Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Turkestan KazakhstanIn Turkestan, the summers are hot, arid, and clear; the winters are freezing, snowy, and partly cloudy; and it is windy year round. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 16°F to 94°F and is rarely below -0°F or above 102°F. Based on the beach/pool score, the best time of year to visit Turkestan for hot-weather activities is from mid June to mid August. Average Temperature in TurkestanThe hot season lasts for 3.8 months, from May 19 to September 13, with an average daily high temperature above 82°F. The hottest month of the year in Turkestan is July, with an average high of 94°F and low of 67°F. The cold season lasts for 3.2 months, from November 22 to February 29, with an average daily high temperature below 45°F. The coldest month of the year in Turkestan is January, with an average low of 16°F and high of 34°F.
The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the entire year of hourly average temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day of the year, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day. Loma, United States (6,742 miles away) and Lincoln, United States (6,558 miles) are the far-away foreign places with temperatures most similar to Turkestan (view comparison). CloudsIn Turkestan, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences extreme seasonal variation over the course of the year. The clearer part of the year in Turkestan begins around May 15 and lasts for 5.0 months, ending around October 14. The clearest month of the year in Turkestan is August, during which on average the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 94% of the time. The cloudier part of the year begins around October 14 and lasts for 7.0 months, ending around May 15. The cloudiest month of the year in Turkestan is January, during which on average the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 57% of the time.
PrecipitationA wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. The chance of wet days in Turkestan varies throughout the year. The wetter season lasts 7.3 months, from October 16 to May 25, with a greater than 9% chance of a given day being a wet day. The month with the most wet days in Turkestan is March, with an average of 4.9 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation. The drier season lasts 4.7 months, from May 25 to October 16. The month with the fewest wet days in Turkestan is August, with an average of 0.5 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation. Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation in Turkestan changes throughout the year. Rain alone is the most common for 11 months, from January 28 to December 28. The month with the most days of rain alone in Turkestan is April, with an average of 4.3 days. Snow alone is the most common for 1.0 months, from December 28 to January 28. The month with the most days of snow alone in Turkestan is January, with an average of 1.9 days.
RainfallTo show variation within the months and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Turkestan experiences some seasonal variation in monthly rainfall. The rainy period of the year lasts for 7.5 months, from October 14 to May 28, with a sliding 31-day rainfall of at least 0.5 inches. The month with the most rain in Turkestan is April, with an average rainfall of 1.0 inches. The rainless period of the year lasts for 4.5 months, from May 28 to October 14. The month with the least rain in Turkestan is August, with an average rainfall of 0.1 inches.
SnowfallAs with rainfall, we consider the snowfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Turkestan experiences some seasonal variation in monthly snowfall. The snowy period of the year lasts for 4.1 months, from November 14 to March 18, with a sliding 31-day snowfall of at least 1.0 inches. The month with the most snow in Turkestan is January, with an average snowfall of 3.8 inches. The snowless period of the year lasts for 7.9 months, from March 18 to November 14. The least snow falls around July 10, with an average total accumulation of 0.0 inches.
SunThe length of the day in Turkestan varies significantly over the course of the year. In 2024, the shortest day is December 21, with 8 hours, 58 minutes of daylight; the longest day is June 21, with 15 hours, 24 minutes of daylight.
The earliest sunrise is at 5:46 AM on June 14, and the latest sunrise is 3 hours, 13 minutes later at 8:59 AM on January 3. The earliest sunset is at 5:51 PM on December 9, and the latest sunset is 3 hours, 20 minutes later at 9:11 PM on June 26. Daylight saving time (DST) is not observed in Turkestan during 2024. The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation. MoonThe figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases. HumidityWe base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night. The perceived humidity level in Turkestan, as measured by the percentage of time in which the humidity comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable, does not vary significantly over the course of the year, staying within 1% of 1% throughout.
WindThis section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages. The average hourly wind speed in Turkestan experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year. The windier part of the year lasts for 3.5 months, from June 8 to September 23, with average wind speeds of more than 10.9 miles per hour. The windiest month of the year in Turkestan is August, with an average hourly wind speed of 12.7 miles per hour. The calmer time of year lasts for 8.5 months, from September 23 to June 8. The calmest month of the year in Turkestan is January, with an average hourly wind speed of 9.0 miles per hour.
