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January Weather in Martin South Dakota, United States

Daily high temperatures increase by 3°F, from 34°F to 36°F, rarely falling below 13°F or exceeding 53°F.

Daily low temperatures increase by 2°F, from 12°F to 15°F, rarely falling below -7°F or exceeding 30°F. The lowest daily average low temperature is 12°F on January 2.

For reference, on July 24, the hottest day of the year, temperatures in Martin typically range from 61°F to 88°F, while on January 2, the coldest day of the year, they range from 12°F to 34°F.

Average High and Low Temperature in January in Martin

The daily average high (red line) and low (blue line) temperature, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted lines are the corresponding average perceived temperatures.

The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the hourly average temperatures for the quarter of the year centered on January. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.

Average Hourly Temperature in January in Martin

Average Hourly Temperature in January in MartinJan112233445566778899101011111212131314141515161617171818191920202121222223232424252526262727282829293030313112 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AMDecFebfreezingvery coldvery cold
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The average hourly temperature, color coded into bands. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

Ashnak, Armenia (6,289 miles away) is the far-away foreign place with temperatures most similar to Martin (view comparison).

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The month of January in Martin experiences essentially constant cloud cover, with the percentage of time that the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy remaining about 46% throughout the month.

The clearest day of the month is January 5, with clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy conditions 55% of the time.

For reference, on March 29, the cloudiest day of the year, the chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 52%, while on July 3, the clearest day of the year, the chance of clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy skies is 76%.

Cloud Cover Categories in January in Martin

Cloud Cover Categories in January in MartinJan11223344556677889910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303031310%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%DecFebJan 155%Jan 155%Jan 3152%Jan 3152%Jan 1154%Jan 1154%Jan 2153%Jan 2153%clearmostly clearpartly cloudymostly cloudyovercast
0% clear 20% mostly clear 40% partly cloudy 60% mostly cloudy 80% overcast 100%
The percentage of time spent in each cloud cover band, categorized by the percentage of the sky covered by clouds.

A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. In Martin, the chance of a wet day over the course of January is essentially constant, remaining around 3% throughout.

For reference, the year's highest daily chance of a wet day is 35% on June 8, and its lowest chance is 3% on January 25.

Probability of Precipitation in January in Martin

The percentage of days in which various types of precipitation are observed, excluding trace quantities: rain alone, snow alone, and mixed (both rain and snow fell in the same day).

Snowfall

As with rainfall, we consider the snowfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day.

The average sliding 31-day snowfall during January in Martin is essentially constant, remaining about 1.3 inches throughout, and rarely exceeding 4.2 inches or falling below -0.0 inches.

The lowest average 31-day accumulation is 1.1 inches on January 20.

Average Monthly Snowfall in January in Martin

The average snowfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average rainfall.

Over the course of January in Martin, the length of the day is increasing. From the start to the end of the month, the length of the day increases by 50 minutes, implying an average daily increase of 1 minute, 41 seconds, and weekly increase of 11 minutes, 45 seconds.

The shortest day of the month is January 1, with 9 hours, 3 minutes of daylight and the longest day is January 31, with 9 hours, 54 minutes of daylight.

Hours of Daylight and Twilight in January in Martin

The number of hours during which the Sun is visible (black line). From bottom (most yellow) to top (most gray), the color bands indicate: full daylight, twilight (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and full night.

The latest sunrise of the month in Martin is 7:18 AM on January 4 and the earliest sunrise is 15 minutes earlier at 7:03 AM on January 31.

The earliest sunset is 4:22 PM on January 1 and the latest sunset is 35 minutes later at 4:57 PM on January 31.

Daylight saving time is observed in Martin during 2024, but it neither starts nor ends during January, so the entire month is in daylight saving time.

For reference, on June 20, the longest day of the year, the Sun rises at 5:07 AM and sets 15 hours, 23 minutes later, at 8:30 PM, while on December 21, the shortest day of the year, it rises at 7:15 AM and sets 8 hours, 59 minutes later, at 4:14 PM.

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in January in Martin

The solar day over the course of January. From bottom to top, the black lines are the previous solar midnight, sunrise, solar noon, sunset, and the next solar midnight. The day, twilights (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and night are indicated by the color bands from yellow to gray.

The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation.

