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Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Bolgar Russia

In Bolgar, the summers are comfortable and partly cloudy and the winters are long, freezing, snowy, windy, and overcast. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 5°F to 78°F and is rarely below -14°F or above 88°F.

Based on the tourism score, the best time of year to visit Bolgar for warm-weather activities is from mid June to mid August.

Climate in Bolgar

freezingcoolcomfortablewarmcoolcoldfreezingJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecNowNow64%64%19%19%overcastclearprecipitation: 1.9 inprecipitation: 1.9 in0.7 in0.7 inmuggy: 14%muggy: 14%0%0%drydrytourism score: 6.9tourism score: 6.90.00.0
Bolgar weather by month. Click on each chart for more information.

The warm season lasts for 3.7 months, from May 13 to September 5, with an average daily high temperature above 66°F. The hottest month of the year in Bolgar is July, with an average high of 77°F and low of 58°F.

The cold season lasts for 3.8 months, from November 19 to March 13, with an average daily high temperature below 30°F. The coldest month of the year in Bolgar is January, with an average low of 7°F and high of 19°F.

Average High and Low Temperature in Bolgar

Average High and Low Temperature in BolgarwarmcoldcoldJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec-20°F-20°F-10°F-10°F0°F0°F10°F10°F20°F20°F30°F30°F40°F40°F50°F50°F60°F60°F70°F70°F80°F80°F90°F90°F100°F100°FFeb 618°FFeb 618°FJul 1978°FJul 1978°F5°F5°F59°F59°FMay 1366°FMay 1366°FSep 566°FSep 566°FNov 1930°FNov 1930°FMar 1330°FMar 1330°F45°F45°F49°F49°F21°F21°F15°F15°FNowNow
The daily average high (red line) and low (blue line) temperature, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted lines are the corresponding average perceived temperatures.
AverageJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
High 19°F20°F32°F51°F66°F74°F77°F73°F61°F47°F32°F22°F
Temp. 13°F13°F24°F43°F57°F65°F69°F65°F54°F41°F27°F18°F
Low 7°F6°F17°F34°F46°F55°F58°F54°F45°F35°F22°F12°F

The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the entire year of hourly average temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day of the year, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.

Average Hourly Temperature in Bolgar

Average Hourly Temperature in BolgarJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec12 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AMNowNowfrigidfrigidfreezingfreezingvery coldcoldcoldcoolcomfortablewarmvery coldfrigidfrigid
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The average hourly temperature, color coded into bands. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

Wakefield, Michigan, United States (5,038 miles away); Greater Sudbury, Canada (4,853 miles); and Sainte-Sophie, Canada (4,726 miles) are the far-away foreign places with temperatures most similar to Bolgar (view comparison).

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In Bolgar, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The clearer part of the year in Bolgar begins around April 9 and lasts for 5.7 months, ending around October 1.

The clearest month of the year in Bolgar is July, during which on average the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 62% of the time.

The cloudier part of the year begins around October 1 and lasts for 6.3 months, ending around April 9.

The cloudiest month of the year in Bolgar is January, during which on average the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 79% of the time.

Cloud Cover Categories in Bolgar

Cloud Cover Categories in BolgarclearercloudiercloudierJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%Jul 2664%Jul 2664%Jan 1319%Jan 1319%Apr 942%Apr 942%Oct 142%Oct 142%NowNowclearmostly clearpartly cloudymostly cloudyovercast
0% clear 20% mostly clear 40% partly cloudy 60% mostly cloudy 80% overcast 100%
The percentage of time spent in each cloud cover band, categorized by the percentage of the sky covered by clouds.
FractionJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Cloudier 79%78%68%56%47%44%38%43%54%65%74%78%
Clearer 21%22%32%44%53%56%62%57%46%35%26%22%

A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. The chance of wet days in Bolgar varies throughout the year.

The wetter season lasts 7.9 months, from April 22 to December 18, with a greater than 21% chance of a given day being a wet day. The month with the most wet days in Bolgar is June, with an average of 7.9 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

The drier season lasts 4.1 months, from December 18 to April 22. The month with the fewest wet days in Bolgar is March, with an average of 4.5 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation in Bolgar changes throughout the year.

Rain alone is the most common for 8.0 months, from March 19 to November 18. The month with the most days of rain alone in Bolgar is June, with an average of 7.9 days.

Snow alone is the most common for 4.0 months, from November 18 to March 19. The month with the most days of snow alone in Bolgar is December, with an average of 4.5 days.

