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    Average Weather in Mantasoa Madagascar

    In Mantasoa, the summers are long, warm, and mostly cloudy; the winters are short, cool, and mostly clear; and it is wet year round. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 48°F to 77°F and is rarely below 44°F or above 82°F.

    The warm season lasts for 5.7 months, from October 20 to April 12, with an average daily high temperature above 75°F. The hottest day of the year is December 17, with an average high of 77°F and low of 60°F.

    The cool season lasts for 2.5 months, from June 9 to August 25, with an average daily high temperature below 67°F. The coldest day of the year is July 17, with an average low of 48°F and high of 64°F.

    Average High and Low Temperature

    Average High and Low Temperature in Mantasoawarmwarmcool45°F50°F55°F60°F65°F70°F75°F80°F85°FJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJul 1764°FJul 1764°FDec 1777°FDec 1777°F48°F48°F60°F60°FOct 2075°FOct 2075°FApr 1275°FApr 1275°FJun 967°FJun 967°FAug 2567°FAug 2567°F55°F55°F59°F59°F51°F51°F49°F49°F
    The daily average high (red line) and low (blue line) temperature, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted lines are the corresponding average perceived temperatures.

    The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the entire year of hourly average temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day of the year, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.

    Average Hourly Temperature

    Average Hourly Temperature in Mantasoa12 AM4 AM8 AM12 PM4 PM8 PM12 AMJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDeccoldcoolcomfortablewarm
    The average hourly temperature, color coded into bands: frigid < 15°F < freezing < 32°F < chilly < 45°F < cold < 55°F < cool < 65°F < comfortable < 75°F < warm < 85°F < hot < 95°F < sweltering. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

    Clouds

    In Mantasoa, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences extreme seasonal variation over the course of the year.

    The clearer part of the year in Mantasoa begins around April 6 and lasts for 7.3 months, ending around November 16. On September 14, the clearest day of the year, the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 87% of the time, and overcast or mostly cloudy 13% of the time.

    The cloudier part of the year begins around November 16 and lasts for 4.7 months, ending around April 6. On January 12, the cloudiest day of the year, the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 83% of the time, and clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 17% of the time.

    Cloud Cover

    Cloud Cover in Mantasoaclearercloudiercloudier0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJan 1283%Jan 1283%Sep 1413%Sep 1413%Apr 650%Apr 650%Nov 1649%Nov 1649%overcastmostly cloudypartly cloudymostly clearclear
    The percentage of time spent in each cloud cover band, categorized by the percentage of the sky covered by clouds: clear < 20% < mostly clear < 40% < partly cloudy < 60% < mostly cloudy < 80% < overcast.

    Precipitation

    A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. The chance of wet days in Mantasoa varies very significantly throughout the year.

    The wetter season lasts 4.8 months, from November 20 to April 13, with a greater than 55% chance of a given day being a wet day. The chance of a wet day peaks at 88% on February 15.

    The drier season lasts 7.2 months, from April 13 to November 20. The smallest chance of a wet day is 20% on September 16.

    Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation throughout the year is rain alone, with a peak probability of 88% on February 15.

    Daily Chance of Precipitation

    Daily Chance of Precipitation in Mantasoawetwetdry0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecFeb 1588%Feb 1588%Sep 1620%Sep 1620%Jan 178%Jan 178%Nov 2055%Nov 2055%Apr 1355%Apr 1355%rain
    The percentage of days in which various types of precipitation are observed, excluding trace quantities: rain alone, snow alone, and mixed (both rain and snow fell in the same day).

    Rainfall

    To show variation within the months and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Mantasoa experiences extreme seasonal variation in monthly rainfall.

    Rain falls throughout the year in Mantasoa. The most rain falls during the 31 days centered around January 24, with an average total accumulation of 17.2 inches.

    The least rain falls around September 9, with an average total accumulation of 1.5 inches.

    Average Monthly Rainfall

    Average Monthly Rainfall in Mantasoa0 in5 in10 in15 in20 in25 in30 inJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJan 2417.2 inJan 2417.2 inSep 91.5 inSep 91.5 inJul 13.2 inJul 13.2 in
    The average rainfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average liquid-equivalent snowfall.

    Sun

    The length of the day in Mantasoa varies over the course of the year. In 2017, the shortest day is June 21, with 10 hours, 59 minutes of daylight; the longest day is December 21, with 13 hours, 17 minutes of daylight.

    Hours of Daylight and Twilight

    Hours of Daylight and Twilight in Mantasoa0 hr4 hr8 hr12 hr16 hr20 hr24 hrJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec12 hr, 6 minSep 2212 hr, 6 minSep 2213 hr, 17 minDec 2113 hr, 17 minDec 2112 hr, 8 minMar 2012 hr, 8 minMar 2010 hr, 59 minJun 2110 hr, 59 minJun 21daydaynight
    The number of hours during which the Sun is visible (black line). From bottom (most yellow) to top (most gray), the color bands indicate: full daylight, twilight (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and full night.

    The earliest sunrise is at 5:01 AM on November 26, and the latest sunrise is 1 hour, 21 minutes later at 6:22 AM on July 6. The earliest sunset is at 5:18 PM on June 5, and the latest sunset is 1 hour, 14 minutes later at 6:32 PM on January 17.

