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Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Dandot RS Pakistan

In Dandot RS, the summers are short, sweltering, humid, and clear and the winters are short, cold, dry, and mostly clear. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 39°F to 103°F and is rarely below 34°F or above 110°F.

Based on the beach/pool score, the best time of year to visit Dandot RS for hot-weather activities is from early September to mid October.

Climate in Dandot RS

coolcomfortablewarmhotswelteringhotwarmJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecNowNow98%98%63%63%clearprecipitation: 5.8 inprecipitation: 5.8 in0.3 in0.3 inmuggy: 95%muggy: 95%0%0%drydrybeach/pool score: 8.3beach/pool score: 8.30.30.3
Dandot RS weather by month. Click on each chart for more information.

The hot season lasts for 2.9 months, from April 30 to July 25, with an average daily high temperature above 95°F. The hottest month of the year in Dandot RS is June, with an average high of 102°F and low of 79°F.

The cool season lasts for 2.9 months, from December 2 to February 26, with an average daily high temperature below 72°F. The coldest month of the year in Dandot RS is January, with an average low of 40°F and high of 65°F.

Average High and Low Temperature in Dandot RS

Average High and Low Temperature in Dandot RShotcoolcoolJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0°F0°F10°F10°F20°F20°F30°F30°F40°F40°F50°F50°F60°F60°F70°F70°F80°F80°F90°F90°F100°F100°F110°F110°FJan 964°FJan 964°FJun 10103°FJun 10103°F39°F39°F78°F78°FApr 3095°FApr 3095°FJul 2595°FJul 2595°FDec 272°FDec 272°FFeb 2672°FFeb 2672°F68°F68°F79°F79°F44°F44°F48°F48°FNowNow
The daily average high (red line) and low (blue line) temperature, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted lines are the corresponding average perceived temperatures.
AverageJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
High 65°F69°F78°F90°F100°F102°F97°F94°F93°F87°F77°F68°F
Temp. 51°F57°F66°F77°F87°F91°F88°F86°F83°F74°F62°F53°F
Low 40°F45°F54°F64°F73°F79°F80°F78°F73°F62°F49°F41°F

The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the entire year of hourly average temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day of the year, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.

Average Hourly Temperature in Dandot RS

Average Hourly Temperature in Dandot RSJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec12 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AMNowNowvery coldcoldcoldcoldcoldcoolcoolwarmhothotswelteringcomfortablevery coldcomfortable
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The average hourly temperature, color coded into bands. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

Manuel Ojinaga, Mexico (8,144 miles away) is the far-away foreign place with temperatures most similar to Dandot RS (view comparison).

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In Dandot RS, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The clearer part of the year in Dandot RS begins around May 2 and lasts for 6.6 months, ending around November 21.

The clearest month of the year in Dandot RS is September, during which on average the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 98% of the time.

The cloudier part of the year begins around November 21 and lasts for 5.4 months, ending around May 2.

The cloudiest month of the year in Dandot RS is March, during which on average the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 35% of the time.

Cloud Cover Categories in Dandot RS

Cloud Cover Categories in Dandot RSclearercloudiercloudierJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%Sep 2598%Sep 2598%Mar 2263%Mar 2263%May 280%May 280%Nov 2181%Nov 2181%NowNowclearovercastmostly clearmostly cloudy
0% clear 20% mostly clear 40% partly cloudy 60% mostly cloudy 80% overcast 100%
The percentage of time spent in each cloud cover band, categorized by the percentage of the sky covered by clouds.
FractionJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Cloudier 30%33%35%27%12%3%7%8%2%6%17%27%
Clearer 70%67%65%73%88%97%93%92%98%94%83%73%

A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. The chance of wet days in Dandot RS varies significantly throughout the year.

The wetter season lasts 2.6 months, from June 22 to September 9, with a greater than 27% chance of a given day being a wet day. The month with the most wet days in Dandot RS is July, with an average of 14.2 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

The drier season lasts 9.4 months, from September 9 to June 22. The month with the fewest wet days in Dandot RS is November, with an average of 1.2 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. The month with the most days of rain alone in Dandot RS is July, with an average of 14.2 days. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation throughout the year is rain alone, with a peak probability of 51% on July 26.

