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Summer Weather at Kayes Airport Mali

Daily high temperatures decrease by 14°F, from 104°F to 90°F, rarely falling below 85°F or exceeding 109°F. The lowest daily average high temperature is 90°F on August 24.

Daily low temperatures decrease by 10°F, from 87°F to 76°F, rarely falling below 74°F or exceeding 91°F.

For reference, on April 29, the hottest day of the year, temperatures at Kayes Airport typically range from 85°F to 107°F, while on January 5, the coldest day of the year, they range from 65°F to 90°F.

Average High and Low Temperature in the Summer at Kayes Airport

Average High and Low Temperature in the Summer at Kayes AirportJunJulAug75°F75°F80°F80°F85°F85°F90°F90°F95°F95°F100°F100°F105°F105°F110°F110°FSpringFallAug 2090°FAug 2090°F77°F77°FJun 1104°FJun 1104°F87°F87°FJul 197°FJul 197°F82°F82°FAug 191°FAug 191°F78°F78°F
The daily average high (red line) and low (blue line) temperature, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted lines are the corresponding average perceived temperatures.

The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the hourly average summer temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.

Average Hourly Temperature in the Summer at Kayes Airport

Average Hourly Temperature in the Summer at Kayes AirportJunJulAug12 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AMSpringFallwarmwarmhotsweltering
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The average hourly temperature, color coded into bands. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

Kassala, Sudan (3,188 miles away) is the far-away foreign place with temperatures most similar to Kayes Airport (view comparison).

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The summer at Kayes Airport experiences very rapidly increasing cloud cover, with the percentage of time that the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy increasing from 48% to 73%. The highest chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 73% on August 31.

The clearest day of the summer is June 6, with clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy conditions 53% of the time.

For reference, on August 31, the cloudiest day of the year, the chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 73%, while on March 1, the clearest day of the year, the chance of clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy skies is 64%.

Cloud Cover Categories in the Summer at Kayes Airport

Cloud Cover Categories in the Summer at Kayes AirportJunJulAug0%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%SpringFallMar 164%Mar 164%Jun 152%Jun 152%Aug 3127%Aug 3127%Jul 147%Jul 147%Aug 133%Aug 133%clearmostly clearpartly cloudymostly cloudyovercast
0% clear 20% mostly clear 40% partly cloudy 60% mostly cloudy 80% overcast 100%
The percentage of time spent in each cloud cover band, categorized by the percentage of the sky covered by clouds.

A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. At Kayes Airport, the chance of a wet day over the course of the summer is very rapidly increasing, starting the season at 20% and ending it at 75%.

For reference, the year's highest daily chance of a wet day is 79% on August 14, and its lowest chance is 0% on February 23.

Probability of Precipitation in the Summer at Kayes Airport

Probability of Precipitation in the Summer at Kayes AirportJunJulAug0%0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%80%80%SpringFallAug 1479%Aug 1479%Jun 120%Jun 120%Aug 3175%Aug 3175%Jul 151%Jul 151%Aug 176%Aug 176%rain
The percentage of days in which various types of precipitation are observed, excluding trace quantities: rain alone, snow alone, and mixed (both rain and snow fell in the same day).

Rainfall

To show variation within the season and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day.

The average sliding 31-day rainfall during the summer at Kayes Airport is very rapidly increasing, starting the season at 1.2 inches, when it rarely exceeds 2.3 inches or falls below 0.3 inches, and ending the season at 6.7 inches, when it rarely exceeds 11.1 inches or falls below 3.2 inches.

The highest average 31-day accumulation is 7.3 inches on August 20.

Average Monthly Rainfall in the Summer at Kayes Airport

Average Monthly Rainfall in the Summer at Kayes AirportJunJulAug0 in0 in2 in2 in4 in4 in6 in6 in8 in8 in10 in10 in12 in12 inSpringFallAug 207.3 inAug 207.3 inJun 11.2 inJun 11.2 inJul 13.4 inJul 13.4 inAug 16.2 inAug 16.2 in
The average rainfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average snowfall.

Over the course of the summer at Kayes Airport, the length of the day is decreasing. From the start to the end of the season, the length of the day decreases by 32 minutes, implying an average daily decrease of 21 seconds, and weekly decrease of 2 minutes, 26 seconds.

The shortest day of the summer is August 31, with 12 hours, 24 minutes of daylight and the longest day is June 21, with 12 hours, 59 minutes of daylight.

Hours of Daylight and Twilight in the Summer at Kayes Airport

Hours of Daylight and Twilight in the Summer at Kayes AirportJunJulAug0 hr24 hr4 hr20 hr8 hr16 hr12 hr12 hr16 hr8 hr20 hr4 hr24 hr0 hrSpringFallJun 2012 hr, 59 minJun 2012 hr, 59 minnightnightdaydayAug 3112 hr, 24 minAug 3112 hr, 24 minAug 112 hr, 45 minAug 112 hr, 45 min
The number of hours during which the Sun is visible (black line). From bottom (most yellow) to top (most gray), the color bands indicate: full daylight, twilight (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and full night.