    Daylight saving time (DST) is not observed in Mantasoa during 2017.

    Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight

    Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in Mantasoa12 AM2 AM4 AM6 AM8 AM10 AM12 PM2 PM4 PM6 PM8 PM10 PM12 AMJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecNov 265:01 AMNov 265:01 AM6:32 PMJan 176:32 PMJan 17Jun 55:18 PMJun 55:18 PM6:22 AMJul 66:22 AMJul 6daynightnight
    The solar day over the course of the year 2017. From bottom to top, the black lines are the previous solar midnight, sunrise, solar noon, sunset, and the next solar midnight. The day, twilights (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and night are indicated by the color bands from yellow to gray.

    Humidity

    We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

    Mantasoa experiences significant seasonal variation in the perceived humidity.

    The muggier period of the year lasts for 5.2 months, from November 15 to April 21, during which time the comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable at least 11% of the time. The muggiest day of the year is February 6, with muggy conditions 43% of the time.

    The least muggy day of the year is July 9, when muggy conditions are essentially unheard of.

    Humidity Comfort Levels

    Humidity Comfort Levels in Mantasoamuggymuggy0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJul 90%Jul 90%Feb 643%Feb 643%Nov 1511%Nov 1511%Apr 2111%Apr 2111%oppressiveoppressivemuggymuggyhumidhumidcomfortablecomfortabledrydry
    The percentage of time spent at various humidity comfort levels, categorized by dew point: dry < 55°F < comfortable < 60°F < humid < 65°F < muggy < 70°F < oppressive < 75°F < miserable.

    Wind

    This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

    The average hourly wind speed in Mantasoa does not vary significantly over the course of the year, remaining within 0.4 miles per hour of 2.8 miles per hour throughout.

    Average Wind Speed

    Average Wind Speed in Mantasoa0.0 mph0.5 mph1.0 mph1.5 mph2.0 mph2.5 mph3.0 mph3.5 mph4.0 mph4.5 mph5.0 mphJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJul 253.2 mphJul 253.2 mphDec 72.3 mphDec 72.3 mph
    The average of mean hourly wind speeds (dark gray line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

    The predominant average hourly wind direction in Mantasoa is from the east throughout the year.

    Wind Direction

    Wind Direction in Mantasoa0%20%40%60%80%100%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecwestsoutheastnorth
    The percentage of hours in which the mean wind direction is from each of the four cardinal wind directions (north, east, south, and west), excluding hours in which the mean wind speed is less than 1 mph. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries are the percentage of hours spent in the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

    Solar Energy

    This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

    The average daily incident shortwave solar energy experiences some seasonal variation over the course of the year.

    The brighter period of the year lasts for 3.0 months, from September 19 to December 19, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter above 6.5 kWh. The brightest day of the year is November 9, with an average of 7.0 kWh.

    The darker period of the year lasts for 2.5 months, from May 19 to August 5, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter below 4.8 kWh. The darkest day of the year is June 27, with an average of 4.3 kWh.

    Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy

    Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in Mantasoabrightdark0 kWh1 kWh2 kWh3 kWh4 kWh5 kWh6 kWh7 kWh8 kWh9 kWhJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecNov 97.0 kWhNov 97.0 kWhJun 274.3 kWhJun 274.3 kWhSep 196.5 kWhSep 196.5 kWhDec 196.5 kWhDec 196.5 kWhMay 194.8 kWhMay 194.8 kWhAug 54.8 kWhAug 54.8 kWh
    The average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground per square meter (orange line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

    Topography

    For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Mantasoa are -19.017 deg latitude, 47.833 deg longitude, and 4,580 ft elevation.

    The topography within 2 miles of Mantasoa contains significant variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 597 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 4,591 feet. Within 10 miles contains significant variations in elevation (3,058 feet). Within 50 miles contains large variations in elevation (7,818 feet).

    The area within 2 miles of Mantasoa is covered by trees (49%), cropland (19%), grassland (14%), and shrubs (14%), within 10 miles by trees (57%) and grassland (16%), and within 50 miles by trees (42%) and grassland (36%).

    Data Sources

    This report illustrates the typical weather in Mantasoa, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016.

    Temperature and Dew Point

    There is only a single weather station, Ivato International Airport, in our network suitable to be used as a proxy for the historical temperature and dew point records of Mantasoa.

    At a distance of 45 kilometers from Mantasoa, closer than our threshold of 150 kilometers, this station is deemed sufficiently nearby to be relied upon as our primary source for temperature and dew point records.

    The station records are corrected for the elevation difference between the station and Mantasoa according to the International Standard Atmosphere , and by the relative change present in the MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis between the two locations.

    Please note that the station records themselves may additionally have been back-filled using other nearby stations or the MERRA-2 reanalysis.

    Other Data

    All data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Tables of the Sun, Moon and Planets , by Jean Meeus.

    All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid.

    Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

    Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

    Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database .

    Time zones for aiports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com .

    Maps are © Esri, with data from National Geographic, Esri, DeLorme, NAVTEQ, UNEP-WCMC, USGS, NASA, ESA, METI, NRCAN, GEBCO, NOAA, and iPC.