Winter Weather in Buga Mongolia

Daily high temperatures increase by 5°F, from 21°F to 26°F, rarely falling below 3°F or exceeding 38°F. The lowest daily average high temperature is 13°F on January 15.

Daily low temperatures are around -1°F, rarely falling below -17°F or exceeding 14°F. The lowest daily average low temperature is -6°F on January 21.

For reference, on July 13, the hottest day of the year, temperatures in Buga typically range from 56°F to 79°F, while on January 19, the coldest day of the year, they range from -6°F to 13°F.

The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the hourly average winter temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.

Fort McMurray, Alberta, Canada (5,072 miles away); Martensville, Saskatchewan, Canada (5,421 miles); and Rivers, Manitoba, Canada (5,633 miles) are the far-away foreign places with temperatures most similar to Buga (view comparison).

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The winter in Buga experiences essentially constant cloud cover, with the percentage of time that the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy remaining about 38% throughout the season. The lowest chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 36% on January 18.

The clearest day of the winter is January 18, with clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy conditions 64% of the time.

For reference, on April 13, the cloudiest day of the year, the chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 42%, while on September 17, the clearest day of the year, the chance of clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy skies is 69%.

Over the course of the winter in Buga, the length of the day is very rapidly increasing. From the start to the end of the season, the length of the day increases by 2 hours, 17 minutes, implying an average daily increase of 1 minute, 33 seconds, and weekly increase of 10 minutes, 49 seconds.

The shortest day of the winter is December 21, with 8 hours, 25 minutes of daylight and the longest day is February 28, with 11 hours, 0 minutes of daylight.

The latest sunrise of the winter in Buga is 8:28 AM on December 31 and the earliest sunrise is 1 hour, 6 minutes earlier at 7:22 AM on February 28.

The earliest sunset is 4:48 PM on December 10 and the latest sunset is 1 hour, 35 minutes later at 6:23 PM on February 28.

Daylight saving time is not observed in Buga during 2024.

For reference, on June 20, the longest day of the year, the Sun rises at 4:41 AM and sets 16 hours, 0 minutes later, at 8:41 PM, while on December 21, the shortest day of the year, it rises at 8:25 AM and sets 8 hours, 25 minutes later, at 4:50 PM.

The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation.

The figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for the winter of 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases. The label associated with each bar indicates the date and time that the phase is obtained, and the companion time labels indicate the rise and set times of the Moon for the nearest time interval in which the moon is above the horizon.

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

The chance that a given day will be muggy in Buga is essentially constant during the winter, remaining around 0% throughout.

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The average hourly wind speed in Buga is gradually increasing during the winter, increasing from 7.1 miles per hour to 7.8 miles per hour over the course of the season.

For reference, on April 29, the windiest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 10.2 miles per hour, while on January 25, the calmest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 6.7 miles per hour.

The lowest daily average wind speed during the winter is 6.7 miles per hour on January 25.

The wind direction in Buga during the winter is predominantly out of the south from December 1 to December 27, the east from December 27 to February 17, and the north from February 17 to February 28.

Definitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere).

The growing season in Buga typically lasts for 3.9 months (119 days), from around May 18 to around September 14, rarely starting before April 30 or after June 4, and rarely ending before August 30 or after September 30.

The winter in Buga is reliably fully outside of the growing season.

Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F.

The average accumulated growing degree days in Buga are very rapidly decreasing during the winter, decreasing by 1,888°F, from 1,888°F to 0°F, over the course of the season.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy in Buga is rapidly increasing during the winter, rising by 2.0 kWh, from 1.8 kWh to 3.7 kWh, over the course of the season.

The lowest average daily incident shortwave solar energy during the winter is 1.5 kWh on December 20.

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Buga are 47.650 deg latitude, 95.001 deg longitude, and 4,580 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of Buga contains only modest variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 469 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 4,558 feet. Within 10 miles contains only modest variations in elevation (1,909 feet). Within 50 miles contains very significant variations in elevation (4,751 feet).

The area within 2 miles of Buga is covered by bare soil (100%), within 10 miles by bare soil (100%), and within 50 miles by bare soil (100%).