct 250%May 1390%May 1390%Sep 1690%Sep 1690%Apr 510%Apr 510%Oct 1810%Oct 1810%0%Dec 30%Dec 3Jul 15100%Jul 15100%NowNowfrigidfreezingcoolcomfortablewarmcoldvery coldhot
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The percentage of time spent in various temperature bands. The black line is the percentage chance that a given day is within the growing season.

Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F.

Based on growing degree days alone, the first spring blooms in Hayfield should appear around April 24, only rarely appearing before April 13 or after May 10.

Growing Degree Days in Hayfield

Growing Degree Days in HayfieldJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0°F0°F500°F500°F1,000°F1,000°F1,500°F1,500°F2,000°F2,000°F2,500°F2,500°FApr 2490°FApr 2490°FJun 29900°FJun 29900°FAug 121,800°FAug 121,800°FDec 312,599°FDec 312,599°F
The average growing degree days accumulated over the course of the year, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy experiences extreme seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The brighter period of the year lasts for 3.5 months, from May 5 to August 19, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter above 6.0 kWh. The brightest month of the year in Hayfield is July, with an average of 6.9 kWh.

The darker period of the year lasts for 3.4 months, from October 29 to February 11, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter below 2.6 kWh. The darkest month of the year in Hayfield is December, with an average of 1.6 kWh.

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in Hayfield

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in HayfieldbrightdarkdarkJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 kWh0 kWh1 kWh1 kWh2 kWh2 kWh3 kWh3 kWh4 kWh4 kWh5 kWh5 kWh6 kWh6 kWh7 kWh7 kWh8 kWh8 kWh9 kWh9 kWhJul 37.1 kWhJul 37.1 kWhDec 151.5 kWhDec 151.5 kWhMay 56.0 kWhMay 56.0 kWhAug 196.0 kWhAug 196.0 kWhOct 292.6 kWhOct 292.6 kWhFeb 112.6 kWhFeb 112.6 kWhNowNow
The average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground per square meter (orange line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Solar Energy (kWh) 1.92.84.05.26.26.86.96.14.83.32.11.6

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Hayfield are 43.891 deg latitude, -92.848 deg longitude, and 1,319 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of Hayfield is essentially flat, with a maximum elevation change of 92 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 1,327 feet. Within 10 miles is essentially flat (256 feet). Within 50 miles contains only modest variations in elevation (774 feet).

The area within 2 miles of Hayfield is covered by cropland (99%), within 10 miles by cropland (99%), and within 50 miles by cropland (91%).

This report illustrates the typical weather in Hayfield, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016.

Temperature and Dew Point

There are 3 weather stations near enough to contribute to our estimation of the temperature and dew point in Hayfield.

For each station, the records are corrected for the elevation difference between that station and Hayfield according to the International Standard Atmosphere , and by the relative change present in the MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis between the two locations.

The estimated value at Hayfield is computed as the weighted average of the individual contributions from each station, with weights proportional to the inverse of the distance between Hayfield and a given station.

The stations contributing to this reconstruction are:

To get a sense of how much these sources agree with each other, you can view a comparison of Hayfield and the stations that contribute to our estimates of its temperature history and climate. Please note that each source's contribution is adjusted for elevation and the relative change present in the MERRA-2 data.

Other Data

All data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus.

All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid.

Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database .

Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com .

Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Disclaimer

The information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site.

We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands.

We further caution that our travel scores are only as good as the data that underpin them, that weather conditions at any given location and time are unpredictable and variable, and that the definition of the scores reflects a particular set of preferences that may not agree with those of any particular reader.

Please review our full terms contained on our Terms of Service page.