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    Average Weather in Maintirano Madagascar

    In Maintirano, the wet season is oppressive and overcast, the dry season is muggy and mostly clear, and it is hot year round. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 69°F to 90°F and is rarely below 66°F or above 93°F.

    Average High and Low Temperature

    Average High and Low Temperature in Maintirano65°F70°F75°F80°F85°F90°F95°FJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJul 1182°FJul 1182°FNov 790°FNov 790°F69°F69°F77°F77°FSep 2888°FSep 2888°FDec 1988°FDec 1988°FMay 2183°FMay 2183°FAug 983°FAug 983°F74°F74°F78°F78°F72°F72°F69°F69°F
    The daily average high (red line) and low (blue line) temperature, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted lines are the corresponding average perceived temperatures.

    The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the entire year of hourly average temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day of the year, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.

    Average Hourly Temperature

    Average Hourly Temperature in Maintirano12 AM4 AM8 AM12 PM4 PM8 PM12 AMJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDeccomfortablewarmhot
    The average hourly temperature, color coded into bands: frigid < 15°F < freezing < 32°F < chilly < 45°F < cold < 55°F < cool < 65°F < comfortable < 75°F < warm < 85°F < hot < 95°F < sweltering. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

    Clouds

    In Maintirano, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences extreme seasonal variation over the course of the year.

    The clearer part of the year in Maintirano begins around April 3 and lasts for 7.6 months, ending around November 20. On July 6, the clearest day of the year, the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 93% of the time, and overcast or mostly cloudy 7% of the time.

    The cloudier part of the year begins around November 20 and lasts for 4.4 months, ending around April 3. On January 18, the cloudiest day of the year, the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 83% of the time, and clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 17% of the time.

    Cloud Cover

    Cloud Cover in Maintiranoclearercloudiercloudier0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJan 1883%Jan 1883%Jul 67%Jul 67%Apr 346%Apr 346%Nov 2045%Nov 2045%overcastmostly cloudypartly cloudymostly clearclear
    The percentage of time spent in each cloud cover band, categorized by the percentage of the sky covered by clouds: clear < 20% < mostly clear < 40% < partly cloudy < 60% < mostly cloudy < 80% < overcast.

    Precipitation

    A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. The chance of wet days in Maintirano varies very significantly throughout the year.

    The wetter season lasts 3.7 months, from December 4 to March 25, with a greater than 36% chance of a given day being a wet day. The chance of a wet day peaks at 70% on January 24.

    The drier season lasts 8.3 months, from March 25 to December 4. The smallest chance of a wet day is 2% on August 16.

    Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation throughout the year is rain alone, with a peak probability of 70% on January 24.

    Daily Chance of Precipitation

    Daily Chance of Precipitation in Maintiranowetwetdry0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJan 2470%Jan 2470%Aug 162%Aug 162%Jan 159%Jan 159%Dec 436%Dec 436%Mar 2537%Mar 2537%rain
    The percentage of days in which various types of precipitation are observed, excluding trace quantities: rain alone, snow alone, and mixed (both rain and snow fell in the same day).

    Rainfall

    To show variation within the months and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Maintirano experiences extreme seasonal variation in monthly rainfall.

    The rainy period of the year lasts for 7.4 months, from October 7 to May 19, with a sliding 31-day rainfall of at least 0.5 inches. The most rain falls during the 31 days centered around January 29, with an average total accumulation of 13.3 inches.

    The rainless period of the year lasts for 4.6 months, from May 19 to October 7. The least rain falls around August 12, with an average total accumulation of 0.2 inches.

    Average Monthly Rainfall

    Average Monthly Rainfall in Maintiranorainrain0 in5 in10 in15 in20 in25 inJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJan 2913.3 inJan 2913.3 inAug 120.2 inAug 120.2 inOct 70.5 inOct 70.5 inMay 190.5 inMay 190.5 in
    The average rainfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average liquid-equivalent snowfall.

    Sun

    The length of the day in Maintirano varies over the course of the year. In 2017, the shortest day is June 21, with 11 hours, 3 minutes of daylight; the longest day is December 21, with 13 hours, 13 minutes of daylight.

    Hours of Daylight and Twilight

    Hours of Daylight and Twilight in Maintirano0 hr4 hr8 hr12 hr16 hr20 hr24 hrJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec12 hr, 6 minSep 2212 hr, 6 minSep 2213 hr, 13 minDec 2113 hr, 13 minDec 2112 hr, 8 minMar 2012 hr, 8 minMar 2011 hr, 3 minJun 2111 hr, 3 minJun 21daydaynight
    The number of hours during which the Sun is visible (black line). From bottom (most yellow) to top (most gray), the color bands indicate: full daylight, twilight (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and full night.

    The earliest sunrise is at 5:18 AM on November 26, and the latest sunrise is 1 hour, 18 minutes later at 6:36 AM on July 6. The earliest sunset is at 5:35 PM on June 4, and the latest sunset is 1 hour, 11 minutes later at 6:46 PM on January 18.

    Daylight saving time (DST) is not observed in Maintirano during 2017.

    Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight

    Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in Maintirano12 AM2 AM4 AM6 AM8 AM10 AM12 PM2 PM4 PM6 PM8 PM10 PM12 AMJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecNov 265:18 AMNov 265:18 AM6:46 PMJan 186:46 PMJan 18Jun 45:35 PMJun 45:35 PM6:36 AMJul 66:36 AMJul 6daynightnight
    The solar day over the course of the year 2017. From bottom to top, the black lines are the previous solar midnight, sunrise, solar noon, sunset, and the next solar midnight. The day, twilights (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and night are indicated by the color bands from yellow to gray.