The earliest sunrise of the summer at Kayes Airport is 6:15 AM on June 2 and the latest sunrise is 18 minutes later at 6:33 AM on August 31.

The latest sunset is 7:18 PM on July 8 and the earliest sunset is 21 minutes earlier at 6:57 PM on August 31.

Daylight saving time is not observed at Kayes Airport during 2024.

For reference, on June 20, the longest day of the year, the Sun rises at 6:17 AM and sets 12 hours, 59 minutes later, at 7:16 PM, while on December 21, the shortest day of the year, it rises at 7:05 AM and sets 11 hours, 16 minutes later, at 6:22 PM.

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in the Summer at Kayes Airport

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in the Summer at Kayes AirportJunJulAug2 AM4 AM6 AM8 AM10 AM12 PM2 PM4 PM6 PM8 PM10 PM12 AMSpringFall6:15 AM6:15 AMJun 27:11 PMJun 27:11 PM6:22 AM6:22 AMJul 87:18 PMJul 87:18 PM6:33 AM6:33 AMAug 316:57 PMAug 316:57 PM6:29 AM6:29 AMAug 17:14 PMAug 17:14 PMSolarMidnightSolarMidnightSolarNoonSunriseSunset
The solar day in the summer. From bottom to top, the black lines are the previous solar midnight, sunrise, solar noon, sunset, and the next solar midnight. The day, twilights (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and night are indicated by the color bands from yellow to gray.

The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation.

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in the Summer at Kayes Airport

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in the Summer at Kayes AirportJunJulAug12 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AMSpringFall001020203030405050606070800010102030304040506060707080
northeastsouthwest
Solar elevation and azimuth in the the summer of 2024. The black lines are lines of constant solar elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon, in degrees). The background color fills indicate the azimuth (the compass bearing) of the sun. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries of the cardinal compass points indicate the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

The figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for the summer of 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases. The label associated with each bar indicates the date and time that the phase is obtained, and the companion time labels indicate the rise and set times of the Moon for the nearest time interval in which the moon is above the horizon.

Moon Rise, Set & Phases in the Summer at Kayes Airport

Moon Rise, Set & Phases in the Summer at Kayes AirportJunJulAug12 AM12 AM4 AM4 AM8 AM8 AM12 PM12 PM4 PM4 PM8 PM8 PM12 AM12 AMSpringFallMay 83:23 AMMay 83:23 AMMay 231:54 PMMay 231:54 PMJun 612:38 PMJun 612:38 PMJun 221:09 AMJun 221:09 AMJul 510:58 PMJul 510:58 PMJul 2110:18 AMJul 2110:18 AMAug 411:14 AMAug 411:14 AMAug 196:26 PMAug 196:26 PMSep 31:56 AMSep 31:56 AMSep 182:35 AMSep 182:35 AM6:23 AM6:23 AM7:41 PM7:41 PM7:18 PM7:18 PM6:45 AM6:45 AM7:29 PM7:29 PM7:05 PM7:05 PM6:28 AM6:28 AM7:15 PM7:15 PM6:49 PM6:49 PM6:18 AM6:18 AM7:33 PM7:33 PM7:11 PM7:11 PM7:08 AM7:08 AM6:47 AM6:47 AM7:22 PM7:22 PM6:29 PM6:29 PM6:48 AM6:48 AM
The time in which the moon is above the horizon (light blue area), with new moons (dark gray lines) and full moons (blue lines) indicated. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

The chance that a given day will be muggy at Kayes Airport is very rapidly increasing during the summer, rising from 50% to 100% over the course of the season.

For reference, on August 12, the muggiest day of the year, there are muggy conditions 100% of the time, while on January 27, the least muggy day of the year, there are muggy conditions 0% of the time.

Humidity Comfort Levels in the Summer at Kayes Airport

Humidity Comfort Levels in the Summer at Kayes AirportJunJulAug0%0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%80%80%90%90%100%100%SpringFallJun 150%Jun 150%Aug 31100%Aug 31100%Jul 191%Jul 191%Aug 1100%Aug 1100%miserablemiserableoppressiveoppressivedrydrymuggymuggyhumidhumidcomfortablecomfortable
dry 55°F comfortable 60°F humid 65°F muggy 70°F oppressive 75°F miserable
The percentage of time spent at various humidity comfort levels, categorized by dew point.

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The average hourly wind speed at Kayes Airport is rapidly decreasing during the summer, decreasing from 8.6 miles per hour to 5.8 miles per hour over the course of the season.

