Summer Weather in Sura RussiaDaily high temperatures are around 72°F, rarely falling below 56°F or exceeding 87°F. The highest daily average high temperature is 77°F on July 23. Daily low temperatures are around 53°F, rarely falling below 40°F or exceeding 64°F. The highest daily average low temperature is 57°F on July 20. For reference, on July 23, the hottest day of the year, temperatures in Sura typically range from 57°F to 77°F, while on February 5, the coldest day of the year, they range from 7°F to 20°F. The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the hourly average summer temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day. Edmonton, Canada (4,924 miles away); Wakefield, United States (5,037 miles); and Powassan, Canada (4,824 miles) are the far-away foreign places with temperatures most similar to Sura (view comparison). CloudsThe summer in Sura experiences gradually increasing cloud cover, with the percentage of time that the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy increasing from 43% to 48%. The lowest chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 35% on July 25. The clearest day of the summer is July 25, with clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy conditions 65% of the time. For reference, on January 14, the cloudiest day of the year, the chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 81%, while on July 25, the clearest day of the year, the chance of clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy skies is 65%. PrecipitationA wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. In Sura, the chance of a wet day over the course of the summer is essentially constant, remaining around 25% throughout. For reference, the year's highest daily chance of a wet day is 29% on June 27, and its lowest chance is 12% on March 23. RainfallTo show variation within the season and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day. The average sliding 31-day rainfall during the summer in Sura is essentially constant, remaining about 1.7 inches throughout, and rarely exceeding 3.5 inches or falling below 0.4 inches. The highest average 31-day accumulation is 1.9 inches on June 23. SunOver the course of the summer in Sura, the length of the day is very rapidly decreasing. From the start to the end of the season, the length of the day decreases by 3 hours, 1 minute, implying an average daily decrease of 1 minute, 59 seconds, and weekly decrease of 13 minutes, 56 seconds. The shortest day of the summer is August 31, with 13 hours, 45 minutes of daylight and the longest day is June 21, with 17 hours, 7 minutes of daylight. The earliest sunrise of the summer in Sura is 3:24 AM on June 17 and the latest sunrise is 1 hour, 39 minutes later at 5:04 AM on August 31. The latest sunset is 8:32 PM on June 24 and the earliest sunset is 1 hour, 44 minutes earlier at 6:49 PM on August 31. Daylight saving time is not observed in Sura during 2024. For reference, on June 20, the longest day of the year, the Sun rises at 3:25 AM and sets 17 hours, 7 minutes later, at 8:32 PM, while on December 21, the shortest day of the year, it rises at 8:13 AM and sets 7 hours, 24 minutes later, at 3:37 PM. The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation. MoonThe figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for the summer of 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases. The label associated with each bar indicates the date and time that the phase is obtained, and the companion time labels indicate the rise and set times of the Moon for the nearest time interval in which the moon is above the horizon. HumidityWe base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night. The chance that a given day will be muggy in Sura is essentially constant during the summer, remaining within 4% of 4% throughout. The highest chance of a muggy day during the summer is 8% on July 18. For reference, on July 18, the muggiest day of the year, there are muggy conditions 8% of the time, while on January 1, the least muggy day of the year, there are muggy conditions 0% of the time. WindThis section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages. The average hourly wind speed in Sura is essentially constant during the summer, remaining within 0.6 miles per hour of 8.0 miles per hour throughout. For reference, on February 10, the windiest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 12.2 miles per hour, while on July 28, the calmest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 7.4 miles per hour. The lowest daily average wind speed during the summer is 7.4 miles per hour on July 28. The wind direction in Sura during the summer is predominantly out of the west from June 1 to June 28 and from August 14 to August 31 and the north from June 28 to August 14. Growing SeasonDefinitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere). The growing season in Sura typically lasts for 4.8 months (149 days), from around May 3 to around September 29, rarely starting before April 14 or after May 25, and rarely ending before September 10 or after October 18. The summer in Sura is very likely fully within the growing season, with the chance that a given day is in the growing season reaching a high of 100% on July 24. Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F. The average accumulated growing degree days in Sura are very rapidly increasing during the summer, increasing by 1,386°F, from 371°F to 1,758°F, over the course of the season. Solar EnergyThis section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation. The average daily incident shortwave solar energy in Sura is very rapidly decreasing during the summer, falling by 2.0 kWh, from 6.3 kWh to 4.3 kWh, over the course of the season. The highest average daily incident shortwave solar energy during the summer is 6.4 kWh on July 5. TopographyFor the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Sura are 53.888 deg latitude, 45.742 deg longitude, and 443 ft elevation. The topography within 2 miles of Sura contains significant variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 502 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 458 feet. Within 10 miles also contains significant variations in elevation (715 feet). Within 50 miles contains significant variations in elevation (823 feet). The area within 2 miles of Sura is covered by trees (51%) and cropland (40%), within 10 miles by trees (52%) and cropland (36%), and within 50 miles by cropland (51%) and trees (34%). Data SourcesThis report illustrates the typical weather in Sura, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016. Temperature and Dew PointThere is only a single weather station, Penza Airport, in our network suitable to be used as a proxy for the historical temperature and dew point records of Sura. At a distance of 97 kilometers from Sura, closer than our threshold of 150 kilometers, this station is deemed sufficiently nearby to be relied upon as our primary source for temperature and dew point records. The station records are corrected for the elevation difference between the station and Sura according to the International Standard Atmosphere , and by the relative change present in the MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis between the two locations. Please note that the station records themselves may additionally have been back-filled using other nearby stations or the MERRA-2 reanalysis. Other DataAll data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus. All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid. Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database . Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com . Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors. DisclaimerThe information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site. We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands. We further caution that our travel scores are only as good as the data that underpin them, that weather conditions at any given location and time are unpredictable and variable, and that the definition of the scores reflects a particular set of preferences that may not agree with those of any particular reader. Please review our full terms contained on our Terms of Service page. |