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Spring Weather in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp North Korea

Daily high temperatures increase by 29°F, from 45°F to 75°F, rarely falling below 37°F or exceeding 83°F.

Daily low temperatures increase by 28°F, from 31°F to 59°F, rarely falling below 24°F or exceeding 65°F.

For reference, on August 4, the hottest day of the year, temperatures in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp typically range from 73°F to 83°F, while on January 19, the coldest day of the year, they range from 22°F to 37°F.

Average High and Low Temperature in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp

Average High and Low Temperature in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭpMarAprMay10°F10°F20°F20°F30°F30°F40°F40°F50°F50°F60°F60°F70°F70°F80°F80°F90°F90°FWinterSummerMar 145°FMar 145°F31°F31°FMay 3175°FMay 3175°F59°F59°FApr 156°FApr 156°F40°F40°FMay 167°FMay 167°F50°F50°F
The daily average high (red line) and low (blue line) temperature, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted lines are the corresponding average perceived temperatures.

The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the hourly average spring temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.

Average Hourly Temperature in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp

Average Hourly Temperature in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭpMarAprMay12 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AMWinterSummerfreezingvery coldcoldcoolcomfortablewarmfreezing
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The average hourly temperature, color coded into bands. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

The Bronx, New York, United States (6,762 miles away) is the far-away foreign place with temperatures most similar to T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp (view comparison).

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Compare T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp to another city:

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The spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp experiences gradually increasing cloud cover, with the percentage of time that the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy increasing from 36% to 43%.

The clearest day of the spring is March 1, with clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy conditions 64% of the time.

For reference, on July 15, the cloudiest day of the year, the chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 53%, while on December 26, the clearest day of the year, the chance of clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy skies is 75%.

Cloud Cover Categories in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp

Cloud Cover Categories in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭpMarAprMay0%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%WinterSummerMar 164%Mar 164%May 3157%May 3157%Apr 160%Apr 160%May 155%May 155%clearmostly clearpartly cloudyovercast
0% clear 20% mostly clear 40% partly cloudy 60% mostly cloudy 80% overcast 100%
The percentage of time spent in each cloud cover band, categorized by the percentage of the sky covered by clouds.

A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. In T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp, the chance of a wet day over the course of the spring is rapidly increasing, starting the season at 14% and ending it at 21%.

For reference, the year's highest daily chance of a wet day is 48% on July 24, and its lowest chance is 9% on February 3.

Over the course of the spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp, the chance of a day with only rain increases from 11% to 21%, the chance of a day with mixed snow and rain decreases from 2% to 0%, and the chance of a day with only snow remains an essentially constant 0% throughout.

Probability of Precipitation in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp

Probability of Precipitation in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭpMarAprMay0%0%5%5%10%10%15%15%20%20%25%25%30%30%35%35%40%40%45%45%WinterSummerMar 114%Mar 114%May 3121%May 3121%Apr 115%Apr 115%May 123%May 123%rainmixed
The percentage of days in which various types of precipitation are observed, excluding trace quantities: rain alone, snow alone, and mixed (both rain and snow fell in the same day).

Rainfall

To show variation within the season and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day.

The average sliding 31-day rainfall during the spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp is very rapidly increasing, starting the season at 1.2 inches, when it rarely exceeds 2.4 inches or falls below 0.2 inches, and ending the season at 3.2 inches, when it rarely exceeds 5.9 inches or falls below 0.8 inches.

Average Monthly Rainfall in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp

Average Monthly Rainfall in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭpMarAprMay0 in0 in2 in2 in4 in4 in6 in6 in8 in8 in10 in10 in12 in12 in14 in14 in16 in16 inWinterSummerMar 11.2 inMar 11.2 inMay 313.2 inMay 313.2 inApr 11.7 inApr 11.7 inMay 13.0 inMay 13.0 in
The average rainfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average snowfall.

Over the course of the spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp, the length of the day is very rapidly increasing. From the start to the end of the season, the length of the day increases by 3 hours, 22 minutes, implying an average daily increase of 2 minutes, 13 seconds, and weekly increase of 15 minutes, 32 seconds.

The shortest day of the spring is March 1, with 11 hours, 20 minutes of daylight and the longest day is May 31, with 14 hours, 42 minutes of daylight.

Hours of Daylight and Twilight in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp

Hours of Daylight and Twilight in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭpMarAprMay0 hr24 hr4 hr20 hr8 hr16 hr12 hr12 hr16 hr8 hr20 hr4 hr24 hr0 hrWinterSummerMar 2012 hr, 8 minMar 2012 hr, 8 minnightnightdaydayMay 3114 hr, 42 minMay 3114 hr, 42 minMay 113 hr, 51 minMay 113 hr, 51 min
The number of hours during which the Sun is visible (black line). From bottom (most yellow) to top (most gray), the color bands indicate: full daylight, twilight (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and full night.