Daily Chance of Precipitation in Bolgar

Daily Chance of Precipitation in BolgarsnowrainsnowJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%80%80%90%90%100%100%Jun 2728%Jun 2728%Mar 2313%Mar 2313%Nov 1818%Nov 1818%NowNowsnowrainmixed
The percentage of days in which various types of precipitation are observed, excluding trace quantities: rain alone, snow alone, and mixed (both rain and snow fell in the same day).
Days ofJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Rain 0.4d0.6d1.8d4.7d6.7d7.9d6.9d6.9d7.3d6.7d2.8d0.7d
Mixed 0.5d0.4d0.7d0.5d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.4d1.0d0.9d
Snow 4.2d3.4d2.0d0.4d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.3d2.0d4.5d
Any 5.1d4.4d4.5d5.6d6.8d7.9d6.9d6.9d7.3d7.4d5.8d6.1d

To show variation within the months and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Bolgar experiences some seasonal variation in monthly rainfall.

The rainy period of the year lasts for 7.9 months, from March 24 to November 22, with a sliding 31-day rainfall of at least 0.5 inches. The month with the most rain in Bolgar is June, with an average rainfall of 1.9 inches.

The rainless period of the year lasts for 4.1 months, from November 22 to March 24. The month with the least rain in Bolgar is January, with an average rainfall of 0.1 inches.

Average Monthly Rainfall in Bolgar

The average rainfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average snowfall.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Rainfall 0.1″0.1″0.4″0.9″1.4″1.9″1.5″1.5″1.7″1.4″0.7″0.2″

Snowfall

As with rainfall, we consider the snowfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Bolgar experiences significant seasonal variation in monthly snowfall.

The snowy period of the year lasts for 6.0 months, from October 17 to April 17, with a sliding 31-day snowfall of at least 1.0 inches. The month with the most snow in Bolgar is December, with an average snowfall of 7.1 inches.

The snowless period of the year lasts for 6.0 months, from April 17 to October 17. The least snow falls around July 21, with an average total accumulation of 0.0 inches.

Average Monthly Snowfall in Bolgar

Average Monthly Snowfall in BolgarsnowsnowJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 in0 in2 in2 in4 in4 in6 in6 in8 in8 in10 in10 in12 in12 in14 in14 inDec 277.4 inDec 277.4 inJul 210.0 inJul 210.0 inOct 171.0 inOct 171.0 inApr 171.0 inApr 171.0 in
The average snowfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average rainfall.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Snowfall 6.9″5.5″3.4″1.1″0.0″0.0″0.0″0.0″0.0″0.9″4.0″7.1″

The length of the day in Bolgar varies extremely over the course of the year. In 2024, the shortest day is December 21, with 7 hours, 11 minutes of daylight; the longest day is June 20, with 17 hours, 22 minutes of daylight.

Hours of Daylight and Twilight in Bolgar

Hours of Daylight and Twilight in BolgarJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 hr24 hr4 hr20 hr8 hr16 hr12 hr12 hr16 hr8 hr20 hr4 hr24 hr0 hr12 hr, 8 minMar 2012 hr, 8 minMar 2017 hr, 22 minJun 2017 hr, 22 minJun 2012 hr, 12 minSep 2212 hr, 12 minSep 227 hr, 11 minDec 217 hr, 11 minDec 21nightnightdayNowNow
The number of hours during which the Sun is visible (black line). From bottom (most yellow) to top (most gray), the color bands indicate: full daylight, twilight (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and full night.
Hours ofJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Daylight 7.9h9.7h11.9h14.2h16.2h17.3h16.7h14.9h12.7h10.4h8.4h7.3h

The earliest sunrise is at 3:04 AM on June 17, and the latest sunrise is 5 hours, 4 minutes later at 8:08 AM on December 29. The earliest sunset is at 3:15 PM on December 13, and the latest sunset is 5 hours, 11 minutes later at 8:26 PM on June 24.

Daylight saving time (DST) is not observed in Bolgar during 2024.

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in Bolgar

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in BolgarJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec12 AM2 AM4 AM6 AM8 AM10 AM12 PM2 PM4 PM6 PM8 PM10 PMJun 173:04 AMJun 173:04 AM8:26 PMJun 248:26 PMJun 24Dec 133:15 PMDec 133:15 PM8:08 AMDec 298:08 AMDec 29daynightnightnightnightSolarMidnightSolarMidnightSolarNoonSunriseSunsetNowNow
The solar day over the course of the year 2024. From bottom to top, the black lines are the previous solar midnight, sunrise, solar noon, sunset, and the next solar midnight. The day, twilights (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and night are indicated by the color bands from yellow to gray.

