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Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Dondukovskaya Russia

In Dondukovskaya, the summers are warm and mostly clear and the winters are very cold, snowy, and partly cloudy. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 25°F to 86°F and is rarely below 8°F or above 95°F.

Based on the beach/pool score, the best time of year to visit Dondukovskaya for hot-weather activities is from early July to late August.

Climate in Dondukovskaya

very coldcoldcoolwarmhotwarmcoolcoldJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecNowNow85%85%34%34%clearovercastprecipitation: 2.5 inprecipitation: 2.5 in1.3 in1.3 inmuggy: 23%muggy: 23%0%0%drydrybeach/pool score: 7.5beach/pool score: 7.50.00.0
Dondukovskaya weather by month. Click on each chart for more information.

The hot season lasts for 3.3 months, from June 2 to September 10, with an average daily high temperature above 76°F. The hottest month of the year in Dondukovskaya is July, with an average high of 84°F and low of 64°F.

The cold season lasts for 3.7 months, from November 20 to March 9, with an average daily high temperature below 48°F. The coldest month of the year in Dondukovskaya is January, with an average low of 26°F and high of 39°F.

Average High and Low Temperature in Dondukovskaya

Average High and Low Temperature in DondukovskayahotcoldcoldJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0°F0°F10°F10°F20°F20°F30°F30°F40°F40°F50°F50°F60°F60°F70°F70°F80°F80°F90°F90°F100°F100°FFeb 339°FFeb 339°FJul 2886°FJul 2886°F25°F25°F65°F65°FJun 276°FJun 276°FSep 1076°FSep 1076°FNov 2048°FNov 2048°FMar 948°FMar 948°F58°F58°F56°F56°F33°F33°F32°F32°FNowNow
The daily average high (red line) and low (blue line) temperature, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted lines are the corresponding average perceived temperatures.
AverageJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
High 39°F41°F51°F62°F72°F79°F84°F84°F74°F62°F49°F41°F
Temp. 32°F33°F42°F54°F63°F69°F75°F74°F65°F53°F42°F34°F
Low 26°F26°F34°F44°F53°F60°F64°F63°F55°F44°F34°F28°F

The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the entire year of hourly average temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day of the year, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.

Average Hourly Temperature in Dondukovskaya

Average Hourly Temperature in DondukovskayaJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec12 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AMNowNowfreezingfreezingvery coldvery coldcoldcoldcoolcoolcomfortablewarmfreezing
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The average hourly temperature, color coded into bands. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

Columbus, Ohio, United States (5,610 miles away) and Dillsburg, Pennsylvania, United States (5,406 miles) are the far-away foreign places with temperatures most similar to Dondukovskaya (view comparison).

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In Dondukovskaya, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences extreme seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The clearer part of the year in Dondukovskaya begins around June 8 and lasts for 3.9 months, ending around October 3.

The clearest month of the year in Dondukovskaya is July, during which on average the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 83% of the time.

The cloudier part of the year begins around October 3 and lasts for 8.1 months, ending around June 8.

The cloudiest month of the year in Dondukovskaya is January, during which on average the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 64% of the time.

Cloud Cover Categories in Dondukovskaya

Cloud Cover Categories in DondukovskayaclearercloudiercloudierJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%Jul 2585%Jul 2585%Jan 1734%Jan 1734%Jun 859%Jun 859%Oct 360%Oct 360%NowNowclearmostly clearmostly cloudyovercastpartly cloudy
0% clear 20% mostly clear 40% partly cloudy 60% mostly cloudy 80% overcast 100%
The percentage of time spent in each cloud cover band, categorized by the percentage of the sky covered by clouds.
FractionJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Cloudier 64%61%58%55%47%34%17%17%30%45%57%63%
Clearer 36%39%42%45%53%66%83%83%70%55%43%37%

A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. The chance of wet days in Dondukovskaya varies throughout the year.

The wetter season lasts 8.6 months, from October 23 to July 11, with a greater than 25% chance of a given day being a wet day. The month with the most wet days in Dondukovskaya is June, with an average of 9.0 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

The drier season lasts 3.4 months, from July 11 to October 23. The month with the fewest wet days in Dondukovskaya is August, with an average of 6.5 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation.

Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. The month with the most days of rain alone in Dondukovskaya is June, with an average of 9.0 days. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation throughout the year is rain alone, with a peak probability of 31% on June 6.