The latest sunrise of the spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp is 7:00 AM on March 1 and the earliest sunrise is 1 hour, 56 minutes earlier at 5:05 AM on May 31.

The earliest sunset is 6:21 PM on March 1 and the latest sunset is 1 hour, 26 minutes later at 7:47 PM on May 31.

Daylight saving time is not observed in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp during 2024.

For reference, on June 20, the longest day of the year, the Sun rises at 5:02 AM and sets 14 hours, 54 minutes later, at 7:57 PM, while on December 21, the shortest day of the year, it rises at 7:43 AM and sets 9 hours, 26 minutes later, at 5:09 PM.

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭpMarAprMay2 AM4 AM6 AM8 AM10 AM12 PM2 PM4 PM6 PM8 PM10 PM12 AMWinterSummer5:05 AM5:05 AMMay 317:47 PMMay 317:47 PM7:00 AM7:00 AMMar 16:21 PMMar 16:21 PM6:13 AM6:13 AMApr 16:52 PMApr 16:52 PM5:30 AM5:30 AMMay 17:21 PMMay 17:21 PMSolarMidnightSolarMidnightSolarNoonSunriseSunset
The solar day in the spring. From bottom to top, the black lines are the previous solar midnight, sunrise, solar noon, sunset, and the next solar midnight. The day, twilights (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and night are indicated by the color bands from yellow to gray.

The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation.

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭpMarAprMay12 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AMWinterSummer00102020303040506000101020303040506070
northeastsouthwest
Solar elevation and azimuth in the the spring of 2024. The black lines are lines of constant solar elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon, in degrees). The background color fills indicate the azimuth (the compass bearing) of the sun. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries of the cardinal compass points indicate the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

The figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for the spring of 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases. The label associated with each bar indicates the date and time that the phase is obtained, and the companion time labels indicate the rise and set times of the Moon for the nearest time interval in which the moon is above the horizon.

Moon Rise, Set & Phases in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp

Moon Rise, Set & Phases in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭpMarAprMay12 AM12 AM4 AM4 AM8 AM8 AM12 PM12 PM4 PM4 PM8 PM8 PM12 AM12 AMWinterSummerFeb 108:00 AMFeb 108:00 AMFeb 249:31 PMFeb 249:31 PMMar 106:01 PMMar 106:01 PMMar 254:01 PMMar 254:01 PMApr 93:22 AMApr 93:22 AMApr 248:50 AMApr 248:50 AMMay 812:23 PMMay 812:23 PMMay 2310:54 PMMay 2310:54 PMJun 69:38 PMJun 69:38 PMJun 2210:09 AMJun 2210:09 AM7:51 AM7:51 AM6:17 PM6:17 PM5:56 PM5:56 PM7:37 AM7:37 AM6:48 AM6:48 AM6:24 PM6:24 PM6:45 PM6:45 PM6:44 AM6:44 AM6:06 AM6:06 AM7:45 PM7:45 PM6:37 PM6:37 PM5:32 AM5:32 AM5:03 AM5:03 AM7:52 PM7:52 PM7:39 PM7:39 PM5:05 AM5:05 AM7:58 PM7:58 PM7:37 PM7:37 PM4:34 AM4:34 AM
The time in which the moon is above the horizon (light blue area), with new moons (dark gray lines) and full moons (blue lines) indicated. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

The chance that a given day will be muggy in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp is gradually increasing during the spring, rising from 0% to 5% over the course of the season.

For reference, on August 3, the muggiest day of the year, there are muggy conditions 94% of the time, while on November 23, the least muggy day of the year, there are muggy conditions 0% of the time.

Humidity Comfort Levels in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp

Humidity Comfort Levels in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭpMarAprMay0%0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%80%80%90%90%100%100%WinterSummerMar 10%Mar 10%May 315%May 315%Apr 10%Apr 10%May 10%May 10%muggymuggyhumidhumiddrydryoppressiveoppressive
dry 55°F comfortable 60°F humid 65°F muggy 70°F oppressive 75°F miserable
The percentage of time spent at various humidity comfort levels, categorized by dew point.

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The average hourly wind speed in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp is rapidly decreasing during the spring, decreasing from 11.0 miles per hour to 7.3 miles per hour over the course of the season.

For reference, on December 28, the windiest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 12.9 miles per hour, while on June 20, the calmest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 6.5 miles per hour.