The predominant average hourly wind direction in Turkestan varies throughout the year. The wind is most often from the north for 2.4 months, from June 16 to August 29, with a peak percentage of 53% on July 20. The wind is most often from the east for 9.6 months, from August 29 to June 16, with a peak percentage of 49% on January 1. Best Time of Year to VisitTo characterize how pleasant the weather is in Turkestan throughout the year, we compute two travel scores. The tourism score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 65°F and 80°F. Based on this score, the best times of year to visit Turkestan for general outdoor tourist activities are from mid May to late June and from late July to mid September, with a peak score in the last week of August. Tourism Score in TurkestanThe beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 75°F and 90°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Turkestan for hot-weather activities is from mid June to mid August, with a peak score in the last week of July. Beach/Pool Score in TurkestanMethodologyFor each hour between 8:00 AM and 9:00 PM of each day in the analysis period (1980 to 2016), independent scores are computed for perceived temperature, cloud cover, and total precipitation. Those scores are combined into a single hourly composite score, which is then aggregated into days, averaged over all the years in the analysis period, and smoothed. Our cloud cover score is 10 for fully clear skies, falling linearly to 9 for mostly clear skies, and to 1 for fully overcast skies. Our precipitation score, which is based on the three-hour precipitation centered on the hour in question, is 10 for no precipitation, falling linearly to 9 for trace precipitation, and to 0 for 0.04 inches of precipitation or more. Our tourism temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 50°F, rising linearly to 9 for 65°F, to 10 for 75°F, falling linearly to 9 for 80°F, and to 1 for 90°F or hotter. Our beach/pool temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 65°F, rising linearly to 9 for 75°F, to 10 for 82°F, falling linearly to 9 for 90°F, and to 1 for 100°F or hotter. Growing SeasonDefinitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere). The growing season in Turkestan typically lasts for 6.2 months (190 days), from around April 7 to around October 14, rarely starting before March 19 or after May 1, and rarely ending before September 28 or after November 1. Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F. Based on growing degree days alone, the first spring blooms in Turkestan should appear around April 1, only rarely appearing before March 21 or after April 11. Solar EnergyThis section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation. The average daily incident shortwave solar energy experiences extreme seasonal variation over the course of the year. The brighter period of the year lasts for 3.5 months, from May 8 to August 24, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter above 6.9 kWh. The brightest month of the year in Turkestan is June, with an average of 8.1 kWh. The darker period of the year lasts for 3.5 months, from October 29 to February 15, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter below 3.0 kWh. The darkest month of the year in Turkestan is December, with an average of 1.7 kWh.
TopographyFor the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Turkestan are 43.297 deg latitude, 68.252 deg longitude, and 702 ft elevation. The topography within 2 miles of Turkestan is essentially flat, with a maximum elevation change of 59 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 697 feet. Within 10 miles is essentially flat (463 feet). Within 50 miles contains only modest variations in elevation (6,522 feet). The area within 2 miles of Turkestan is covered by bare soil (79%), within 10 miles by bare soil (44%) and sparse vegetation (36%), and within 50 miles by bare soil (42%) and sparse vegetation (39%). Data SourcesThis report illustrates the typical weather in Turkestan, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016. Temperature and Dew PointThere is only a single weather station, Shymkent Airport, in our network suitable to be used as a proxy for the historical temperature and dew point records of Turkestan. At a distance of 144 kilometers from Turkestan, closer than our threshold of 150 kilometers, this station is deemed sufficiently nearby to be relied upon as our primary source for temperature and dew point records. The station records are corrected for the elevation difference between the station and Turkestan according to the International Standard Atmosphere , and by the relative change present in the MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis between the two locations. Please note that the station records themselves may additionally have been back-filled using other nearby stations or the MERRA-2 reanalysis. Other DataAll data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus. All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid. Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database . Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com . Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors. DisclaimerThe information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site. We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands. We further caution that our travel scores are only as good as the data that underpin them, that weather conditions at any given location and time are unpredictable and variable, and that the definition of the scores reflects a particular set of preferences that may not agree with those of any particular reader. Please review our full terms contained on our Terms of Service page. |