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Summer Weather at Sennar Sudan

Daily high temperatures decrease by 11°F, from 101°F to 90°F, rarely falling below 85°F or exceeding 107°F. The lowest daily average high temperature is 90°F on August 24.

Daily low temperatures decrease by 6°F, from 81°F to 75°F, rarely falling below 73°F or exceeding 84°F.

For reference, on April 22, the hottest day of the year, temperatures at Sennar typically range from 77°F to 105°F, while on January 11, the coldest day of the year, they range from 62°F to 89°F.

Average High and Low Temperature in the Summer at Sennar

Average High and Low Temperature in the Summer at SennarJunJulAug70°F70°F75°F75°F80°F80°F85°F85°F90°F90°F95°F95°F100°F100°F105°F105°F110°F110°FSpringFallAug 2190°FAug 2190°F75°F75°FJun 1101°FJun 1101°F81°F81°FJul 197°FJul 197°F78°F78°FAug 191°FAug 191°F75°F75°F
The daily average high (red line) and low (blue line) temperature, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted lines are the corresponding average perceived temperatures.

The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the hourly average summer temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.

Average Hourly Temperature in the Summer at Sennar

Average Hourly Temperature in the Summer at SennarJunJulAug12 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AMSpringFallwarmwarmhothotsweltering
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The average hourly temperature, color coded into bands. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

Kolda, Senegal (3,264 miles away) is the far-away foreign place with temperatures most similar to Sennar (view comparison).

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The summer at Sennar experiences very rapidly increasing cloud cover, with the percentage of time that the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy increasing from 53% to 75%. The highest chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 79% on August 17.

The clearest day of the summer is June 1, with clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy conditions 47% of the time.

For reference, on August 17, the cloudiest day of the year, the chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 79%, while on November 17, the clearest day of the year, the chance of clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy skies is 78%.

Cloud Cover Categories in the Summer at Sennar

Cloud Cover Categories in the Summer at SennarJunJulAug0%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%SpringFallNov 1778%Nov 1778%Jun 147%Jun 147%Aug 3125%Aug 3125%Jul 136%Jul 136%Aug 122%Aug 122%clearmostly clearpartly cloudymostly cloudyovercast
0% clear 20% mostly clear 40% partly cloudy 60% mostly cloudy 80% overcast 100%
The percentage of time spent in each cloud cover band, categorized by the percentage of the sky covered by clouds.

A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. At Sennar, the chance of a wet day over the course of the summer is very rapidly increasing, starting the season at 21% and ending it at 56%.

For reference, the year's highest daily chance of a wet day is 63% on July 28, and its lowest chance is -0% on December 24.

Probability of Precipitation in the Summer at Sennar

Probability of Precipitation in the Summer at SennarJunJulAug0%0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%SpringFallJul 2863%Jul 2863%Jun 121%Jun 121%Aug 3156%Aug 3156%Jul 144%Jul 144%rain
The percentage of days in which various types of precipitation are observed, excluding trace quantities: rain alone, snow alone, and mixed (both rain and snow fell in the same day).

Rainfall

To show variation within the season and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day.

The average sliding 31-day rainfall during the summer at Sennar is very rapidly increasing, starting the season at 1.1 inches, when it rarely exceeds 2.2 inches or falls below 0.2 inches, and ending the season at 3.7 inches, when it rarely exceeds 6.9 inches or falls below 1.3 inches.

The highest average 31-day accumulation is 4.8 inches on August 5.

Average Monthly Rainfall in the Summer at Sennar

Average Monthly Rainfall in the Summer at SennarJunJulAug0 in0 in2 in2 in4 in4 in6 in6 in8 in8 inSpringFallAug 54.8 inAug 54.8 inJun 11.1 inJun 11.1 inAug 313.7 inAug 313.7 inJul 13.3 inJul 13.3 in
The average rainfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average snowfall.

Over the course of the summer at Sennar, the length of the day is gradually decreasing. From the start to the end of the season, the length of the day decreases by 30 minutes, implying an average daily decrease of 19 seconds, and weekly decrease of 2 minutes, 16 seconds.

The shortest day of the summer is August 31, with 12 hours, 23 minutes of daylight and the longest day is June 21, with 12 hours, 56 minutes of daylight.

Hours of Daylight and Twilight in the Summer at Sennar

Hours of Daylight and Twilight in the Summer at SennarJunJulAug0 hr24 hr4 hr20 hr8 hr16 hr12 hr12 hr16 hr8 hr20 hr4 hr24 hr0 hrSpringFallJun 2012 hr, 56 minJun 2012 hr, 56 minnightnightdaydayAug 3112 hr, 23 minAug 3112 hr, 23 minAug 112 hr, 43 minAug 112 hr, 43 min
The number of hours during which the Sun is visible (black line). From bottom (most yellow) to top (most gray), the color bands indicate: full daylight, twilight (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and full night.

