Average Weather in Madīnat ash Shamāl Qatar

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In Madīnat ash Shamāl, the summers are long, sweltering, oppressive, and arid; the winters are comfortable, dry, and windy; and it is mostly clear year round. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 59°F to 102°F and is rarely below 53°F or above 107°F.

The hot season lasts for 4.6 months, from May 14 to October 2, with an average daily high temperature above 95°F. The hottest day of the year is July 28, with an average high of 102°F and low of 89°F.

The cool season lasts for 3.2 months, from December 5 to March 10, with an average daily high temperature below 76°F. The coldest day of the year is January 24, with an average low of 59°F and high of 69°F.

The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the entire year of hourly average temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day of the year, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.

In Madīnat ash Shamāl, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The clearer part of the year in Madīnat ash Shamāl begins around September 6 and lasts for 2.8 months, ending around November 29. On October 2, the clearest day of the year, the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 93% of the time, and overcast or mostly cloudy 7% of the time.

The cloudier part of the year begins around November 29 and lasts for 9.2 months, ending around September 6. On August 11, the cloudiest day of the year, the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 47% of the time, and clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 53% of the time.

Madīnat ash Shamāl does not experience significant seasonal variation in the frequency of wet days (i.e., those with greater than 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation). The frequency ranges from -0% to 8%, with an average value of 3%.

Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation throughout the year is rain alone, with a peak probability of 8% on March 15.

Rainfall

To show variation within the months and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Madīnat ash Shamāl experiences some seasonal variation in monthly rainfall.

Rain falls throughout the year in Madīnat ash Shamāl. The most rain falls during the 31 days centered around March 12, with an average total accumulation of 0.5 inches.

The least rain falls around June 28, with an average total accumulation of 0.0 inches.

The length of the day in Madīnat ash Shamāl varies over the course of the year. In 2017, the shortest day is December 21, with 10 hours, 30 minutes of daylight; the longest day is June 21, with 13 hours, 47 minutes of daylight.

The earliest sunrise is at 4:42 AM on June 9, and the latest sunrise is 1 hour, 42 minutes later at 6:24 AM on January 12. The earliest sunset is at 4:42 PM on November 30, and the latest sunset is 1 hour, 49 minutes later at 6:31 PM on July 2.

Daylight saving time (DST) is not observed in Madīnat ash Shamāl during 2017.

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

Madīnat ash Shamāl experiences extreme seasonal variation in the perceived humidity.

The muggier period of the year lasts for 7.2 months, from April 21 to November 26, during which time the comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable at least 26% of the time. The muggiest day of the year is August 22, with muggy conditions 98% of the time.

The least muggy day of the year is January 29, with muggy conditions 2% of the time.

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The average hourly wind speed in Madīnat ash Shamāl experiences mild seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The windier part of the year lasts for 5.1 months, from November 10 to April 12, with average wind speeds of more than 5.4 miles per hour. The windiest day of the year is February 11, with an average hourly wind speed of 6.6 miles per hour.

The calmer time of year lasts for 6.9 months, from April 12 to November 10. The calmest day of the year is August 29, with an average hourly wind speed of 4.2 miles per hour.

The predominant average hourly wind direction in Madīnat ash Shamāl is from the north throughout the year.

Madīnat ash Shamāl is located near a large body of water (e.g., ocean, sea, or large lake). This section reports on the wide-area average surface temperature of that water.

The average water temperature experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The time of year with warmer water lasts for 3.5 months, from June 28 to October 11, with an average temperature above 87°F. The day of the year with the warmest water is August 21, with an average temperature of 92°F.

The time of year with cooler water lasts for 3.5 months, from December 22 to April 6, with an average temperature below 72°F. The day of the year with the coolest water is February 10, with an average temperature of 66°F.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The brighter period of the year lasts for 2.6 months, from May 7 to July 25, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter above 7.2 kWh. The brightest day of the year is June 13, with an average of 8.1 kWh.

The darker period of the year lasts for 2.9 months, from November 9 to February 6, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter below 4.7 kWh. The darkest day of the year is December 19, with an average of 3.8 kWh.

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Madīnat ash Shamāl are 26.129 deg latitude, 51.201 deg longitude, and 13 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of Madīnat ash Shamāl is essentially flat, with a maximum elevation change of 46 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 15 feet. Within 10 miles is essentially flat (102 feet). Within 50 miles also contains only modest variations in elevation (443 feet).

The area within 2 miles of Madīnat ash Shamāl is covered by bare soil (62%) and water (37%), within 10 miles by water (58%) and bare soil (41%), and within 50 miles by water (75%) and bare soil (23%).

This report illustrates the typical weather in Madīnat ash Shamāl, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016.

Temperature and Dew Point

There are 2 weather stations near enough to contribute to our estimation of the temperature and dew point in Madīnat ash Shamāl.

For each station, the records are corrected for the elevation difference between that station and Madīnat ash Shamāl according to the International Standard Atmosphere , and by the relative change present in the MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis between the two locations.

The estimated value at Madīnat ash Shamāl is computed as the weighted average of the individual contributions from each station, with weights proportional to the inverse of the distance between Madīnat ash Shamāl and a given station.

The stations contributing to this reconstruction are: Bahrain International Airport (69%, 60 kilometers, west) and Hamad International Airport (31%, 102 kilometers, south).

Other Data

All data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Tables of the Sun, Moon and Planets , by Jean Meeus.

All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid.

Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database .

Time zones for aiports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com .

Maps are © Esri, with data from National Geographic, Esri, DeLorme, NAVTEQ, UNEP-WCMC, USGS, NASA, ESA, METI, NRCAN, GEBCO, NOAA, and iPC.