Daily Chance of Precipitation in Dondukovskaya

Daily Chance of Precipitation in DondukovskayawetwetdryJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%80%80%90%90%100%100%Jun 631%Jun 631%Aug 920%Aug 920%Oct 2325%Oct 2325%Jul 1125%Jul 1125%NowNowrainsnow
The percentage of days in which various types of precipitation are observed, excluding trace quantities: rain alone, snow alone, and mixed (both rain and snow fell in the same day).
Days ofJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Rain 4.5d3.8d5.7d7.9d8.9d9.0d7.3d6.5d6.9d7.3d7.0d5.6d
Mixed 1.8d1.6d1.0d0.2d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.1d0.9d1.7d
Snow 1.7d1.3d0.3d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.6d1.4d
Any 8.0d6.7d7.0d8.0d8.9d9.0d7.3d6.5d6.9d7.4d8.4d8.7d

To show variation within the months and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Dondukovskaya experiences some seasonal variation in monthly rainfall.

Rain falls throughout the year in Dondukovskaya. The month with the most rain in Dondukovskaya is June, with an average rainfall of 2.5 inches.

The month with the least rain in Dondukovskaya is February, with an average rainfall of 0.9 inches.

Average Monthly Rainfall in Dondukovskaya

Average Monthly Rainfall in DondukovskayaJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 in0 in1 in1 in2 in2 in3 in3 in4 in4 in5 in5 in6 in6 in7 in7 inJun 202.5 inJun 202.5 inFeb 120.9 inFeb 120.9 inOct 312.1 inOct 312.1 inAug 131.6 inAug 131.6 inNowNow
The average rainfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average snowfall.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Rainfall 1.0″0.9″1.1″1.7″2.0″2.5″2.0″1.6″1.8″2.0″2.0″1.4″

Snowfall

As with rainfall, we consider the snowfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Dondukovskaya experiences significant seasonal variation in monthly snowfall.

The snowy period of the year lasts for 4.6 months, from November 3 to March 23, with a sliding 31-day snowfall of at least 1.0 inches. The month with the most snow in Dondukovskaya is December, with an average snowfall of 5.7 inches.

The snowless period of the year lasts for 7.3 months, from March 23 to November 3. The least snow falls around July 21, with an average total accumulation of 0.0 inches.

Average Monthly Snowfall in Dondukovskaya

Average Monthly Snowfall in DondukovskayasnowsnowJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 in0 in5 in5 in10 in10 in15 in15 in20 in20 inDec 296.3 inDec 296.3 inJul 210.0 inJul 210.0 inNov 31.0 inNov 31.0 inMar 231.0 inMar 231.0 in
The average snowfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average rainfall.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Snowfall 5.6″4.5″1.6″0.1″0.0″0.0″0.0″0.0″0.0″0.2″2.1″5.7″

The length of the day in Dondukovskaya varies significantly over the course of the year. In 2024, the shortest day is December 21, with 8 hours, 47 minutes of daylight; the longest day is June 20, with 15 hours, 36 minutes of daylight.

Hours of Daylight and Twilight in Dondukovskaya

Hours of Daylight and Twilight in DondukovskayaJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 hr24 hr4 hr20 hr8 hr16 hr12 hr12 hr16 hr8 hr20 hr4 hr24 hr0 hr12 hr, 7 minMar 2012 hr, 7 minMar 2015 hr, 36 minJun 2015 hr, 36 minJun 2012 hr, 10 minSep 2212 hr, 10 minSep 228 hr, 47 minDec 218 hr, 47 minDec 21nightnightdayNowNow
The number of hours during which the Sun is visible (black line). From bottom (most yellow) to top (most gray), the color bands indicate: full daylight, twilight (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and full night.
Hours ofJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Daylight 9.2h10.4h12.0h13.5h14.9h15.5h15.2h14.0h12.5h10.9h9.6h8.8h

The earliest sunrise is at 4:31 AM on June 15, and the latest sunrise is 3 hours, 25 minutes later at 7:56 AM on January 3. The earliest sunset is at 4:37 PM on December 10, and the latest sunset is 3 hours, 32 minutes later at 8:08 PM on June 26.

Daylight saving time (DST) is not observed in Dondukovskaya during 2024.

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in Dondukovskaya

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in DondukovskayaJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec2 AM4 AM6 AM8 AM10 AM12 PM2 PM4 PM6 PM8 PM10 PM12 AMJun 154:31 AMJun 154:31 AM8:08 PMJun 268:08 PMJun 26Dec 104:37 PMDec 104:37 PM7:56 AMJan 37:56 AMJan 3daynightnightnightnightSolarMidnightSolarMidnightSolarNoonSunriseSunsetNowNow
The solar day over the course of the year 2024. From bottom to top, the black lines are the previous solar midnight, sunrise, solar noon, sunset, and the next solar midnight. The day, twilights (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and night are indicated by the color bands from yellow to gray.

The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation.