Daily Chance of Precipitation in Dandot RS

Daily Chance of Precipitation in Dandot RSwetdrydryJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%80%80%90%90%100%100%Jul 2651%Jul 2651%Nov 83%Nov 83%Jun 2227%Jun 2227%Sep 927%Sep 927%NowNowrain
The percentage of days in which various types of precipitation are observed, excluding trace quantities: rain alone, snow alone, and mixed (both rain and snow fell in the same day).
Days ofJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Rain 3.2d4.6d5.7d4.8d4.0d6.9d14.2d13.3d6.6d2.7d1.2d2.1d

To show variation within the months and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Dandot RS experiences extreme seasonal variation in monthly rainfall.

The rainy period of the year lasts for 10 months, from December 7 to October 16, with a sliding 31-day rainfall of at least 0.5 inches. The month with the most rain in Dandot RS is July, with an average rainfall of 5.3 inches.

The rainless period of the year lasts for 1.7 months, from October 16 to December 7. The month with the least rain in Dandot RS is November, with an average rainfall of 0.3 inches.

Average Monthly Rainfall in Dandot RS

Average Monthly Rainfall in Dandot RSrainrainJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 in0 in2 in2 in4 in4 in6 in6 in8 in8 in10 in10 in12 in12 inJul 275.8 inJul 275.8 inNov 90.3 inNov 90.3 inMar 201.7 inMar 201.7 inMay 170.7 inMay 170.7 inDec 70.5 inDec 70.5 inNowNow
The average rainfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average snowfall.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Rainfall 0.8″1.4″1.6″1.3″0.7″1.7″5.3″4.5″1.9″0.5″0.3″0.6″

The length of the day in Dandot RS varies significantly over the course of the year. In 2024, the shortest day is December 21, with 10 hours, 0 minutes of daylight; the longest day is June 21, with 14 hours, 18 minutes of daylight.

Hours of Daylight and Twilight in Dandot RS

Hours of Daylight and Twilight in Dandot RSJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 hr24 hr4 hr20 hr8 hr16 hr12 hr12 hr16 hr8 hr20 hr4 hr24 hr0 hr12 hr, 6 minMar 2012 hr, 6 minMar 2014 hr, 18 minJun 2114 hr, 18 minJun 2112 hr, 8 minSep 2212 hr, 8 minSep 2210 hr, 0 minDec 2110 hr, 0 minDec 21nightnightdayNowNow
The number of hours during which the Sun is visible (black line). From bottom (most yellow) to top (most gray), the color bands indicate: full daylight, twilight (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and full night.
Hours ofJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Daylight 10.3h11.0h12.0h13.0h13.8h14.3h14.0h13.3h12.4h11.4h10.5h10.0h

The earliest sunrise is at 4:59 AM on June 12, and the latest sunrise is 2 hours, 11 minutes later at 7:11 AM on January 9. The earliest sunset is at 5:01 PM on December 4, and the latest sunset is 2 hours, 18 minutes later at 7:19 PM on June 30.

Daylight saving time (DST) is not observed in Dandot RS during 2024.

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in Dandot RS

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in Dandot RSJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec12 AM2 AM4 AM6 AM8 AM10 AM12 PM2 PM4 PM6 PM8 PM10 PM12 AMJun 124:59 AMJun 124:59 AM7:19 PMJun 307:19 PMJun 30Dec 45:01 PMDec 45:01 PM7:11 AMJan 97:11 AMJan 9daynightnightnightnightSolarMidnightSolarMidnightSolarNoonSunriseSunsetNowNow
The solar day over the course of the year 2024. From bottom to top, the black lines are the previous solar midnight, sunrise, solar noon, sunset, and the next solar midnight. The day, twilights (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and night are indicated by the color bands from yellow to gray.

The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation.

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in Dandot RS

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in Dandot RSJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec12 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AM000010101010202020203030303040404050505060607080000010101010202020203030303040404050506060707034NowNow
northeastsouthwest
Solar elevation and azimuth over the course of the year 2024. The black lines are lines of constant solar elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon, in degrees). The background color fills indicate the azimuth (the compass bearing) of the sun. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries of the cardinal compass points indicate the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

The figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases.

Moon Rise, Set & Phases in Dandot RS

The time in which the moon is above the horizon (light blue area), with new moons (dark gray lines) and full moons (blue lines) indicated. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

Dandot RS experiences extreme seasonal variation in the perceived humidity.