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in January in Martin

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in January in MartinJan112233445566778899101011111212131314141515161617171818191920202121222223232424252526262727282829293030313112 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AMDecFeb001010202020300001010202030
northeastsouthwest
Solar elevation and azimuth over the course of January 2024. The black lines are lines of constant solar elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon, in degrees). The background color fills indicate the azimuth (the compass bearing) of the sun. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries of the cardinal compass points indicate the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

The figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for January 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases. The label associated with each bar indicates the date and time that the phase is obtained, and the companion time labels indicate the rise and set times of the Moon for the nearest time interval in which the moon is above the horizon.

Moon Rise, Set & Phases in January in Martin

Moon Rise, Set & Phases in January in MartinJan112233445566778899101011111212131314141515161617171818191920202121222223232424252526262727282829293030313112 AM12 AM4 AM4 AM8 AM8 AM12 PM12 PM4 PM4 PM8 PM8 PM12 AM12 AMDecFebDec 124:33 PMDec 124:33 PMDec 265:34 PMDec 265:34 PMJan 114:58 AMJan 114:58 AMJan 2510:55 AMJan 2510:55 AMFeb 94:00 PMFeb 94:00 PMFeb 245:31 AMFeb 245:31 AM7:08 AM7:08 AM3:41 PM3:41 PM3:43 PM3:43 PM8:19 AM8:19 AM7:56 AM7:56 AM4:41 PM4:41 PM3:36 PM3:36 PM7:36 AM7:36 AM7:08 AM7:08 AM4:56 PM4:56 PM4:44 PM4:44 PM6:55 AM6:55 AM
The time in which the moon is above the horizon (light blue area), with new moons (dark gray lines) and full moons (blue lines) indicated. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.
Jan 2024IlluminationMoonriseMoonsetMoonriseMeridian PassingDistance
1
74%-10:45 AMWNW10:06 PME3:58 AMS251,588 mi
2
66%-11:02 AMW11:08 PME4:37 AMS251,334 mi
3
50%-11:19 AMW-5:15 AMS250,258 mi
4
46%12:10 AME11:37 AMW-5:55 AMS248,361 mi
5
37%1:14 AMESE11:57 AMWSW-6:36 AMS245,713 mi
6
27%2:21 AMESE12:21 PMWSW-7:21 AMS242,456 mi
7
18%3:32 AMESE12:50 PMWSW-8:11 AMS238,809 mi
8
10%4:45 AMSE1:29 PMSW-9:07 AMS235,055 mi
9
4%5:56 AMSE2:20 PMSW-10:08 AMS231,521 mi
10
1%7:02 AMSE3:25 PMSW-11:13 AMS228,541 mi
11
0%7:56 AMSE4:41 PMSW-12:19 PMS226,400 mi
12
3%8:40 AMESE6:03 PMWSW-1:21 PMS225,271 mi
13
8%9:13 AMESE7:26 PMWSW-2:19 PMS225,194 mi
14
16%9:40 AMESE8:46 PMWSW-3:12 PMS226,077 mi
15
26%10:04 AME10:03 PMW-4:02 PMS227,734 mi
16
37%10:26 AME11:19 PMW-4:49 PMS229,938 mi
17
50%10:47 AMENE--5:36 PMS232,459 mi
18
60%-12:33 AMWNW11:10 AMENE6:24 PMS235,101 mi
19
71%-1:47 AMWNW11:37 AMENE7:14 PMS237,720 mi
20
80%-3:01 AMWNW12:09 PMNE8:06 PMS240,227 mi
21
88%-4:12 AMNW12:48 PMNE9:00 PMS242,572 mi
22
94%-5:17 AMNW1:36 PMNE9:55 PMS244,735 mi
23
98%-6:14 AMNW2:33 PMNE10:49 PMS246,703 mi
24
100%-7:00 AMNW3:36 PMNE11:40 PMS248,454 mi
25
100%-7:36 AMNW4:42 PMENE--
26
100%-8:05 AMWNW5:48 PMENE12:29 AMS249,948 mi
27
98%-8:29 AMWNW6:53 PMENE1:13 AMS251,119 mi
28
94%-8:49 AMWNW7:56 PME1:55 AMS251,882 mi
29
88%-9:07 AMW8:57 PME2:34 AMS252,138 mi
30
82%-9:24 AMW9:59 PME3:13 AMS251,787 mi
31
74%-9:41 AMW11:01 PMESE3:51 AMS250,746 mi

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

The chance that a given day will be muggy in Martin is essentially constant during January, remaining around 0% throughout.

For reference, on July 20, the muggiest day of the year, there are muggy conditions 6% of the time, while on September 25, the least muggy day of the year, there are muggy conditions 0% of the time.