The earliest sunrise of the summer at Sennar is 5:17 AM on June 1 and the latest sunrise is 17 minutes later at 5:34 AM on August 31.

The latest sunset is 6:17 PM on July 8 and the earliest sunset is 20 minutes earlier at 5:57 PM on August 31.

Daylight saving time is not observed at Sennar during 2024.

For reference, on June 20, the longest day of the year, the Sun rises at 5:19 AM and sets 12 hours, 56 minutes later, at 6:15 PM, while on December 21, the shortest day of the year, it rises at 6:03 AM and sets 11 hours, 20 minutes later, at 5:23 PM.

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in the Summer at Sennar

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in the Summer at SennarJunJulAug12 AM2 AM4 AM6 AM8 AM10 AM12 PM2 PM4 PM6 PM8 PM10 PMSpringFall5:17 AM5:17 AMJun 16:09 PMJun 16:09 PM5:24 AM5:24 AMJul 86:17 PMJul 86:17 PM5:34 AM5:34 AMAug 315:57 PMAug 315:57 PM5:30 AM5:30 AMAug 16:13 PMAug 16:13 PMSolarMidnightSolarMidnightSolarNoonSunriseSunset
The solar day in the summer. From bottom to top, the black lines are the previous solar midnight, sunrise, solar noon, sunset, and the next solar midnight. The day, twilights (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and night are indicated by the color bands from yellow to gray.

The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation.

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in the Summer at Sennar

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in the Summer at SennarJunJulAug12 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AMSpringFall001020203030405050606070800010102030304040506060707080
northeastsouthwest
Solar elevation and azimuth in the the summer of 2024. The black lines are lines of constant solar elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon, in degrees). The background color fills indicate the azimuth (the compass bearing) of the sun. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries of the cardinal compass points indicate the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

The figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for the summer of 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases. The label associated with each bar indicates the date and time that the phase is obtained, and the companion time labels indicate the rise and set times of the Moon for the nearest time interval in which the moon is above the horizon.

Moon Rise, Set & Phases in the Summer at Sennar

Moon Rise, Set & Phases in the Summer at SennarJunJulAug12 AM12 AM4 AM4 AM8 AM8 AM12 PM12 PM4 PM4 PM8 PM8 PM12 AM12 AMSpringFallMay 85:23 AMMay 85:23 AMMay 233:54 PMMay 233:54 PMJun 62:38 PMJun 62:38 PMJun 223:09 AMJun 223:09 AMJul 612:58 AMJul 612:58 AMJul 2112:18 PMJul 2112:18 PMAug 41:14 PMAug 41:14 PMAug 198:26 PMAug 198:26 PMSep 33:56 AMSep 33:56 AMSep 184:35 AMSep 184:35 AM5:18 AM5:18 AM6:31 PM6:31 PM6:09 PM6:09 PM5:41 AM5:41 AM4:51 AM4:51 AM5:55 PM5:55 PM5:23 AM5:23 AM5:34 AM5:34 AM6:59 PM6:59 PM6:35 PM6:35 PM6:16 AM6:16 AM6:26 PM6:26 PM6:04 PM6:04 PM6:01 AM6:01 AM5:42 AM5:42 AM6:17 PM6:17 PM5:23 PM5:23 PM5:41 AM5:41 AM
The time in which the moon is above the horizon (light blue area), with new moons (dark gray lines) and full moons (blue lines) indicated. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

The chance that a given day will be muggy at Sennar is very rapidly increasing during the summer, rising from 70% to 99% over the course of the season.

The highest chance of a muggy day during the summer is 100% on August 12.

For reference, on August 9, the muggiest day of the year, there are muggy conditions 100% of the time, while on January 1, the least muggy day of the year, there are muggy conditions 0% of the time.

Humidity Comfort Levels in the Summer at Sennar

Humidity Comfort Levels in the Summer at SennarJunJulAug0%0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%80%80%90%90%100%100%SpringFallAug 12100%Aug 12100%Jun 170%Jun 170%Aug 3199%Aug 3199%Jul 188%Jul 188%oppressiveoppressivemuggymuggyhumidhumiddrydry
dry 55°F comfortable 60°F humid 65°F muggy 70°F oppressive 75°F miserable
The percentage of time spent at various humidity comfort levels, categorized by dew point.

