November Weather in Elma Washington, United StatesDaily high temperatures decrease by 8°F, from 55°F to 47°F, rarely falling below 40°F or exceeding 60°F. Daily low temperatures decrease by 5°F, from 42°F to 37°F, rarely falling below 28°F or exceeding 51°F. For reference, on August 2, the hottest day of the year, temperatures in Elma typically range from 53°F to 75°F, while on December 19, the coldest day of the year, they range from 36°F to 45°F. The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the hourly average temperatures for the quarter of the year centered on November. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day. Verea, Spain (5,128 miles away) and Guern, France (4,961 miles) are the far-away foreign places with temperatures most similar to Elma (view comparison). CloudsThe month of November in Elma experiences gradually increasing cloud cover, with the percentage of time that the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy increasing from 68% to 75%. The clearest day of the month is November 1, with clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy conditions 32% of the time. For reference, on January 15, the cloudiest day of the year, the chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 77%, while on August 2, the clearest day of the year, the chance of clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy skies is 77%. PrecipitationA wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. In Elma, the chance of a wet day over the course of November is increasing, starting the month at 54% and ending it at 60%. For reference, the year's highest daily chance of a wet day is 62% on November 17, and its lowest chance is 6% on August 3. Over the course of November in Elma, the chance of a day with only rain increases from 54% to 58%, the chance of a day with mixed snow and rain remains an essentially constant 1% throughout, and the chance of a day with only snow remains an essentially constant 0% throughout. RainfallTo show variation within the month and not just the monthly total, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day. The average sliding 31-day rainfall during November in Elma is rapidly increasing, starting the month at 9.1 inches, when it rarely exceeds 15.0 inches or falls below 3.8 inches, and ending the month at 10.9 inches, when it rarely exceeds 16.7 inches or falls below 4.2 inches. The highest average 31-day accumulation is 11.1 inches on November 22. SunOver the course of November in Elma, the length of the day is rapidly decreasing. From the start to the end of the month, the length of the day decreases by 1 hour, 11 minutes, implying an average daily decrease of 2 minutes, 26 seconds, and weekly decrease of 17 minutes, 4 seconds. The shortest day of the month is November 30, with 8 hours, 48 minutes of daylight and the longest day is November 1, with 9 hours, 59 minutes of daylight. The latest sunrise of the month in Elma is 7:58 AM on November 2 and the earliest sunrise is 59 minutes earlier at 7:00 AM on November 3. The latest sunset is 5:56 PM on November 1 and the earliest sunset is 1 hour, 30 minutes earlier at 4:26 PM on November 30. Daylight saving time (DST) starts at 1:00 AM on November 3, 2024, shifting sunrise and sunset to be an hour later. For reference, on June 20, the longest day of the year, the Sun rises at 5:18 AM and sets 15 hours, 54 minutes later, at 9:12 PM, while on December 21, the shortest day of the year, it rises at 7:56 AM and sets 8 hours, 30 minutes later, at 4:27 PM. The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation. MoonThe figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for November 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases. The label associated with each bar indicates the date and time that the phase is obtained, and the companion time labels indicate the rise and set times of the Moon for the nearest time interval in which the moon is above the horizon.
HumidityWe base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night. The chance that a given day will be muggy in Elma is essentially constant during November, remaining around 0% throughout. For reference, on July 26, the muggiest day of the year, there are muggy conditions 0% of the time, while on January 1, the least muggy day of the year, there are muggy conditions 0% of the time. WindThis section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages. The average hourly wind speed in Elma is gradually increasing during November, increasing from 4.9 miles per hour to 5.5 miles per hour over the course of the month. For reference, on November 30, the windiest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 5.5 miles per hour, while on August 8, the calmest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 3.6 miles per hour. The hourly average wind direction in Elma throughout November is predominantly from the south, with a peak proportion of 45% on November 17. Water TemperatureElma is located near a large body of water (e.g., ocean, sea, or large lake). This section reports on the wide-area average surface temperature of that water. The average surface water temperature in Elma is gradually decreasing during November, falling by 3°F, from 53°F to 50°F, over the course of the month. Growing SeasonDefinitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere). The growing season in Elma typically lasts for 6.5 months (200 days), from around April 14 to around October 30, rarely starting before March 22 or after May 7, and rarely ending before October 10 or after November 20. The month of November in Elma is more likely than not fully outside of the growing season, with the chance that a given day is in the growing season rapidly decreasing from 46% to 3% over the course of the month. Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F. The average accumulated growing degree days in Elma are essentially constant during November, remaining within 11°F of 1,638°F throughout. Solar EnergyThis section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation. The average daily incident shortwave solar energy in Elma is gradually decreasing during November, falling by 0.7 kWh, from 1.7 kWh to 1.0 kWh, over the course of the month. TopographyFor the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Elma are 47.003 deg latitude, -123.409 deg longitude, and 46 ft elevation. The topography within 2 miles of Elma contains only modest variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 377 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 101 feet. Within 10 miles contains only modest variations in elevation (1,834 feet). Within 50 miles contains very significant variations in elevation (7,185 feet). The area within 2 miles of Elma is covered by cropland (27%), trees (25%), herbaceous vegetation (20%), and artificial surfaces (16%), within 10 miles by trees (62%) and shrubs (19%), and within 50 miles by trees (59%) and water (15%). Data SourcesThis report illustrates the typical weather in Elma, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016. Temperature and Dew PointThere are 4 weather stations near enough to contribute to our estimation of the temperature and dew point in Elma. For each station, the records are corrected for the elevation difference between that station and Elma according to the International Standard Atmosphere , and by the relative change present in the MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis between the two locations. The estimated value at Elma is computed as the weighted average of the individual contributions from each station, with weights proportional to the inverse of the distance between Elma and a given station. The stations contributing to this reconstruction are:
To get a sense of how much these sources agree with each other, you can view a comparison of Elma and the stations that contribute to our estimates of its temperature history and climate. Please note that each source's contribution is adjusted for elevation and the relative change present in the MERRA-2 data. Other DataAll data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus. All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid. Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database . Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com . Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors. DisclaimerThe information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site. We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands. We further caution that our travel scores are only as good as the data that underpin them, that weather conditions at any given location and time are unpredictable and variable, and that the definition of the scores reflects a particular set of preferences that may not agree with those of any particular reader. Please review our full terms contained on our Terms of Service page. |