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January Weather in Santana de Parnaíba Brazil

Daily high temperatures are around 82°F, rarely falling below 75°F or exceeding 88°F.

Daily low temperatures are around 68°F, rarely falling below 63°F or exceeding 71°F.

For reference, on February 12, the hottest day of the year, temperatures in Santana de Parnaíba typically range from 68°F to 83°F, while on July 22, the coldest day of the year, they range from 54°F to 72°F.

Average High and Low Temperature in January in Santana de Parnaíba

The daily average high (red line) and low (blue line) temperature, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted lines are the corresponding average perceived temperatures.

The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the hourly average temperatures for the quarter of the year centered on January. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.

Average Hourly Temperature in January in Santana de Parnaíba

Average Hourly Temperature in January in Santana de ParnaíbaJan112233445566778899101011111212131314141515161617171818191920202121222223232424252526262727282829293030313112 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AMDecFebcomfortablecomfortablewarm
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The average hourly temperature, color coded into bands. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.

Topes de Collantes, Cuba (3,848 miles away); Stanger, South Africa (4,773 miles); and Thulamahashi, South Africa (4,859 miles) are the far-away foreign places with temperatures most similar to Santana de Parnaíba (view comparison).

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The month of January in Santana de Parnaíba experiences essentially constant cloud cover, with the percentage of time that the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy remaining about 71% throughout the month. The highest chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 73% on January 14.

The clearest day of the month is January 1, with clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy conditions 31% of the time.

For reference, on January 14, the cloudiest day of the year, the chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 73%, while on August 26, the clearest day of the year, the chance of clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy skies is 69%.

Cloud Cover Categories in January in Santana de Parnaíba

Cloud Cover Categories in January in Santana de ParnaíbaJan11223344556677889910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303031310%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%DecFebAug 2669%Aug 2669%Jan 131%Jan 131%Jan 3128%Jan 3128%Jan 1128%Jan 1128%Jan 2128%Jan 2128%clearmostly clearpartly cloudymostly cloudyovercast
0% clear 20% mostly clear 40% partly cloudy 60% mostly cloudy 80% overcast 100%
The percentage of time spent in each cloud cover band, categorized by the percentage of the sky covered by clouds.

A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. In Santana de Parnaíba, the chance of a wet day over the course of January is essentially constant, remaining around 67% throughout.

For reference, the year's highest daily chance of a wet day is 69% on January 20, and its lowest chance is 13% on August 15.

Probability of Precipitation in January in Santana de Parnaíba

The percentage of days in which various types of precipitation are observed, excluding trace quantities: rain alone, snow alone, and mixed (both rain and snow fell in the same day).

Rainfall

To show variation within the month and not just the monthly total, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day.

The average sliding 31-day rainfall during January in Santana de Parnaíba is gradually increasing, starting the month at 7.9 inches, when it rarely exceeds 11.6 inches or falls below 5.0 inches, and ending the month at 8.2 inches, when it rarely exceeds 12.1 inches or falls below 4.4 inches.

The highest average 31-day accumulation is 8.5 inches on January 22.

Average Monthly Rainfall in January in Santana de Parnaíba

The average rainfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average snowfall.

Over the course of January in Santana de Parnaíba, the length of the day is gradually decreasing. From the start to the end of the month, the length of the day decreases by 23 minutes, implying an average daily decrease of 46 seconds, and weekly decrease of 5 minutes, 21 seconds.

The shortest day of the month is January 31, with 13 hours, 10 minutes of daylight and the longest day is January 1, with 13 hours, 33 minutes of daylight.

Hours of Daylight and Twilight in January in Santana de Parnaíba

Hours of Daylight and Twilight in January in Santana de ParnaíbaJan11223344556677889910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303031310 hr24 hr4 hr20 hr8 hr16 hr12 hr12 hr16 hr8 hr20 hr4 hr24 hr0 hrDecFebdaydaydaydaynightJan 113 hr, 33 minJan 113 hr, 33 minJan 3113 hr, 10 minJan 3113 hr, 10 minJan 1613 hr, 25 minJan 1613 hr, 25 min
The number of hours during which the Sun is visible (black line). From bottom (most yellow) to top (most gray), the color bands indicate: full daylight, twilight (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and full night.