The muggier period of the year lasts for 3.9 months, from June 8 to October 4, during which time the comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable at least 24% of the time. The month with the most muggy days in Dandot RS is August, with 28.8 days that are muggy or worse.

The month with the fewest muggy days in Dandot RS is February, with 0.0 days that are muggy or worse.

Humidity Comfort Levels in Dandot RS

Humidity Comfort Levels in Dandot RSmuggyJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%80%80%90%90%100%100%Feb 140%Feb 140%95%Aug 595%Aug 5Jun 824%Jun 824%Oct 424%Oct 424%NowNowmiserablemiserableoppressiveoppressivedrydrycomfortablecomfortablehumidhumid
dry 55°F comfortable 60°F humid 65°F muggy 70°F oppressive 75°F miserable
The percentage of time spent at various humidity comfort levels, categorized by dew point.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Muggy days 0.0d0.0d0.0d0.5d2.7d11.4d26.4d28.8d18.6d3.1d0.1d0.0d

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The average hourly wind speed in Dandot RS experiences mild seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The windier part of the year lasts for 7.8 months, from November 8 to July 1, with average wind speeds of more than 5.1 miles per hour. The windiest month of the year in Dandot RS is April, with an average hourly wind speed of 6.1 miles per hour.

The calmer time of year lasts for 4.2 months, from July 1 to November 8. The calmest month of the year in Dandot RS is September, with an average hourly wind speed of 4.0 miles per hour.

Average Wind Speed in Dandot RS

Average Wind Speed in Dandot RSwindywindyJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 mph0 mph1 mph1 mph2 mph2 mph3 mph3 mph4 mph4 mph5 mph5 mph6 mph6 mph7 mph7 mph8 mph8 mph9 mph9 mphApr 86.2 mphApr 86.2 mphSep 124.0 mphSep 124.0 mphNov 85.1 mphNov 85.1 mphJul 15.1 mphJul 15.1 mphNowNow
The average of mean hourly wind speeds (dark gray line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Wind Speed (mph) 5.65.96.06.15.95.44.94.44.04.65.35.6

The predominant average hourly wind direction in Dandot RS varies throughout the year.

The wind is most often from the south for 1.3 months, from June 10 to July 18, with a peak percentage of 42% on July 6. The wind is most often from the east for 2.5 months, from July 18 to October 3, with a peak percentage of 48% on August 26. The wind is most often from the north for 7.9 months, from October 3 to May 31, with a peak percentage of 55% on January 1.

Wind Direction in Dandot RS

Wind Direction in Dandot RSNSENJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%20%80%40%60%60%40%80%20%100%0%NowNowwestsoutheastnorth
northeastsouthwest
The percentage of hours in which the mean wind direction is from each of the four cardinal wind directions, excluding hours in which the mean wind speed is less than 1.0 mph. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries are the percentage of hours spent in the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

To characterize how pleasant the weather is in Dandot RS throughout the year, we compute two travel scores.

The tourism score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 65°F and 80°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Dandot RS for general outdoor tourist activities is from early October to mid November, with a peak score in the third week of October.

Tourism Score in Dandot RS

Tourism Score in Dandot RSJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec002244668810108.38.33.33.37.17.1NowNowtemperaturetemperature cloudscloudsprecipitationprecipitationtourism score
The tourism score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).

The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 75°F and 90°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Dandot RS for hot-weather activities is from early September to mid October, with a peak score in the last week of September.

Beach/Pool Score in Dandot RS

Beach/Pool Score in Dandot RSJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec002244668810108.38.30.30.37.57.55.25.2NowNowtemperaturetemperature cloudscloudsprecipitationprecipitationbeach/pool score
The beach/pool score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).

Methodology

For each hour between 8:00 AM and 9:00 PM of each day in the analysis period (1980 to 2016), independent scores are computed for perceived temperature, cloud cover, and total precipitation. Those scores are combined into a single hourly composite score, which is then aggregated into days, averaged over all the years in the analysis period, and smoothed.

Our cloud cover score is 10 for fully clear skies, falling linearly to 9 for mostly clear skies, and to 1 for fully overcast skies.