Average Wind Speed in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp

Average Wind Speed in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭpMarAprMay0 mph0 mph5 mph5 mph10 mph10 mph15 mph15 mph20 mph20 mphWinterSummerMar 111.0 mphMar 111.0 mphMay 317.3 mphMay 317.3 mphApr 19.8 mphApr 19.8 mphMay 19.2 mphMay 19.2 mph
The average of mean hourly wind speeds (dark gray line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

The hourly average wind direction in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp throughout the spring is predominantly from the west, with a peak proportion of 63% on March 1.

Wind Direction in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp

Wind Direction in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭpWEMarAprMay0%100%20%80%40%60%60%40%80%20%100%0%WinterSummerwesteastsouthnorth
northeastsouthwest
The percentage of hours in which the mean wind direction is from each of the four cardinal wind directions, excluding hours in which the mean wind speed is less than 1.0 mph. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries are the percentage of hours spent in the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp is located near a large body of water (e.g., ocean, sea, or large lake). This section reports on the wide-area average surface temperature of that water.

The average surface water temperature in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp is very rapidly increasing during the spring, rising by 19°F, from 40°F to 59°F, over the course of the season.

Average Water Temperature in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp

Average Water Temperature in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭpMarAprMay35°F35°F40°F40°F45°F45°F50°F50°F55°F55°F60°F60°F65°F65°F70°F70°F75°F75°FWinterSummerMar 140°FMar 140°FMay 3159°FMay 3159°FApr 145°FApr 145°FMay 151°FMay 151°F
The daily average water temperature (purple line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

Definitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere).

The growing season in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp typically lasts for 7.6 months (234 days), from around March 27 to around November 15, rarely starting before March 11 or after April 12, and rarely ending before October 26 or after December 4.

During the spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp, the chance that a given day is within the growing season is very rapidly increasing rising from 2% to 100% over the course of the season.

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭpgrowing seasonMarAprMay0%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%WinterSummerMar 12%Mar 12%100%May 31100%May 3165%Apr 165%Apr 1100%May 1100%May 1freezingvery coldcoldcoolcomfortablewarm
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The percentage of time spent in various temperature bands. The black line is the percentage chance that a given day is within the growing season.

Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F.

The average accumulated growing degree days in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp are rapidly increasing during the spring, increasing by 577°F, from 2°F to 580°F, over the course of the season.

Growing Degree Days in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp

Growing Degree Days in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭpMarAprMay100°F100°F200°F200°F300°F300°F400°F400°F500°F500°F600°F600°F700°F700°FWinterSummerMar 12°FMar 12°FMay 31580°FMay 31580°FApr 134°FApr 134°FMay 1198°FMay 1198°F
The average growing degree days accumulated over the course of the spring, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp is very rapidly increasing during the spring, rising by 2.5 kWh, from 4.1 kWh to 6.6 kWh, over the course of the season.

The highest average daily incident shortwave solar energy during the spring is 6.6 kWh on May 31.

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in the Spring in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭpMarAprMay0 kWh0 kWh1 kWh1 kWh2 kWh2 kWh3 kWh3 kWh4 kWh4 kWh5 kWh5 kWh6 kWh6 kWh7 kWh7 kWh8 kWh8 kWh9 kWh9 kWhWinterSummerMay 316.6 kWhMay 316.6 kWhMar 14.1 kWhMar 14.1 kWhApr 15.3 kWhApr 15.3 kWhMay 16.0 kWhMay 16.0 kWh
The average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground per square meter (orange line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp are 38.954 deg latitude, 127.892 deg longitude, and 20 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp contains only modest variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 433 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 39 feet. Within 10 miles contains only modest variations in elevation (3,517 feet). Within 50 miles also contains extreme variations in elevation (5,400 feet).

The area within 2 miles of T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp is covered by water (48%), cropland (20%), sparse vegetation (14%), and bare soil (11%), within 10 miles by water (50%) and trees (20%), and within 50 miles by water (52%) and trees (27%).

This report illustrates the typical weather in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016.

Temperature and Dew Point

There are 2 weather stations near enough to contribute to our estimation of the temperature and dew point in T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp.

For each station, the records are corrected for the elevation difference between that station and T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp according to the International Standard Atmosphere , and by the relative change present in the MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis between the two locations.

The estimated value at T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp is computed as the weighted average of the individual contributions from each station, with weights proportional to the inverse of the distance between T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp and a given station.

The stations contributing to this reconstruction are:

  • Keo Jin (RKNO, 53%, 46 mi, southeast, 331 ft elevation change)
  • Hoengsong Ab (RKNH, 47%, 50 mi, south, 325 ft elevation change)

To get a sense of how much these sources agree with each other, you can view a comparison of T’ongch’ŏn-ŭp and the stations that contribute to our estimates of its temperature history and climate. Please note that each source's contribution is adjusted for elevation and the relative change present in the MERRA-2 data.

Other Data

All data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus.

All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid.

Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database .

Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com .

Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Disclaimer

The information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site.

We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands.

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