The earliest sunrise of the month in Santana de Parnaíba is 5:24 AM on January 1 and the latest sunrise is 21 minutes later at 5:45 AM on January 31.

The latest sunset is 6:59 PM on January 14 and the earliest sunset is 3 minutes earlier at 6:56 PM on January 31.

Daylight saving time is not observed in Santana de Parnaíba during 2024.

For reference, on December 21, the longest day of the year, the Sun rises at 5:18 AM and sets 13 hours, 35 minutes later, at 6:53 PM, while on June 20, the shortest day of the year, it rises at 6:48 AM and sets 10 hours, 41 minutes later, at 5:30 PM.

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in January in Santana de Parnaíba

Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in January in Santana de ParnaíbaJan112233445566778899101011111212131314141515161617171818191920202121222223232424252526262727282829293030313112 AM2 AM4 AM6 AM8 AM10 AM12 PM2 PM4 PM6 PM8 PM10 PM12 AMDecFeb5:24 AM5:24 AMJan 16:57 PMJan 16:57 PM5:33 AM5:33 AMJan 146:59 PMJan 146:59 PM5:45 AM5:45 AMJan 316:56 PMJan 316:56 PMSolarMidnightSolarMidnightSolarNoonSunriseSunset
The solar day over the course of January. From bottom to top, the black lines are the previous solar midnight, sunrise, solar noon, sunset, and the next solar midnight. The day, twilights (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and night are indicated by the color bands from yellow to gray.

The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation.

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in January in Santana de Parnaíba

Solar Elevation and Azimuth in January in Santana de ParnaíbaJan112233445566778899101011111212131314141515161617171818191920202121222223232424252526262727282829293030313112 AM12 AM2 AM2 AM4 AM4 AM6 AM6 AM8 AM8 AM10 AM10 AM12 PM12 PM2 PM2 PM4 PM4 PM6 PM6 PM8 PM8 PM10 PM10 PM12 AM12 AMDecFeb00101020202030304040505050606070708080000101020203030304040505060606070708080
northeastsouthwest
Solar elevation and azimuth over the course of January 2024. The black lines are lines of constant solar elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon, in degrees). The background color fills indicate the azimuth (the compass bearing) of the sun. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries of the cardinal compass points indicate the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

The figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for January 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases. The label associated with each bar indicates the date and time that the phase is obtained, and the companion time labels indicate the rise and set times of the Moon for the nearest time interval in which the moon is above the horizon.