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in Dondukovskaya

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in DondukovskayaJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec12 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AM00001010101020202020303030404050600000101010102020202030303040405050602269NowNow
northeastsouthwest
Solar elevation and azimuth over the course of the year 2024. The black lines are lines of constant solar elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon, in degrees). The background color fills indicate the azimuth (the compass bearing) of the sun. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries of the cardinal compass points indicate the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

The figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases.

Moon Rise, Set & Phases in Dondukovskaya

The time in which the moon is above the horizon (light blue area), with new moons (dark gray lines) and full moons (blue lines) indicated. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

Dondukovskaya experiences some seasonal variation in the perceived humidity.

The muggier period of the year lasts for 2.9 months, from June 7 to September 4, during which time the comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable at least 6% of the time. The month with the most muggy days in Dondukovskaya is July, with 6.2 days that are muggy or worse.

The least muggy day of the year is February 24, when muggy conditions are essentially unheard of.

Humidity Comfort Levels in Dondukovskaya

Humidity Comfort Levels in DondukovskayamuggyJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%80%80%90%90%100%100%Feb 240%Feb 240%Jul 2923%Jul 2923%Jun 76%Jun 76%Sep 46%Sep 46%NowNowmuggymuggyhumidhumidcomfortablecomfortabledrydryoppressiveoppressive
dry 55°F comfortable 60°F humid 65°F muggy 70°F oppressive 75°F miserable
The percentage of time spent at various humidity comfort levels, categorized by dew point.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Muggy days 0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.3d2.7d6.2d4.8d0.8d0.0d0.0d0.0d

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The average hourly wind speed in Dondukovskaya experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The windier part of the year lasts for 5.0 months, from November 14 to April 16, with average wind speeds of more than 8.2 miles per hour. The windiest month of the year in Dondukovskaya is February, with an average hourly wind speed of 9.7 miles per hour.

The calmer time of year lasts for 7.0 months, from April 16 to November 14. The calmest month of the year in Dondukovskaya is June, with an average hourly wind speed of 6.8 miles per hour.

Average Wind Speed in Dondukovskaya

Average Wind Speed in DondukovskayawindywindyJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 mph0 mph2 mph2 mph4 mph4 mph6 mph6 mph8 mph8 mph10 mph10 mph12 mph12 mph14 mph14 mph16 mph16 mph18 mph18 mphFeb 139.8 mphFeb 139.8 mphJun 156.7 mphJun 156.7 mphNov 148.2 mphNov 148.2 mphApr 168.2 mphApr 168.2 mphNowNow
The average of mean hourly wind speeds (dark gray line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Wind Speed (mph) 9.09.79.58.37.46.87.07.37.78.28.38.4

The predominant average hourly wind direction in Dondukovskaya varies throughout the year.

The wind is most often from the west for 1.9 weeks, from June 14 to June 27, with a peak percentage of 39% on June 14. The wind is most often from the east for 12 months, from June 27 to June 14, with a peak percentage of 38% on January 1.

Wind Direction in Dondukovskaya

Wind Direction in DondukovskayaEWEJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%20%80%40%60%60%40%80%20%100%0%NowNowwesteastsouthnorth
northeastsouthwest
The percentage of hours in which the mean wind direction is from each of the four cardinal wind directions, excluding hours in which the mean wind speed is less than 1.0 mph. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries are the percentage of hours spent in the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

To characterize how pleasant the weather is in Dondukovskaya throughout the year, we compute two travel scores.

The tourism score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 65°F and 80°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Dondukovskaya for general outdoor tourist activities is from early June to mid September, with a peak score in the last week of August.

Tourism Score in Dondukovskaya

Tourism Score in Dondukovskayabest timeJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec002244668810107.57.50.10.17.37.3NowNowcloudscloudsprecipitationprecipitationtourism score
The tourism score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).

The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 75°F and 90°F. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Dondukovskaya for hot-weather activities is from early July to late August, with a peak score in the last week of July.

Beach/Pool Score in Dondukovskaya

Beach/Pool Score in Dondukovskayabest timeJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec002244668810107.57.50.00.0NowNow cloudscloudsprecipitationprecipitationbeach/pool score
The beach/pool score (filled area), and its constituents: the temperature score (red line), the cloud cover score (blue line), and the precipitation score (green line).

Methodology

For each hour between 8:00 AM and 9:00 PM of each day in the analysis period (1980 to 2016), independent scores are computed for perceived temperature, cloud cover, and total precipitation. Those scores are combined into a single hourly composite score, which is then aggregated into days, averaged over all the years in the analysis period, and smoothed.

Our cloud cover score is 10 for fully clear skies, falling linearly to 9 for mostly clear skies, and to 1 for fully overcast skies.

