Average Weather in Merikanjaka Madagascar

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In Merikanjaka, the summers are long, warm, and mostly cloudy; the winters are short, cool, and mostly clear; and it is wet year round. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 48°F to 76°F and is rarely below 43°F or above 81°F.

The warm season lasts for 5.7 months, from October 20 to April 12, with an average daily high temperature above 74°F. The hottest day of the year is December 17, with an average high of 76°F and low of 59°F.

The cool season lasts for 2.5 months, from June 9 to August 25, with an average daily high temperature below 66°F. The coldest day of the year is July 17, with an average low of 48°F and high of 63°F.

The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the entire year of hourly average temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day of the year, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.

In Merikanjaka, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences extreme seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The clearer part of the year in Merikanjaka begins around April 7 and lasts for 7.3 months, ending around November 16. On September 13, the clearest day of the year, the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 86% of the time, and overcast or mostly cloudy 14% of the time.

The cloudier part of the year begins around November 16 and lasts for 4.7 months, ending around April 7. On January 12, the cloudiest day of the year, the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 83% of the time, and clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 17% of the time.

A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. The chance of wet days in Merikanjaka varies very significantly throughout the year.

The wetter season lasts 4.8 months, from November 20 to April 13, with a greater than 55% chance of a given day being a wet day. The chance of a wet day peaks at 89% on February 14.

The drier season lasts 7.2 months, from April 13 to November 20. The smallest chance of a wet day is 21% on September 16.

Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation throughout the year is rain alone, with a peak probability of 89% on February 14.

Rainfall

To show variation within the months and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Merikanjaka experiences extreme seasonal variation in monthly rainfall.

Rain falls throughout the year in Merikanjaka. The most rain falls during the 31 days centered around January 25, with an average total accumulation of 17.5 inches.

The least rain falls around September 9, with an average total accumulation of 1.6 inches.

The length of the day in Merikanjaka varies over the course of the year. In 2017, the shortest day is June 21, with 10 hours, 59 minutes of daylight; the longest day is December 21, with 13 hours, 17 minutes of daylight.

The earliest sunrise is at 5:01 AM on November 25, and the latest sunrise is 1 hour, 21 minutes later at 6:22 AM on July 6. The earliest sunset is at 5:17 PM on June 5, and the latest sunset is 1 hour, 15 minutes later at 6:32 PM on January 17.

Daylight saving time (DST) is not observed in Merikanjaka during 2017.

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

Merikanjaka experiences significant seasonal variation in the perceived humidity.

The muggier period of the year lasts for 5.2 months, from November 16 to April 21, during which time the comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable at least 10% of the time. The muggiest day of the year is February 6, with muggy conditions 40% of the time.

The least muggy day of the year is July 10, when muggy conditions are essentially unheard of.

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The predominant average hourly wind direction in Merikanjaka is from the east throughout the year.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy experiences some seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The brighter period of the year lasts for 3.0 months, from September 19 to December 20, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter above 6.4 kWh. The brightest day of the year is November 8, with an average of 7.0 kWh.

The darker period of the year lasts for 2.5 months, from May 20 to August 5, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter below 4.8 kWh. The darkest day of the year is June 27, with an average of 4.2 kWh.

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Merikanjaka are -19.133 deg latitude, 47.850 deg longitude, and 4,777 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of Merikanjaka contains significant variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 732 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 4,808 feet. Within 10 miles contains significant variations in elevation (3,071 feet). Within 50 miles contains large variations in elevation (8,186 feet).

The area within 2 miles of Merikanjaka is covered by trees (58%), shrubs (20%), and cropland (15%), within 10 miles by trees (58%) and grassland (15%), and within 50 miles by trees (43%) and grassland (34%).

This report illustrates the typical weather in Merikanjaka, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016.

Temperature and Dew Point

There is only a single weather station, Ivato International Airport, in our network suitable to be used as a proxy for the historical temperature and dew point records of Merikanjaka.

At a distance of 54 kilometers from Merikanjaka, closer than our threshold of 150 kilometers, this station is deemed sufficiently nearby to be relied upon as our primary source for temperature and dew point records.

The station records are corrected for the elevation difference between the station and Merikanjaka according to the International Standard Atmosphere , and by the relative change present in the MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis between the two locations.

Please note that the station records themselves may additionally have been back-filled using other nearby stations or the MERRA-2 reanalysis.

Other Data

All data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Tables of the Sun, Moon and Planets , by Jean Meeus.

All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid.

Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database .

Time zones for aiports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com .

Maps are © Esri, with data from National Geographic, Esri, DeLorme, NAVTEQ, UNEP-WCMC, USGS, NASA, ESA, METI, NRCAN, GEBCO, NOAA, and iPC.