Our precipitation score, which is based on the three-hour precipitation centered on the hour in question, is 10 for no precipitation, falling linearly to 9 for trace precipitation, and to 0 for 0.04 inches of precipitation or more.

Our tourism temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 50°F, rising linearly to 9 for 65°F, to 10 for 75°F, falling linearly to 9 for 80°F, and to 1 for 90°F or hotter.

Our beach/pool temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 65°F, rising linearly to 9 for 75°F, to 10 for 82°F, falling linearly to 9 for 90°F, and to 1 for 100°F or hotter.

Definitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere).

While it does not do so every year, freezing temperatures are seen in Dandot RS over some winters. The day least likely to be in the growing season is January 5, with a 74% chance.

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in Dandot RS

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in Dandot RSgrowing seasonJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%90%Jan 2690%Jan 2690%Dec 1590%Dec 1574%Jan 674%Jan 6Jul 7100%Jul 7100%NowNowvery coldcoldcoolwarmhotswelteringcomfortable
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The percentage of time spent in various temperature bands. The black line is the percentage chance that a given day is within the growing season.

Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F.

Based on growing degree days alone, the first spring blooms in Dandot RS should appear around January 22, only rarely appearing before January 17 or after January 27.

Growing Degree Days in Dandot RS

Growing Degree Days in Dandot RSJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0°F0°F1,000°F1,000°F2,000°F2,000°F3,000°F3,000°F4,000°F4,000°F5,000°F5,000°F6,000°F6,000°F7,000°F7,000°F8,000°F8,000°FJan 2289°FJan 2289°FApr 2900°FApr 2900°FDec 317,963°FDec 317,963°FNowNow
The average growing degree days accumulated over the course of the year, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The brighter period of the year lasts for 3.1 months, from April 22 to July 24, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter above 6.9 kWh. The brightest month of the year in Dandot RS is June, with an average of 7.7 kWh.

The darker period of the year lasts for 3.1 months, from November 8 to February 12, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter below 4.0 kWh. The darkest month of the year in Dandot RS is December, with an average of 3.2 kWh.

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in Dandot RS

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in Dandot RSbrightdarkdarkJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 kWh0 kWh1 kWh1 kWh2 kWh2 kWh3 kWh3 kWh4 kWh4 kWh5 kWh5 kWh6 kWh6 kWh7 kWh7 kWh8 kWh8 kWh9 kWh9 kWhMay 287.8 kWhMay 287.8 kWhDec 213.1 kWhDec 213.1 kWhJul 246.9 kWhJul 246.9 kWhFeb 124.0 kWhFeb 124.0 kWhNowNow
The average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground per square meter (orange line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Solar Energy (kWh) 3.44.25.46.77.67.77.16.66.05.03.83.2

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Dandot RS are 32.642 deg latitude, 72.975 deg longitude, and 922 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of Dandot RS contains very significant variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 1,736 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 1,290 feet. Within 10 miles contains very significant variations in elevation (2,848 feet). Within 50 miles contains large variations in elevation (3,547 feet).

The area within 2 miles of Dandot RS is covered by bare soil (54%) and cropland (46%), within 10 miles by cropland (47%) and bare soil (47%), and within 50 miles by cropland (54%) and bare soil (41%).

This report illustrates the typical weather in Dandot RS, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016.

Temperature and Dew Point

There are 3 weather stations near enough to contribute to our estimation of the temperature and dew point in Dandot RS.

For each station, the records are corrected for the elevation difference between that station and Dandot RS according to the International Standard Atmosphere , and by the relative change present in the MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis between the two locations.

The estimated value at Dandot RS is computed as the weighted average of the individual contributions from each station, with weights proportional to the inverse of the distance between Dandot RS and a given station.

The stations contributing to this reconstruction are:

To get a sense of how much these sources agree with each other, you can view a comparison of Dandot RS and the stations that contribute to our estimates of its temperature history and climate. Please note that each source's contribution is adjusted for elevation and the relative change present in the MERRA-2 data.

Other Data

All data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus.

All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid.

Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database .

Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com .

Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Disclaimer

The information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site.

We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands.

We further caution that our travel scores are only as good as the data that underpin them, that weather conditions at any given location and time are unpredictable and variable, and that the definition of the scores reflects a particular set of preferences that may not agree with those of any particular reader.

Please review our full terms contained on our Terms of Service page.