Winter Weather in Koolbaai Sint Maarten

Daily high temperatures are around 83°F, rarely falling below 80°F or exceeding 87°F. The lowest daily average high temperature is 82°F on February 13.

Daily low temperatures are around 76°F, rarely falling below 72°F or exceeding 79°F. The lowest daily average low temperature is 75°F on February 14.

For reference, on August 27, the hottest day of the year, temperatures in Koolbaai typically range from 80°F to 88°F, while on February 11, the coldest day of the year, they range from 75°F to 82°F.

The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the hourly average winter temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.

Tevaitoa, French Polynesia (6,480 miles away) is the far-away foreign place with temperatures most similar to Koolbaai (view comparison).

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The winter in Koolbaai experiences decreasing cloud cover, with the percentage of time that the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy decreasing from 33% to 22%. The lowest chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 18% on January 12.

The clearest day of the winter is January 12, with clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy conditions 82% of the time.

For reference, on May 29, the cloudiest day of the year, the chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 69%, while on January 12, the clearest day of the year, the chance of clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy skies is 82%.

A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. In Koolbaai, the chance of a wet day over the course of the winter is very rapidly decreasing, starting the season at 13% and ending it at 3%.

For reference, the year's highest daily chance of a wet day is 22% on October 24, and its lowest chance is 3% on January 16.

Rainfall

To show variation within the season and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day.

The average sliding 31-day rainfall during the winter in Koolbaai is rapidly decreasing, starting the season at 1.4 inches, when it rarely exceeds 4.0 inches, and ending the season at 0.2 inches, when it rarely exceeds 0.7 inches or falls below -0.0 inches.

The lowest average 31-day accumulation is 0.2 inches on January 28.

Over the course of the winter in Koolbaai, the length of the day is increasing. From the start to the end of the season, the length of the day increases by 39 minutes, implying an average daily increase of 27 seconds, and weekly increase of 3 minutes, 6 seconds.

The shortest day of the winter is December 21, with 11 hours, 3 minutes of daylight and the longest day is February 28, with 11 hours, 47 minutes of daylight.

The earliest sunrise of the winter in Koolbaai is 6:27 AM on December 1 and the latest sunrise is 19 minutes later at 6:46 AM on January 19.

The earliest sunset is 5:35 PM on December 1 and the latest sunset is 43 minutes later at 6:18 PM on February 28.

Daylight saving time is not observed in Koolbaai during 2024.

For reference, on June 20, the longest day of the year, the Sun rises at 5:37 AM and sets 13 hours, 13 minutes later, at 6:50 PM, while on December 21, the shortest day of the year, it rises at 6:39 AM and sets 11 hours, 3 minutes later, at 5:42 PM.

The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation.

The figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for the winter of 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases. The label associated with each bar indicates the date and time that the phase is obtained, and the companion time labels indicate the rise and set times of the Moon for the nearest time interval in which the moon is above the horizon.

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

The chance that a given day will be muggy in Koolbaai is rapidly decreasing during the winter, falling from 97% to 84% over the course of the season.

For reference, on August 4, the muggiest day of the year, there are muggy conditions 100% of the time, while on March 5, the least muggy day of the year, there are muggy conditions 83% of the time.

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The average hourly wind speed in Koolbaai is essentially constant during the winter, remaining within 0.5 miles per hour of 15.5 miles per hour throughout.

For reference, on July 12, the windiest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 16.7 miles per hour, while on October 9, the calmest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 12.3 miles per hour.

The highest daily average wind speed during the winter is 16.0 miles per hour on January 12.

The hourly average wind direction in Koolbaai throughout the winter is predominantly from the east, with a peak proportion of 93% on January 15.

Koolbaai is located near a large body of water (e.g., ocean, sea, or large lake). This section reports on the wide-area average surface temperature of that water.

The average surface water temperature in Koolbaai is gradually decreasing during the winter, falling by 3°F, from 82°F to 79°F, over the course of the season.

Definitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere).

Temperatures in Koolbaai are sufficiently warm year round that it is not entirely meaningful to discuss the growing season in these terms. We nevertheless include the chart below as an illustration of the distribution of temperatures experienced throughout the year.

Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F.

The average accumulated growing degree days in Koolbaai are very rapidly decreasing during the winter, decreasing by 8,765°F, from 10,382°F to 1,617°F, over the course of the season.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy in Koolbaai is rapidly increasing during the winter, rising by 1.6 kWh, from 4.8 kWh to 6.4 kWh, over the course of the season.

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Koolbaai are 18.040 deg latitude, -63.084 deg longitude, and 52 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of Koolbaai contains very significant variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 997 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 130 feet. Within 10 miles also contains very significant variations in elevation (1,385 feet). Within 50 miles contains very significant variations in elevation (3,323 feet).

The area within 2 miles of Koolbaai is covered by water (42%), grassland (26%), and trees (22%), within 10 miles by water (91%), and within 50 miles by water (99%).