For reference, on January 30, the windiest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 10.7 miles per hour, while on October 17, the calmest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 5.2 miles per hour.

The highest daily average wind speed during the summer is 9.0 miles per hour on June 16.

Average Wind Speed in the Summer at Kayes Airport

Average Wind Speed in the Summer at Kayes AirportJunJulAug0 mph0 mph2 mph2 mph4 mph4 mph6 mph6 mph8 mph8 mph10 mph10 mph12 mph12 mph14 mph14 mphSpringFallJun 169.0 mphJun 169.0 mphJun 18.6 mphJun 18.6 mphAug 315.8 mphAug 315.8 mphJul 18.8 mphJul 18.8 mphAug 17.2 mphAug 17.2 mph
The average of mean hourly wind speeds (dark gray line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

The hourly average wind direction at Kayes Airport throughout the summer is predominantly from the west, with a peak proportion of 65% on July 8.

Wind Direction in the Summer at Kayes Airport

Wind Direction in the Summer at Kayes AirportNWJunJulAug0%100%20%80%40%60%60%40%80%20%100%0%SpringFallwestnorthsoutheast
northeastsouthwest
The percentage of hours in which the mean wind direction is from each of the four cardinal wind directions, excluding hours in which the mean wind speed is less than 1.0 mph. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries are the percentage of hours spent in the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

Definitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere).

Temperatures at Kayes Airport are sufficiently warm year round that it is not entirely meaningful to discuss the growing season in these terms. We nevertheless include the chart below as an illustration of the distribution of temperatures experienced throughout the year.

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in the Summer at Kayes Airport

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in the Summer at Kayes AirportJunJulAug0%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%SpringFall100%Jul 17100%Jul 17warmhotswelteringcomfortable
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The percentage of time spent in various temperature bands. The black line is the percentage chance that a given day is within the growing season.

Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F.

The average accumulated growing degree days at Kayes Airport are very rapidly increasing during the summer, increasing by 3,067°F, from 4,860°F to 7,927°F, over the course of the season.

Growing Degree Days in the Summer at Kayes Airport

Growing Degree Days in the Summer at Kayes AirportJunJulAug5,000°F5,000°F5,500°F5,500°F6,000°F6,000°F6,500°F6,500°F7,000°F7,000°F7,500°F7,500°F8,000°F8,000°FSpringFallJun 14,860°FJun 14,860°FAug 317,927°FAug 317,927°FJul 15,922°FJul 15,922°FAug 16,970°FAug 16,970°F
The average growing degree days accumulated over the course of the summer, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy at Kayes Airport is rapidly decreasing during the summer, falling by 1.5 kWh, from 6.5 kWh to 4.9 kWh, over the course of the season.

The lowest average daily incident shortwave solar energy during the summer is 4.9 kWh on August 21.

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in the Summer at Kayes Airport

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in the Summer at Kayes AirportJunJulAug0 kWh0 kWh1 kWh1 kWh2 kWh2 kWh3 kWh3 kWh4 kWh4 kWh5 kWh5 kWh6 kWh6 kWh7 kWh7 kWh8 kWh8 kWhSpringFallAug 214.9 kWhAug 214.9 kWhJun 16.5 kWhJun 16.5 kWhJul 15.7 kWhJul 15.7 kWhAug 15.1 kWhAug 15.1 kWh
The average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground per square meter (orange line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Kayes Airport are 14.481 deg latitude, -11.404 deg longitude, and 177 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of Kayes Airport is essentially flat, with a maximum elevation change of 82 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 171 feet. Within 10 miles is essentially flat (912 feet). Within 50 miles also contains very significant variations in elevation (1,522 feet).

The area within 2 miles of Kayes Airport is covered by grassland (42%) and cropland (31%), within 10 miles by grassland (41%) and cropland (30%), and within 50 miles by trees (37%) and shrubs (25%).

This report illustrates the typical weather at Kayes Airport, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016.

Temperature and Dew Point

Kayes Airport has a weather station that reported reliably enough during the analysis period that we have included it in our network. When available, historical temperature and dew point measurements are taken directly from this weather station. These records are obtained from NOAA's Integrated Surface Hourly data set, falling back on ICAO METAR records as required.

There are no other weather stations in our network within 200 kilometers of this location. Consequently, in the case of missing or erroneous measurements from this station, we fall back on NASA's MERRA-2 modern-era reanalysis , adjusted according to typical seasonal and diurnal differences between this station and the wide-area MERRA-2 reconstructed values.

Other Data

All data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus.

All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid.

Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database .

Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com .

Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Disclaimer

The information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site.

We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands.

We further caution that our travel scores are only as good as the data that underpin them, that weather conditions at any given location and time are unpredictable and variable, and that the definition of the scores reflects a particular set of preferences that may not agree with those of any particular reader.

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