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The average hourly wind speed at Sennar is rapidly decreasing during the summer, decreasing from 11.5 miles per hour to 8.5 miles per hour over the course of the season.

For reference, on June 19, the windiest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 13.0 miles per hour, while on October 12, the calmest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 6.1 miles per hour.

The highest daily average wind speed during the summer is 13.0 miles per hour on June 19.

Average Wind Speed in the Summer at Sennar

Average Wind Speed in the Summer at SennarJunJulAug0 mph0 mph5 mph5 mph10 mph10 mph15 mph15 mphSpringFallJun 1913.0 mphJun 1913.0 mphJun 111.5 mphJun 111.5 mphAug 318.5 mphAug 318.5 mphAug 110.4 mphAug 110.4 mph
The average of mean hourly wind speeds (dark gray line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

The hourly average wind direction at Sennar throughout the summer is predominantly from the south, with a peak proportion of 85% on July 17.

Wind Direction in the Summer at Sennar

Wind Direction in the Summer at SennarJunJulAug0%100%20%80%40%60%60%40%80%20%100%0%SpringFallsouthnorthwest
northeastsouthwest
The percentage of hours in which the mean wind direction is from each of the four cardinal wind directions, excluding hours in which the mean wind speed is less than 1.0 mph. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries are the percentage of hours spent in the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

Definitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere).

Temperatures at Sennar are sufficiently warm year round that it is not entirely meaningful to discuss the growing season in these terms. We nevertheless include the chart below as an illustration of the distribution of temperatures experienced throughout the year.

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in the Summer at Sennar

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in the Summer at SennarJunJulAug0%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%SpringFall100%Jul 17100%Jul 17warmhotswelteringcomfortable
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The percentage of time spent in various temperature bands. The black line is the percentage chance that a given day is within the growing season.

Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F.

The average accumulated growing degree days at Sennar are very rapidly increasing during the summer, increasing by 2,959°F, from 4,500°F to 7,459°F, over the course of the season.

Growing Degree Days in the Summer at Sennar

Growing Degree Days in the Summer at SennarJunJulAug4,500°F4,500°F5,000°F5,000°F5,500°F5,500°F6,000°F6,000°F6,500°F6,500°F7,000°F7,000°F7,500°F7,500°FSpringFallJun 14,500°FJun 14,500°FAug 317,459°FAug 317,459°FJul 15,530°FJul 15,530°FAug 16,530°FAug 16,530°F
The average growing degree days accumulated over the course of the summer, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy at Sennar is decreasing during the summer, falling by 1.5 kWh, from 5.9 kWh to 4.5 kWh, over the course of the season.

The lowest average daily incident shortwave solar energy during the summer is 4.3 kWh on August 17.

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in the Summer at Sennar

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in the Summer at SennarJunJulAug0 kWh0 kWh1 kWh1 kWh2 kWh2 kWh3 kWh3 kWh4 kWh4 kWh5 kWh5 kWh6 kWh6 kWh7 kWh7 kWh8 kWh8 kWhSpringFallAug 174.3 kWhAug 174.3 kWhJun 15.9 kWhJun 15.9 kWhJul 15.2 kWhJul 15.2 kWhAug 14.4 kWhAug 14.4 kWh
The average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground per square meter (orange line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Sennar are 13.550 deg latitude, 33.617 deg longitude, and 1,421 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of Sennar is essentially flat, with a maximum elevation change of 92 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 1,391 feet. Within 10 miles is essentially flat (180 feet). Within 50 miles contains only modest variations in elevation (958 feet).

The area within 2 miles of Sennar is covered by artificial surfaces (46%), cropland (33%), and water (17%), within 10 miles by cropland (81%), and within 50 miles by cropland (78%).

This report illustrates the typical weather at Sennar, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016.

Temperature and Dew Point

Sennar has a weather station that reported reliably enough during the analysis period that we have included it in our network. When available, historical temperature and dew point measurements are taken directly from this weather station. These records are obtained from NOAA's Integrated Surface Hourly data set, falling back on ICAO METAR records as required.

There are no other weather stations in our network within 200 kilometers of this location. Consequently, in the case of missing or erroneous measurements from this station, we fall back on NASA's MERRA-2 modern-era reanalysis , adjusted according to typical seasonal and diurnal differences between this station and the wide-area MERRA-2 reconstructed values.

Other Data

All data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus.

All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid.

Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database .

Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com .

Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Disclaimer

The information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site.

We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands.

We further caution that our travel scores are only as good as the data that underpin them, that weather conditions at any given location and time are unpredictable and variable, and that the definition of the scores reflects a particular set of preferences that may not agree with those of any particular reader.

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