Winter Weather in Tonghae South KoreaDaily high temperatures decrease by 4°F, from 49°F to 46°F, rarely falling below 31°F or exceeding 58°F. The lowest daily average high temperature is 40°F on January 19. Daily low temperatures are around 29°F, rarely falling below 15°F or exceeding 42°F. The lowest daily average low temperature is 25°F on January 19. For reference, on August 4, the hottest day of the year, temperatures in Tonghae typically range from 72°F to 83°F, while on January 19, the coldest day of the year, they range from 25°F to 40°F. The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the hourly average winter temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day. Borough of Queens, United States (6,848 miles away) is the far-away foreign place with temperatures most similar to Tonghae (view comparison). CloudsThe winter in Tonghae experiences increasing cloud cover, with the percentage of time that the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy increasing from 29% to 39%. The lowest chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 27% on December 25. The clearest day of the winter is December 25, with clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy conditions 73% of the time. For reference, on July 13, the cloudiest day of the year, the chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 57%, while on December 25, the clearest day of the year, the chance of clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy skies is 73%. PrecipitationA wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. In Tonghae, the chance of a wet day over the course of the winter is gradually increasing, starting the season at 15% and ending it at 18%. For reference, the year's highest daily chance of a wet day is 48% on July 13, and its lowest chance is 10% on December 27. Over the course of the winter in Tonghae, the chance of a day with only rain remains an essentially constant 12% throughout, the chance of a day with mixed snow and rain remains an essentially constant 2% throughout, and the chance of a day with only snow remains an essentially constant 1% throughout. RainfallTo show variation within the season and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day. The average sliding 31-day rainfall during the winter in Tonghae is essentially constant, remaining about 1.3 inches throughout, and rarely exceeding 3.1 inches. The lowest average 31-day accumulation is 0.9 inches on December 31. SnowfallAs with rainfall, we consider the snowfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day. The average sliding 31-day snowfall during the winter in Tonghae is gradually increasing, starting the season at 0.3 inches, when it rarely exceeds 1.0 inches or falls below -0.0 inches, and ending the season at 1.1 inches, when it rarely exceeds 3.5 inches or falls below -0.0 inches. The highest average 31-day accumulation is 1.7 inches on February 11. SunOver the course of the winter in Tonghae, the length of the day is rapidly increasing. From the start to the end of the season, the length of the day increases by 1 hour, 34 minutes, implying an average daily increase of 1 minute, 3 seconds, and weekly increase of 7 minutes, 21 seconds. The shortest day of the winter is December 21, with 9 hours, 34 minutes of daylight and the longest day is February 28, with 11 hours, 20 minutes of daylight. The latest sunrise of the winter in Tonghae is 7:38 AM on January 6 and the earliest sunrise is 42 minutes earlier at 6:56 AM on February 28. The earliest sunset is 5:05 PM on December 6 and the latest sunset is 1 hour, 11 minutes later at 6:16 PM on February 28. Daylight saving time is not observed in Tonghae during 2024. For reference, on June 20, the longest day of the year, the Sun rises at 5:02 AM and sets 14 hours, 46 minutes later, at 7:47 PM, while on December 21, the shortest day of the year, it rises at 7:34 AM and sets 9 hours, 34 minutes later, at 5:08 PM. The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation. MoonThe figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for the winter of 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases. The label associated with each bar indicates the date and time that the phase is obtained, and the companion time labels indicate the rise and set times of the Moon for the nearest time interval in which the moon is above the horizon. HumidityWe base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night. The chance that a given day will be muggy in Tonghae is essentially constant during the winter, remaining around 0% throughout. For reference, on August 3, the muggiest day of the year, there are muggy conditions 93% of the time, while on January 1, the least muggy day of the year, there are muggy conditions 0% of the time. WindThis section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages. The average hourly wind speed in Tonghae is gradually decreasing during the winter, decreasing from 12.6 miles per hour to 11.9 miles per hour over the course of the season. For reference, on December 28, the windiest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 13.4 miles per hour, while on June 15, the calmest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 7.4 miles per hour. The highest daily average wind speed during the winter is 13.4 miles per hour on December 28. The hourly average wind direction in Tonghae throughout the winter is predominantly from the west, with a peak proportion of 73% on December 25. Water TemperatureTonghae is located near a large body of water (e.g., ocean, sea, or large lake). This section reports on the wide-area average surface temperature of that water. The average surface water temperature in Tonghae is rapidly decreasing during the winter, falling by 9°F, from 58°F to 49°F, over the course of the season. The lowest average surface water temperature during the winter is 49°F on February 26. Growing SeasonDefinitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere). The growing season in Tonghae typically lasts for 7.6 months (234 days), from around March 25 to around November 13, rarely starting before March 7 or after April 12, and rarely ending before October 28 or after November 30. The winter in Tonghae is very likely fully outside of the growing season, with the chance that a given day is in the growing season reaching a low of 0% on January 27. Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F. The average accumulated growing degree days in Tonghae are very rapidly decreasing during the winter, decreasing by 3,510°F, from 3,515°F to 5°F, over the course of the season. Solar EnergyThis section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation. The average daily incident shortwave solar energy in Tonghae is increasing during the winter, rising by 1.4 kWh, from 2.6 kWh to 4.0 kWh, over the course of the season. The lowest average daily incident shortwave solar energy during the winter is 2.5 kWh on December 19. TopographyFor the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Tonghae are 37.544 deg latitude, 129.107 deg longitude, and 79 ft elevation. The topography within 2 miles of Tonghae contains very significant variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 1,161 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 231 feet. Within 10 miles contains very significant variations in elevation (4,436 feet). Within 50 miles also contains extreme variations in elevation (5,157 feet). The area within 2 miles of Tonghae is covered by sparse vegetation (40%), water (26%), and trees (18%), within 10 miles by water (50%) and trees (30%), and within 50 miles by water (56%) and trees (32%). Data SourcesThis report illustrates the typical weather in Tonghae, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016. Temperature and Dew PointThere are 2 weather stations near enough to contribute to our estimation of the temperature and dew point in Tonghae. For each station, the records are corrected for the elevation difference between that station and Tonghae according to the International Standard Atmosphere , and by the relative change present in the MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis between the two locations. The estimated value at Tonghae is computed as the weighted average of the individual contributions from each station, with weights proportional to the inverse of the distance between Tonghae and a given station. The stations contributing to this reconstruction are:
To get a sense of how much these sources agree with each other, you can view a comparison of Tonghae and the stations that contribute to our estimates of its temperature history and climate. Please note that each source's contribution is adjusted for elevation and the relative change present in the MERRA-2 data. Other DataAll data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus. All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid. Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database . Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com . Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors. DisclaimerThe information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site. We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands. We further caution that our travel scores are only as good as the data that underpin them, that weather conditions at any given location and time are unpredictable and variable, and that the definition of the scores reflects a particular set of preferences that may not agree with those of any particular reader. Please review our full terms contained on our Terms of Service page. |