The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation.

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in Bolgar

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in BolgarJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec12 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AM00001010101020202030304040500000101010102020203030304040501258NowNow
northeastsouthwest
Solar elevation and azimuth over the course of the year 2024. The black lines are lines of constant solar elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon, in degrees). The background color fills indicate the azimuth (the compass bearing) of the sun. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries of the cardinal compass points indicate the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

The figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases.

Moon Rise, Set & Phases in Bolgar

The time in which the moon is above the horizon (light blue area), with new moons (dark gray lines) and full moons (blue lines) indicated. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

Bolgar experiences some seasonal variation in the perceived humidity.

The muggier period of the year lasts for 2.2 months, from June 10 to August 17, during which time the comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable at least 4% of the time. The month with the most muggy days in Bolgar is July, with 4.0 days that are muggy or worse.

The least muggy day of the year is February 25, when muggy conditions are essentially unheard of.

Humidity Comfort Levels in Bolgar

Humidity Comfort Levels in BolgarmuggyJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%80%80%90%90%100%100%Feb 250%Feb 250%Jul 1114%Jul 1114%Jun 104%Jun 104%Aug 174%Aug 174%NowNowmuggymuggycomfortablecomfortabledrydryhumidhumid
dry 55°F comfortable 60°F humid 65°F muggy 70°F oppressive 75°F miserable
The percentage of time spent at various humidity comfort levels, categorized by dew point.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Muggy days 0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.1d1.8d4.0d1.4d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The average hourly wind speed in Bolgar experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The windier part of the year lasts for 8.3 months, from September 14 to May 22, with average wind speeds of more than 10.3 miles per hour. The windiest month of the year in Bolgar is February, with an average hourly wind speed of 11.9 miles per hour.

The calmer time of year lasts for 3.7 months, from May 22 to September 14. The calmest month of the year in Bolgar is July, with an average hourly wind speed of 8.8 miles per hour.

Average Wind Speed in Bolgar

Average Wind Speed in BolgarwindywindyJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 mph0 mph2 mph2 mph4 mph4 mph6 mph6 mph8 mph8 mph10 mph10 mph12 mph12 mph14 mph14 mph16 mph16 mph18 mph18 mphFeb 1012.0 mphFeb 1012.0 mphJul 188.7 mphJul 188.7 mphSep 1410.3 mphSep 1410.3 mphMay 2210.3 mphMay 2210.3 mphNowNow
The average of mean hourly wind speeds (dark gray line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Wind Speed (mph) 11.511.911.711.310.59.48.89.410.511.311.111.2

The predominant average hourly wind direction in Bolgar varies throughout the year.

The wind is most often from the west for 1.7 months, from May 2 to June 23 and for 2.5 months, from August 19 to November 5, with a peak percentage of 40% on October 28. The wind is most often from the north for 1.9 months, from June 23 to August 19, with a peak percentage of 38% on July 24. The wind is most often from the south for 5.9 months, from November 5 to May 2, with a peak percentage of 43% on January 1.

Wind Direction in Bolgar

Wind Direction in BolgarSWNWSJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%20%80%40%60%60%40%80%20%100%0%NowNowwestsouthnortheast
northeastsouthwest
The percentage of hours in which the mean wind direction is from each of the four cardinal wind directions, excluding hours in which the mean wind speed is less than 1.0 mph. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries are the percentage of hours spent in the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

To characterize how pleasant the weather is in Bolgar throughout the year, we compute two travel scores.

The tourism score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 65°F and 80°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Bolgar for general outdoor tourist activities is from mid June to mid August, with a peak score in the last week of July.

Tourism Score in Bolgar

Tourism Score in Bolgarbest timeJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec002244668810106.96.90.00.0NowNowtemperaturetemperaturecloudscloudsprecipitationprecipitationtourism score
The tourism score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).

The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 75°F and 90°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Bolgar for hot-weather activities is from early July to early August, with a peak score in the third week of July.

Beach/Pool Score in Bolgar

Beach/Pool Score in BolgarJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec002244668810104.84.80.00.0NowNowtemperaturetemperature cloudscloudsprecipitationprecipitationbeach/pool score
The beach/pool score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).

Methodology

For each hour between 8:00 AM and 9:00 PM of each day in the analysis period (1980 to 2016), independent scores are computed for perceived temperature, cloud cover, and total precipitation. Those scores are combined into a single hourly composite score, which is then aggregated into days, averaged over all the years in the analysis period, and smoothed.

