Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Ganja Azerbaijan

In Ganja, the summers are hot, dry, and clear and the winters are very cold, snowy, and partly cloudy. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 30°F to 90°F and is rarely below 22°F or above 98°F.

Based on the beach/pool score, the best time of year to visit Ganja for hot-weather activities is from late June to early September.

The hot season lasts for 3.4 months, from June 1 to September 12, with an average daily high temperature above 81°F. The hottest month of the year in Ganja is July, with an average high of 89°F and low of 69°F.

The cold season lasts for 3.6 months, from November 20 to March 9, with an average daily high temperature below 52°F. The coldest month of the year in Ganja is January, with an average low of 30°F and high of 43°F.

In Ganja, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The clearer part of the year in Ganja begins around June 4 and lasts for 3.8 months, ending around September 30.

The clearest month of the year in Ganja is August, during which on average the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 95% of the time.

The cloudier part of the year begins around September 30 and lasts for 8.2 months, ending around June 4.

The cloudiest month of the year in Ganja is March, during which on average the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 48% of the time.

A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. The chance of wet days in Ganja varies throughout the year.

The wetter season lasts 6.8 months, from April 4 to October 29, with a greater than 12% chance of a given day being a wet day. The month with the most wet days in Ganja is May, with an average of 5.6 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

The drier season lasts 5.2 months, from October 29 to April 4. The month with the fewest wet days in Ganja is December, with an average of 1.5 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. The month with the most days of rain alone in Ganja is May, with an average of 5.6 days. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation throughout the year is rain alone, with a peak probability of 20% on May 28.

Rainfall

To show variation within the months and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Ganja experiences some seasonal variation in monthly rainfall.

The rainy period of the year lasts for 7.8 months, from March 21 to November 13, with a sliding 31-day rainfall of at least 0.5 inches. The month with the most rain in Ganja is May, with an average rainfall of 1.0 inches.

The rainless period of the year lasts for 4.2 months, from November 13 to March 21. The month with the least rain in Ganja is January, with an average rainfall of 0.1 inches.

The length of the day in Ganja varies significantly over the course of the year. In 2024, the shortest day is December 21, with 9 hours, 15 minutes of daylight; the longest day is June 21, with 15 hours, 6 minutes of daylight.

The earliest sunrise is at 5:22 AM on June 14, and the latest sunrise is 2 hours, 56 minutes later at 8:18 AM on January 5. The earliest sunset is at 5:27 PM on December 7, and the latest sunset is 3 hours, 3 minutes later at 8:29 PM on June 27.

Daylight saving time (DST) is not observed in Ganja during 2024.

The figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases.

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

The perceived humidity level in Ganja, as measured by the percentage of time in which the humidity comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable, does not vary significantly over the course of the year, staying within 4% of 4% throughout.

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The average hourly wind speed in Ganja experiences mild seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The windier part of the year lasts for 3.4 months, from June 5 to September 16, with average wind speeds of more than 6.5 miles per hour. The windiest month of the year in Ganja is July, with an average hourly wind speed of 7.7 miles per hour.

The calmer time of year lasts for 8.6 months, from September 16 to June 5. The calmest month of the year in Ganja is November, with an average hourly wind speed of 5.2 miles per hour.

The predominant average hourly wind direction in Ganja varies throughout the year.

The wind is most often from the east for 8.2 months, from February 29 to November 6, with a peak percentage of 59% on July 26. The wind is most often from the west for 3.8 months, from November 6 to February 28, with a peak percentage of 56% on January 1.

Ganja is located near a large body of water (e.g., ocean, sea, or large lake). This section reports on the wide-area average surface temperature of that water.

The average water temperature experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The time of year with warmer water lasts for 3.0 months, from June 23 to September 24, with an average temperature above 71°F. The month of the year in Ganja with the warmest water is August, with an average temperature of 77°F.

The time of year with cooler water lasts for 4.3 months, from December 11 to April 22, with an average temperature below 51°F. The month of the year in Ganja with the coolest water is February, with an average temperature of 44°F.

To characterize how pleasant the weather is in Ganja throughout the year, we compute two travel scores.

The tourism score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 65°F and 80°F. Based on this score, the best times of year to visit Ganja for general outdoor tourist activities are from late May to late June and from late August to early October, with a peak score in the second week of September.

The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 75°F and 90°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Ganja for hot-weather activities is from late June to early September, with a peak score in the last week of July.

Methodology

For each hour between 8:00 AM and 9:00 PM of each day in the analysis period (1980 to 2016), independent scores are computed for perceived temperature, cloud cover, and total precipitation. Those scores are combined into a single hourly composite score, which is then aggregated into days, averaged over all the years in the analysis period, and smoothed.

Our cloud cover score is 10 for fully clear skies, falling linearly to 9 for mostly clear skies, and to 1 for fully overcast skies.

Our precipitation score, which is based on the three-hour precipitation centered on the hour in question, is 10 for no precipitation, falling linearly to 9 for trace precipitation, and to 0 for 0.04 inches of precipitation or more.

Our tourism temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 50°F, rising linearly to 9 for 65°F, to 10 for 75°F, falling linearly to 9 for 80°F, and to 1 for 90°F or hotter.

Our beach/pool temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 65°F, rising linearly to 9 for 75°F, to 10 for 82°F, falling linearly to 9 for 90°F, and to 1 for 100°F or hotter.

Definitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere).

The growing season in Ganja typically lasts for 8.2 months (251 days), from around March 16 to around November 22, rarely starting before February 27 or after April 4, and rarely ending before November 3 or after December 13.

Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F.

Based on growing degree days alone, the first spring blooms in Ganja should appear around March 29, only rarely appearing before March 14 or after April 12.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy experiences extreme seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The brighter period of the year lasts for 3.1 months, from May 18 to August 21, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter above 6.4 kWh. The brightest month of the year in Ganja is July, with an average of 7.4 kWh.

The darker period of the year lasts for 3.6 months, from October 26 to February 14, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter below 3.1 kWh. The darkest month of the year in Ganja is December, with an average of 2.1 kWh.

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Ganja are 40.683 deg latitude, 46.361 deg longitude, and 1,368 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of Ganja contains only modest variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 440 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 1,356 feet. Within 10 miles contains only modest variations in elevation (3,268 feet). Within 50 miles contains large variations in elevation (12,093 feet).

The area within 2 miles of Ganja is covered by shrubs (38%), grassland (31%), and trees (28%), within 10 miles by cropland (32%) and shrubs (24%), and within 50 miles by trees (28%) and cropland (25%).