Humidity Comfort Levels in January in Martin

Humidity Comfort Levels in January in MartinJan11223344556677889910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303031310%0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%80%80%90%90%100%100%DecFebJan 10%Jan 10%Jan 310%Jan 310%Jan 110%Jan 110%Jan 210%Jan 210%drydry
dry 55°F comfortable 60°F humid 65°F muggy 70°F oppressive 75°F miserable
The percentage of time spent at various humidity comfort levels, categorized by dew point.

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The average hourly wind speed in Martin is essentially constant during January, remaining within 0.1 miles per hour of 12.6 miles per hour throughout.

For reference, on April 6, the windiest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 12.8 miles per hour, while on July 25, the calmest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 9.6 miles per hour.

The highest daily average wind speed during January is 12.7 miles per hour on January 18.

Average Wind Speed in January in Martin

The average of mean hourly wind speeds (dark gray line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

The hourly average wind direction in Martin throughout January is predominantly from the west, with a peak proportion of 53% on January 3.

Wind Direction in January in Martin

Wind Direction in January in MartinJan11223344556677889910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303031310%100%20%80%40%60%60%40%80%20%100%0%DecFebwestsouthnortheast
northeastsouthwest
The percentage of hours in which the mean wind direction is from each of the four cardinal wind directions, excluding hours in which the mean wind speed is less than 1.0 mph. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries are the percentage of hours spent in the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

Definitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere).

The growing season in Martin typically lasts for 4.4 months (137 days), from around May 12 to around September 26, rarely starting before April 26 or after May 28, and rarely ending before September 8 or after October 14.

The month of January in Martin is reliably fully outside of the growing season.

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in January in Martin

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in January in MartinJan11223344556677889910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303031310%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%DecFeb0%Jan 160%Jan 160%Feb 170%Feb 17frigidfreezingvery coldcold
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The percentage of time spent in various temperature bands. The black line is the percentage chance that a given day is within the growing season.

Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F.

The average accumulated growing degree days in Martin are essentially constant during January, remaining within 2°F of 2°F throughout.

Growing Degree Days in January in Martin

The average growing degree days accumulated over the course of January, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy in Martin is gradually increasing during January, rising by 0.6 kWh, from 1.9 kWh to 2.6 kWh, over the course of the month.

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in January in Martin

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in January in MartinJan11223344556677889910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303031310.0 kWh0.0 kWh0.5 kWh0.5 kWh1.0 kWh1.0 kWh1.5 kWh1.5 kWh2.0 kWh2.0 kWh2.5 kWh2.5 kWh3.0 kWh3.0 kWh3.5 kWh3.5 kWh4.0 kWh4.0 kWh4.5 kWh4.5 kWh5.0 kWh5.0 kWhDecFebJan 11.9 kWhJan 11.9 kWhJan 312.6 kWhJan 312.6 kWhJan 112.1 kWhJan 112.1 kWhJan 212.3 kWhJan 212.3 kWh
The average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground per square meter (orange line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Martin are 43.173 deg latitude, -101.733 deg longitude, and 3,310 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of Martin contains only modest variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 171 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 3,273 feet. Within 10 miles contains only modest variations in elevation (663 feet). Within 50 miles contains significant variations in elevation (2,011 feet).

The area within 2 miles of Martin is covered by grassland (82%) and cropland (18%), within 10 miles by grassland (80%) and cropland (20%), and within 50 miles by grassland (90%).

This report illustrates the typical weather in Martin, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016.

Temperature and Dew Point

There are 3 weather stations near enough to contribute to our estimation of the temperature and dew point in Martin.

For each station, the records are corrected for the elevation difference between that station and Martin according to the International Standard Atmosphere , and by the relative change present in the MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis between the two locations.

The estimated value at Martin is computed as the weighted average of the individual contributions from each station, with weights proportional to the inverse of the distance between Martin and a given station.

The stations contributing to this reconstruction are:

To get a sense of how much these sources agree with each other, you can view a comparison of Martin and the stations that contribute to our estimates of its temperature history and climate. Please note that each source's contribution is adjusted for elevation and the relative change present in the MERRA-2 data.

Other Data

All data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus.

All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid.

Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database .

Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com .

Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Disclaimer

The information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site.

We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands.

We further caution that our travel scores are only as good as the data that underpin them, that weather conditions at any given location and time are unpredictable and variable, and that the definition of the scores reflects a particular set of preferences that may not agree with those of any particular reader.

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