Our cloud cover score is 10 for fully clear skies, falling linearly to 9 for mostly clear skies, and to 1 for fully overcast skies.

Our precipitation score, which is based on the three-hour precipitation centered on the hour in question, is 10 for no precipitation, falling linearly to 9 for trace precipitation, and to 0 for 0.04 inches of precipitation or more.

Our tourism temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 50°F, rising linearly to 9 for 65°F, to 10 for 75°F, falling linearly to 9 for 80°F, and to 1 for 90°F or hotter.

Our beach/pool temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 65°F, rising linearly to 9 for 75°F, to 10 for 82°F, falling linearly to 9 for 90°F, and to 1 for 100°F or hotter.

Definitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere).

The growing season in Bolgar typically lasts for 5.3 months (159 days), from around April 28 to around October 4, rarely starting before April 10 or after May 17, and rarely ending before September 17 or after October 21.

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in Bolgar

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in Bolgargrowing seasonJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%Apr 2850%Apr 2850%Oct 450%Oct 450%May 1790%May 1790%Sep 1790%Sep 1790%Apr 1010%Apr 1010%Oct 2110%Oct 2110%0%Dec 60%Dec 6Jul 21100%Jul 21100%NowNowfrigidfreezingcoolcomfortablewarmcoldvery cold
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The percentage of time spent in various temperature bands. The black line is the percentage chance that a given day is within the growing season.

Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F.

Based on growing degree days alone, the first spring blooms in Bolgar should appear around May 4, only rarely appearing before April 25 or after May 12.

Growing Degree Days in Bolgar

Growing Degree Days in BolgarJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0°F0°F500°F500°F1,000°F1,000°F1,500°F1,500°F2,000°F2,000°FMay 490°FMay 490°FJul 5900°FJul 5900°FAug 281,800°FAug 281,800°FDec 312,048°FDec 312,048°F
The average growing degree days accumulated over the course of the year, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy experiences extreme seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The brighter period of the year lasts for 3.4 months, from May 2 to August 13, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter above 5.2 kWh. The brightest month of the year in Bolgar is June, with an average of 6.3 kWh.

The darker period of the year lasts for 4.0 months, from October 17 to February 19, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter below 1.7 kWh. The darkest month of the year in Bolgar is December, with an average of 0.5 kWh.

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in Bolgar

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in BolgarbrightdarkdarkJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 kWh0 kWh1 kWh1 kWh2 kWh2 kWh3 kWh3 kWh4 kWh4 kWh5 kWh5 kWh6 kWh6 kWh7 kWh7 kWh8 kWh8 kWh9 kWh9 kWhJul 46.4 kWhJul 46.4 kWhDec 210.5 kWhDec 210.5 kWhMay 25.2 kWhMay 25.2 kWhAug 135.2 kWhAug 135.2 kWhOct 171.7 kWhOct 171.7 kWhFeb 191.7 kWhFeb 191.7 kWhNowNow
The average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground per square meter (orange line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Solar Energy (kWh) 0.71.52.94.45.86.36.25.03.31.70.80.5

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Bolgar are 54.950 deg latitude, 49.067 deg longitude, and 233 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of Bolgar contains only modest variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 138 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 259 feet. Within 10 miles contains only modest variations in elevation (607 feet). Within 50 miles also contains significant variations in elevation (653 feet).

The area within 2 miles of Bolgar is covered by cropland (66%), trees (16%), and grassland (13%), within 10 miles by cropland (35%) and water (34%), and within 50 miles by cropland (50%) and trees (17%).

This report illustrates the typical weather in Bolgar, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016.

Temperature and Dew Point

There are 2 weather stations near enough to contribute to our estimation of the temperature and dew point in Bolgar.

For each station, the records are corrected for the elevation difference between that station and Bolgar according to the International Standard Atmosphere , and by the relative change present in the MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis between the two locations.

The estimated value at Bolgar is computed as the weighted average of the individual contributions from each station, with weights proportional to the inverse of the distance between Bolgar and a given station.

The stations contributing to this reconstruction are:

To get a sense of how much these sources agree with each other, you can view a comparison of Bolgar and the stations that contribute to our estimates of its temperature history and climate. Please note that each source's contribution is adjusted for elevation and the relative change present in the MERRA-2 data.

Other Data

All data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus.

All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid.

Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database .

Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com .

Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Disclaimer

The information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site.

We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands.

We further caution that our travel scores are only as good as the data that underpin them, that weather conditions at any given location and time are unpredictable and variable, and that the definition of the scores reflects a particular set of preferences that may not agree with those of any particular reader.

Please review our full terms contained on our Terms of Service page.