Moon Rise, Set & Phases in January in Santana de Parnaíba

Moon Rise, Set & Phases in January in Santana de ParnaíbaJan112233445566778899101011111212131314141515161617171818191920202121222223232424252526262727282829293030313112 AM12 AM4 AM4 AM8 AM8 AM12 PM12 PM4 PM4 PM8 PM8 PM12 AM12 AMDecFebDec 128:33 PMDec 128:33 PMDec 269:34 PMDec 269:34 PMJan 118:58 AMJan 118:58 AMJan 252:55 PMJan 252:55 PMFeb 98:00 PMFeb 98:00 PMFeb 249:31 AMFeb 249:31 AM4:33 AM4:33 AM6:47 PM6:47 PM6:56 PM6:56 PM5:33 AM5:33 AM5:18 AM5:18 AM7:33 PM7:33 PM7:15 PM7:15 PM6:15 AM6:15 AM5:12 AM5:12 AM6:59 PM6:59 PM6:28 PM6:28 PM5:56 AM5:56 AM
The time in which the moon is above the horizon (light blue area), with new moons (dark gray lines) and full moons (blue lines) indicated. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.
Jan 2024IlluminationMoonriseMoonsetMoonriseMeridian PassingDistance
1
76%-10:07 AMW10:57 PME4:17 AMN251,558 mi
2
67%-10:57 AMW11:26 PME4:57 AMN251,423 mi
3
58%-11:46 AMW11:55 PME5:35 AMN250,471 mi
4
50%-12:37 PMW-6:14 AMN248,694 mi
5
38%12:26 AME1:29 PMWSW-6:55 AMN246,150 mi
6
28%12:59 AMESE2:25 PMWSW-7:39 AMN242,973 mi
7
19%1:36 AMESE3:24 PMWSW-8:28 AMN239,369 mi
8
11%2:20 AMESE4:27 PMWSW-9:21 AMS235,614 mi
9
5%3:12 AMESE5:32 PMWSW-10:20 AMS232,028 mi
10
1%4:11 AMESE6:35 PMWSW-11:23 AMS228,948 mi
11
0%5:18 AMESE7:33 PMWSW-12:27 PMS226,666 mi
12
2%6:27 AMESE8:24 PMWSW-1:29 PMN225,377 mi
13
7%7:37 AMESE9:10 PMWSW-2:26 PMN225,140 mi
14
15%8:43 AMESE9:50 PMW-3:19 PMN225,882 mi
15
24%9:47 AME10:27 PMW-4:09 PMN227,433 mi
16
35%10:48 AME11:03 PMW-4:57 PMN229,567 mi
17
47%11:49 AME11:38 PMWNW-5:44 PMN232,052 mi
18
50%12:49 PMENE--6:32 PMN234,688 mi
19
69%-12:16 AMWNW1:49 PMENE7:23 PMN237,320 mi
20
79%-12:57 AMWNW2:50 PMENE8:16 PMN239,850 mi
21
87%-1:42 AMWNW3:51 PMENE9:11 PMN242,224 mi
22
93%-2:32 AMWNW4:49 PMENE10:07 PMN244,418 mi
23
97%-3:25 AMWNW5:44 PMENE11:03 PMN246,418 mi
24
100%-4:22 AMWNW6:32 PMENE11:56 PMN248,206 mi
25
100%-5:19 AMWNW7:15 PMENE--
26
100%-6:15 AMWNW7:53 PMENE12:46 AMN249,743 mi
27
98%-7:09 AMWNW8:27 PMENE1:31 AMN250,968 mi
28
95%-8:01 AMWNW8:58 PME2:14 AMN251,798 mi
29
89%-8:51 AMW9:27 PME2:54 AMN252,136 mi
30
83%-9:40 AMW9:56 PME3:33 AMN251,881 mi
31
75%-10:29 AMW10:25 PME4:11 AMN250,947 mi

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

The chance that a given day will be muggy in Santana de Parnaíba is rapidly increasing during January, rising from 51% to 62% over the course of the month.

For reference, on February 9, the muggiest day of the year, there are muggy conditions 64% of the time, while on June 28, the least muggy day of the year, there are muggy conditions 0% of the time.

Humidity Comfort Levels in January in Santana de Parnaíba

Humidity Comfort Levels in January in Santana de ParnaíbaJan11223344556677889910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303031310%0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%60%60%70%70%80%80%90%90%100%100%DecFebJan 151%Jan 151%Jan 3162%Jan 3162%Jan 1157%Jan 1157%Jan 2161%Jan 2161%muggymuggyhumidhumidcomfortablecomfortabledrydryoppressiveoppressive
dry 55°F comfortable 60°F humid 65°F muggy 70°F oppressive 75°F miserable
The percentage of time spent at various humidity comfort levels, categorized by dew point.

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The average hourly wind speed in Santana de Parnaíba is essentially constant during January, remaining within 0.2 miles per hour of 7.5 miles per hour throughout.

For reference, on October 2, the windiest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 9.1 miles per hour, while on February 24, the calmest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 6.8 miles per hour.

Average Wind Speed in January in Santana de Parnaíba

The average of mean hourly wind speeds (dark gray line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

The hourly average wind direction in Santana de Parnaíba throughout January is predominantly from the east, with a peak proportion of 34% on January 16.

Wind Direction in January in Santana de Parnaíba

Wind Direction in January in Santana de ParnaíbaJan11223344556677889910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303031310%100%20%80%40%60%60%40%80%20%100%0%DecFebeastnorthsouthwest
northeastsouthwest
The percentage of hours in which the mean wind direction is from each of the four cardinal wind directions, excluding hours in which the mean wind speed is less than 1.0 mph. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries are the percentage of hours spent in the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).

Santana de Parnaíba is located near a large body of water (e.g., ocean, sea, or large lake). This section reports on the wide-area average surface temperature of that water.

The average surface water temperature in Santana de Parnaíba is essentially constant during January, remaining within 1°F of 79°F throughout.