Our precipitation score, which is based on the three-hour precipitation centered on the hour in question, is 10 for no precipitation, falling linearly to 9 for trace precipitation, and to 0 for 0.04 inches of precipitation or more.

Our tourism temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 50°F, rising linearly to 9 for 65°F, to 10 for 75°F, falling linearly to 9 for 80°F, and to 1 for 90°F or hotter.

Our beach/pool temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 65°F, rising linearly to 9 for 75°F, to 10 for 82°F, falling linearly to 9 for 90°F, and to 1 for 100°F or hotter.

Definitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere).

The growing season in Dondukovskaya typically lasts for 7.0 months (214 days), from around March 29 to around October 29, rarely starting before March 12 or after April 14, and rarely ending before October 9 or after November 19.

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in Dondukovskaya

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in Dondukovskayagrowing seasonJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%50%Mar 2950%Mar 2950%Oct 2950%Oct 2990%Apr 1490%Apr 1490%Oct 990%Oct 910%Mar 1210%Mar 1210%Nov 1910%Nov 190%Dec 230%Dec 23Jul 12100%Jul 12100%freezingvery coldcoldcoolcomfortablewarmhotfrigid
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The percentage of time spent in various temperature bands. The black line is the percentage chance that a given day is within the growing season.

Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F.

Based on growing degree days alone, the first spring blooms in Dondukovskaya should appear around April 6, only rarely appearing before March 21 or after April 24.

Growing Degree Days in Dondukovskaya

Growing Degree Days in DondukovskayaJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0°F0°F500°F500°F1,000°F1,000°F1,500°F1,500°F2,000°F2,000°F2,500°F2,500°F3,000°F3,000°F3,500°F3,500°FApr 689°FApr 689°FJun 15900°FJun 15900°FJul 251,800°FJul 251,800°FDec 313,352°FDec 313,352°F
The average growing degree days accumulated over the course of the year, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy experiences extreme seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The brighter period of the year lasts for 3.5 months, from May 8 to August 22, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter above 5.9 kWh. The brightest month of the year in Dondukovskaya is July, with an average of 6.9 kWh.

The darker period of the year lasts for 3.5 months, from October 29 to February 14, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter below 2.4 kWh. The darkest month of the year in Dondukovskaya is December, with an average of 1.3 kWh.

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in Dondukovskaya

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in DondukovskayabrightdarkdarkJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec0 kWh0 kWh1 kWh1 kWh2 kWh2 kWh3 kWh3 kWh4 kWh4 kWh5 kWh5 kWh6 kWh6 kWh7 kWh7 kWh8 kWh8 kWh9 kWh9 kWhJul 67.0 kWhJul 67.0 kWhDec 221.3 kWhDec 221.3 kWhMay 85.9 kWhMay 85.9 kWhAug 225.9 kWhAug 225.9 kWhOct 292.4 kWhOct 292.4 kWhFeb 142.4 kWhFeb 142.4 kWhNowNow
The average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground per square meter (orange line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Solar Energy (kWh) 1.62.53.64.96.06.76.96.14.73.11.81.3

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Dondukovskaya are 44.882 deg latitude, 40.363 deg longitude, and 472 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of Dondukovskaya contains only modest variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 167 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 479 feet. Within 10 miles contains only modest variations in elevation (551 feet). Within 50 miles contains significant variations in elevation (4,656 feet).

The area within 2 miles of Dondukovskaya is covered by cropland (58%), trees (26%), and grassland (16%), within 10 miles by cropland (72%) and trees (20%), and within 50 miles by cropland (55%) and trees (35%).

This report illustrates the typical weather in Dondukovskaya, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016.

Temperature and Dew Point

There are 2 weather stations near enough to contribute to our estimation of the temperature and dew point in Dondukovskaya.

For each station, the records are corrected for the elevation difference between that station and Dondukovskaya according to the International Standard Atmosphere , and by the relative change present in the MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis between the two locations.

The estimated value at Dondukovskaya is computed as the weighted average of the individual contributions from each station, with weights proportional to the inverse of the distance between Dondukovskaya and a given station.

The stations contributing to this reconstruction are:

To get a sense of how much these sources agree with each other, you can view a comparison of Dondukovskaya and the stations that contribute to our estimates of its temperature history and climate. Please note that each source's contribution is adjusted for elevation and the relative change present in the MERRA-2 data.

Other Data

All data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus.

All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid.

Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database .

Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com .

Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Disclaimer

The information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site.

We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands.

We further caution that our travel scores are only as good as the data that underpin them, that weather conditions at any given location and time are unpredictable and variable, and that the definition of the scores reflects a particular set of preferences that may not agree with those of any particular reader.

Please review our full terms contained on our Terms of Service page.