Average Weather in Qurayyat Saudi Arabia

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5. Qurayyat

In Qurayyat, the summers are long, sweltering, arid, and clear and the winters are cold, dry, and mostly clear. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 37°F to 101°F and is rarely below 30°F or above 107°F.

The hot season lasts for 4.1 months, from May 24 to September 26, with an average daily high temperature above 92°F. The hottest day of the year is August 1, with an average high of 101°F and low of 70°F.

The cool season lasts for 3.2 months, from November 26 to March 2, with an average daily high temperature below 67°F. The coldest day of the year is January 11, with an average low of 37°F and high of 59°F.

The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the entire year of hourly average temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day of the year, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.

In Qurayyat, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The clearer part of the year in Qurayyat begins around May 24 and lasts for 4.7 months, ending around October 15. On June 29, the clearest day of the year, the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 100% of the time, and overcast or mostly cloudy 0% of the time.

The cloudier part of the year begins around October 15 and lasts for 7.3 months, ending around May 24. On December 19, the cloudiest day of the year, the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 29% of the time, and clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 71% of the time.

Qurayyat does not experience significant seasonal variation in the frequency of wet days (i.e., those with greater than 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation). The frequency ranges from 0% to 6%, with an average value of 2%.

Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation throughout the year is rain alone, with a peak probability of 6% on February 10.

Rainfall

To show variation within the months and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Qurayyat experiences some seasonal variation in monthly rainfall.

Rain falls throughout the year in Qurayyat. The most rain falls during the 31 days centered around January 9, with an average total accumulation of 0.3 inches.

The least rain falls around July 11, with an average total accumulation of 0.0 inches.

The length of the day in Qurayyat varies significantly over the course of the year. In 2017, the shortest day is December 21, with 10 hours, 7 minutes of daylight; the longest day is June 21, with 14 hours, 11 minutes of daylight.

The earliest sunrise is at 5:25 AM on June 12, and the latest sunrise is 2 hours, 5 minutes later at 7:30 AM on January 9. The earliest sunset is at 5:27 PM on December 3, and the latest sunset is 2 hours, 12 minutes later at 7:39 PM on June 30.

Daylight saving time (DST) is not observed in Qurayyat during 2017.

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

The perceived humidity level in Qurayyat, as measured by the percentage of time in which the humidity comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable, does not vary significantly over the course of the year, staying within 1% of 1% throughout.

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The average hourly wind speed in Qurayyat experiences mild seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The windier part of the year lasts for 4.6 months, from April 15 to September 3, with average wind speeds of more than 5.1 miles per hour. The windiest day of the year is July 15, with an average hourly wind speed of 6.1 miles per hour.

The calmer time of year lasts for 7.4 months, from September 3 to April 15. The calmest day of the year is October 18, with an average hourly wind speed of 4.1 miles per hour.

The predominant average hourly wind direction in Qurayyat varies throughout the year.

The wind is most often from the north for 1.1 weeks, from October 10 to October 18, with a peak percentage of 35% on October 11. The wind is most often from the west for 3.4 weeks, from October 18 to November 11 and for 10 months, from November 29 to October 10, with a peak percentage of 33% on October 18. The wind is most often from the east for 2.6 weeks, from November 11 to November 29, with a peak percentage of 32% on November 16.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy experiences extreme seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The brighter period of the year lasts for 3.6 months, from May 6 to August 25, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter above 7.7 kWh. The brightest day of the year is June 24, with an average of 8.8 kWh.

The darker period of the year lasts for 3.1 months, from November 5 to February 9, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter below 4.4 kWh. The darkest day of the year is December 24, with an average of 3.3 kWh.

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Qurayyat are 31.332 deg latitude, 37.343 deg longitude, and 1,637 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of Qurayyat contains only modest variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 174 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 1,645 feet. Within 10 miles also contains only modest variations in elevation (469 feet). Within 50 miles contains only modest variations in elevation (1,798 feet).

The area within 2 miles of Qurayyat is covered by bare soil (96%), within 10 miles by bare soil (97%), and within 50 miles by bare soil (94%).

This report illustrates the typical weather in Qurayyat, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016.

Temperature and Dew Point

There are 2 weather stations near enough to contribute to our estimation of the temperature and dew point in Qurayyat.

For each station, the records are corrected for the elevation difference between that station and Qurayyat according to the International Standard Atmosphere , and by the relative change present in the MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis between the two locations.

The estimated value at Qurayyat is computed as the weighted average of the individual contributions from each station, with weights proportional to the inverse of the distance between Qurayyat and a given station.

The stations contributing to this reconstruction are: Gurayat Domestic Airport (98%, 11 kilometers, northwest) and Turaif Domestic Airport (2.1%, 138 kilometers, east).

Other Data

All data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Tables of the Sun, Moon and Planets , by Jean Meeus.

All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid.

Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database .

Time zones for aiports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com .

Maps are © Esri, with data from National Geographic, Esri, DeLorme, NAVTEQ, UNEP-WCMC, USGS, NASA, ESA, METI, NRCAN, GEBCO, NOAA, and iPC.