Average Water Temperature in January in Santana de Parnaíba

Average Water Temperature in January in Santana de ParnaíbaJan112233445566778899101011111212131314141515161617171818191920202121222223232424252526262727282829293030313172°F72°F74°F74°F76°F76°F78°F78°F80°F80°F82°F82°F84°F84°FDecFebJan 178°FJan 178°FJan 3180°FJan 3180°FJan 1179°FJan 1179°FJan 2180°FJan 2180°F
The daily average water temperature (purple line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

Definitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere).

Temperatures in Santana de Parnaíba are sufficiently warm year round that it is not entirely meaningful to discuss the growing season in these terms. We nevertheless include the chart below as an illustration of the distribution of temperatures experienced throughout the year.

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in January in Santana de Parnaíba

Time Spent in Various Temperature Bands and the Growing Season in January in Santana de ParnaíbaJan11223344556677889910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303031310%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%DecFeb100%Jan 16100%Jan 16coolcomfortablewarmhot
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The percentage of time spent in various temperature bands. The black line is the percentage chance that a given day is within the growing season.

Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F.

The average accumulated growing degree days in Santana de Parnaíba are rapidly increasing during January, increasing by 713°F, from 3,262°F to 3,974°F, over the course of the month.

Growing Degree Days in January in Santana de Parnaíba

Growing Degree Days in January in Santana de ParnaíbaJan11223344556677889910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303031313,200°F3,200°F3,400°F3,400°F3,600°F3,600°F3,800°F3,800°F4,000°F4,000°F4,200°F4,200°FDecFebJan 13,262°FJan 13,262°FJan 313,974°FJan 313,974°FJan 113,496°FJan 113,496°FJan 213,733°FJan 213,733°F
The average growing degree days accumulated over the course of January, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy in Santana de Parnaíba is essentially constant during January, remaining within 0.2 kWh of 5.9 kWh throughout.

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in January in Santana de Parnaíba

Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy in January in Santana de ParnaíbaJan11223344556677889910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303031310 kWh0 kWh1 kWh1 kWh2 kWh2 kWh3 kWh3 kWh4 kWh4 kWh5 kWh5 kWh6 kWh6 kWh7 kWh7 kWh8 kWh8 kWh9 kWh9 kWhDecFebJan 16.1 kWhJan 16.1 kWhJan 315.7 kWhJan 315.7 kWhJan 115.9 kWhJan 115.9 kWhJan 215.9 kWhJan 215.9 kWh
The average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground per square meter (orange line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Santana de Parnaíba are -23.444 deg latitude, -46.918 deg longitude, and 2,333 ft elevation.

The topography within 2 miles of Santana de Parnaíba contains significant variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 653 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 2,487 feet. Within 10 miles contains significant variations in elevation (1,814 feet). Within 50 miles contains very significant variations in elevation (4,718 feet).

The area within 2 miles of Santana de Parnaíba is covered by trees (59%) and shrubs (25%), within 10 miles by trees (57%) and shrubs (19%), and within 50 miles by trees (46%) and shrubs (17%).

This report illustrates the typical weather in Santana de Parnaíba, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016.

Temperature and Dew Point

There are 2 weather stations near enough to contribute to our estimation of the temperature and dew point in Santana de Parnaíba.

For each station, the records are corrected for the elevation difference between that station and Santana de Parnaíba according to the International Standard Atmosphere , and by the relative change present in the MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis between the two locations.

The estimated value at Santana de Parnaíba is computed as the weighted average of the individual contributions from each station, with weights proportional to the inverse of the distance between Santana de Parnaíba and a given station.

The stations contributing to this reconstruction are:

To get a sense of how much these sources agree with each other, you can view a comparison of Santana de Parnaíba and the stations that contribute to our estimates of its temperature history and climate. Please note that each source's contribution is adjusted for elevation and the relative change present in the MERRA-2 data.

Other Data

All data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus.

All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid.

Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database .

Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com .

Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Disclaimer

The information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site.

We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands.

We further caution that our travel scores are only as good as the data that underpin them, that weather conditions at any given location and time are unpredictable and variable, and that the definition of the scores reflects a particular set of preferences that may not agree with those of any particular reader.

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