    Humidity

    We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

    Maintirano experiences extreme seasonal variation in the perceived humidity.

    The muggier period of the year lasts for 9.3 months, from September 6 to June 16, during which time the comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable at least 45% of the time. The muggiest day of the year is February 7, with muggy conditions 100% of the time.

    The least muggy day of the year is July 14, with muggy conditions 26% of the time.

    Humidity Comfort Levels

    Humidity Comfort Levels in Maintiranomuggymuggy0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJul 1426%Jul 1426%100%Feb 7100%Feb 7Sep 645%Sep 645%Jun 1645%Jun 1645%miserablemiserableoppressiveoppressivemuggymuggyhumidhumidcomfortablecomfortabledrydry
    The percentage of time spent at various humidity comfort levels, categorized by dew point: dry < 55°F < comfortable < 60°F < humid < 65°F < muggy < 70°F < oppressive < 75°F < miserable.

    Wind

    This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

    The average hourly wind speed in Maintirano experiences mild seasonal variation over the course of the year.

    The windier part of the year lasts for 5.9 months, from June 4 to December 1, with average wind speeds of more than 4.2 miles per hour. The windiest day of the year is October 11, with an average hourly wind speed of 4.9 miles per hour.

    The calmer time of year lasts for 6.1 months, from December 1 to June 4. The calmest day of the year is March 27, with an average hourly wind speed of 3.6 miles per hour.

    Average Wind Speed

    Average Wind Speed in Maintiranowindy0 mph1 mph2 mph3 mph4 mph5 mph6 mph7 mph8 mphJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecOct 114.9 mphOct 114.9 mphMar 273.6 mphMar 273.6 mphJun 44.2 mphJun 44.2 mphDec 14.2 mphDec 14.2 mph
    The average of mean hourly wind speeds (dark gray line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

    The predominant average hourly wind direction in Maintirano varies throughout the year.

    The wind is most often from the south for 6.3 months, from March 3 to September 13, with a peak percentage of 63% on May 1. The wind is most often from the west for 3.4 months, from September 13 to December 24, with a peak percentage of 36% on November 10. The wind is most often from the north for 2.3 months, from December 24 to March 3, with a peak percentage of 38% on January 1.

    Wind Direction

    Wind Direction in MaintiranoNSW0%20%40%60%80%100%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecwestsoutheastnorth
    The percentage of hours in which the mean wind direction is from each of the four cardinal wind directions (north, east, south, and west), excluding hours in which the mean wind speed is less than 1 mph. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries are the percentage of hours spent in the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

    Water Temperature

    Maintirano is located near a large body of water (e.g., ocean, sea, or large lake). This section reports on the wide-area average surface temperature of that water.

    The average water temperature experiences some seasonal variation over the course of the year.

    The time of year with warmer water lasts for 4.4 months, from December 13 to April 26, with an average temperature above 84°F. The day of the year with the warmest water is March 20, with an average temperature of 86°F.

    The time of year with cooler water lasts for 3.3 months, from June 20 to September 29, with an average temperature below 79°F. The day of the year with the coolest water is July 29, with an average temperature of 78°F.

    Average Water Temperature

    Average Water Temperature in Maintiranowarmcool76°F78°F80°F82°F84°F86°F88°FJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecMar 2086°FMar 2086°F78°FJul 2978°FJul 29Dec 1384°FDec 1384°FApr 2684°FApr 2684°FJun 2079°FJun 2079°FSep 2979°FSep 2979°F
    The daily average water temperature (purple line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

    Solar Energy

    This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

    The average daily incident shortwave solar energy experiences some seasonal variation over the course of the year.

    The brighter period of the year lasts for 2.0 months, from September 19 to November 20, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter above 6.7 kWh. The brightest day of the year is October 21, with an average of 7.2 kWh.

    The darker period of the year lasts for 2.7 months, from May 9 to August 1, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter below 5.3 kWh. The darkest day of the year is June 27, with an average of 4.9 kWh.

    Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy

    Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in Maintiranobrightdark0 kWh1 kWh2 kWh3 kWh4 kWh5 kWh6 kWh7 kWh8 kWh9 kWhJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecOct 217.2 kWhOct 217.2 kWhJun 274.9 kWhJun 274.9 kWhMay 95.3 kWhMay 95.3 kWhAug 15.3 kWhAug 15.3 kWh
    The average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground per square meter (orange line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

    Topography

    For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Maintirano are -18.064 deg latitude, 44.030 deg longitude, and 23 ft elevation.

    The topography within 2 miles of Maintirano contains only modest variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 174 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 46 feet. Within 10 miles also contains only modest variations in elevation (276 feet). Within 50 miles contains only modest variations in elevation (2,785 feet).

    The area within 2 miles of Maintirano is covered by grassland (53%), water (17%), and trees (15%), within 10 miles by water (51%) and trees (19%), and within 50 miles by water (57%) and grassland (18%).

    Data Sources

    This report illustrates the typical weather in Maintirano, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016.

    Maintirano is further than 200 kilometers from the nearest reliable weather station, so the weather-related data on this page were taken entirely from NASA's MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid.

    The temperature and dew point estimates are corrected for the difference between the reference elevation of the MERRA-2 grid cell and the elevation of Maintirano, according to the International Standard Atmosphere .

    All data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Tables of the Sun, Moon and Planets , by Jean Meeus.

    Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

    Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

    Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database .

    Time zones for aiports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com .

    Maps are © Esri, with data from National Geographic, Esri, DeLorme, NAVTEQ, UNEP-WCMC, USGS, NASA, ESA, METI, NRCAN, GEBCO, NOAA, and iPC.