December Weather at Tampere–Pirkkala Airport FinlandDaily high temperatures decrease by 5°F, from 31°F to 27°F, rarely falling below 9°F or exceeding 41°F. Daily low temperatures decrease by 6°F, from 23°F to 17°F, rarely falling below -6°F or exceeding 36°F. For reference, on July 21, the hottest day of the year, temperatures at Tampere–Pirkkala Airport typically range from 53°F to 71°F, while on February 8, the coldest day of the year, they range from 13°F to 25°F. The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the hourly average temperatures for the quarter of the year centered on December. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day. Anchorage, United States (3,961 miles away); Breckenridge, United States (4,923 miles); and Laurium, United States (4,045 miles) are the far-away foreign places with temperatures most similar to Tampere–Pirkkala Airport (view comparison). CloudsThe month of December at Tampere–Pirkkala Airport experiences essentially constant cloud cover, with the percentage of time that the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy remaining about 80% throughout the month. The clearest day of the month is December 1, with clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy conditions 21% of the time. For reference, on January 28, the cloudiest day of the year, the chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 83%, while on July 16, the clearest day of the year, the chance of clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy skies is 55%. PrecipitationA wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. At Tampere–Pirkkala Airport, the chance of a wet day over the course of December is gradually decreasing, starting the month at 27% and ending it at 25%. For reference, the year's highest daily chance of a wet day is 36% on July 28, and its lowest chance is 17% on March 10. Over the course of December at Tampere–Pirkkala Airport, the chance of a day with only rain decreases from 12% to 7%, the chance of a day with mixed snow and rain remains an essentially constant 6% throughout, and the chance of a day with only snow increases from 8% to 11%. RainfallTo show variation within the month and not just the monthly total, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day. The average sliding 31-day rainfall during December at Tampere–Pirkkala Airport is gradually decreasing, starting the month at 0.9 inches, when it rarely exceeds 2.1 inches or falls below 0.1 inches, and ending the month at 0.5 inches, when it rarely exceeds 1.4 inches. SnowfallAs with rainfall, we consider the snowfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day. The average sliding 31-day snowfall during December at Tampere–Pirkkala Airport is increasing, starting the month at 5.5 inches, when it rarely exceeds 10.4 inches or falls below 0.7 inches, and ending the month at 6.9 inches, when it rarely exceeds 13.8 inches or falls below 1.3 inches. SunOver the course of December at Tampere–Pirkkala Airport, the length of the day is gradually decreasing. From the start to the end of the month, the length of the day decreases by 28 minutes, implying an average daily decrease of 57 seconds, and weekly decrease of 6 minutes, 36 seconds. The shortest day of the month is December 21, with 5 hours, 23 minutes of daylight and the longest day is December 1, with 6 hours, 1 minute of daylight. The earliest sunrise of the month at Tampere–Pirkkala Airport is 9:13 AM on December 1 and the latest sunrise is 30 minutes later at 9:43 AM on December 26. The earliest sunset is 3:03 PM on December 16 and the latest sunset is 11 minutes later at 3:15 PM on December 31. Daylight saving time is observed at Tampere–Pirkkala Airport during 2024, but it neither starts nor ends during December, so the entire month is in daylight saving time. For reference, on June 20, the longest day of the year, the Sun rises at 3:43 AM and sets 19 hours, 28 minutes later, at 11:11 PM, while on December 21, the shortest day of the year, it rises at 9:42 AM and sets 5 hours, 23 minutes later, at 3:05 PM. The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation. MoonThe figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for December 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases. The label associated with each bar indicates the date and time that the phase is obtained, and the companion time labels indicate the rise and set times of the Moon for the nearest time interval in which the moon is above the horizon.
HumidityWe base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night. The chance that a given day will be muggy at Tampere–Pirkkala Airport is essentially constant during December, remaining around 0% throughout. For reference, on July 23, the muggiest day of the year, there are muggy conditions 2% of the time, while on September 12, the least muggy day of the year, there are muggy conditions 0% of the time. WindThis section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages. The average hourly wind speed at Tampere–Pirkkala Airport is essentially constant during December, remaining within 0.1 miles per hour of 6.0 miles per hour throughout. For reference, on January 1, the windiest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 6.2 miles per hour, while on July 31, the calmest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 4.9 miles per hour. The hourly average wind direction at Tampere–Pirkkala Airport throughout December is predominantly from the south, with a peak proportion of 38% on December 3. Growing SeasonDefinitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere). The growing season at Tampere–Pirkkala Airport typically lasts for 4.1 months (127 days), from around May 18 to around September 21, rarely starting before April 30 or after June 5, and rarely ending before September 3 or after October 9. The month of December at Tampere–Pirkkala Airport is reliably fully outside of the growing season. Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F. The average accumulated growing degree days at Tampere–Pirkkala Airport are essentially constant during December, remaining around 1,203°F throughout. Solar EnergyThis section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation. The average daily incident shortwave solar energy at Tampere–Pirkkala Airport is essentially constant during December, remaining around 0.1 kWh throughout. The lowest average daily incident shortwave solar energy during December is 0.1 kWh on December 20. TopographyFor the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Tampere–Pirkkala Airport are 61.414 deg latitude, 23.604 deg longitude, and 377 ft elevation. The topography within 2 miles of Tampere–Pirkkala Airport contains only modest variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 174 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 366 feet. Within 10 miles also contains only modest variations in elevation (446 feet). Within 50 miles contains only modest variations in elevation (692 feet). The area within 2 miles of Tampere–Pirkkala Airport is covered by trees (78%) and cropland (15%), within 10 miles by trees (49%) and water (19%), and within 50 miles by trees (66%) and cropland (19%). Data SourcesThis report illustrates the typical weather at Tampere–Pirkkala Airport, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016. Temperature and Dew PointTampere–Pirkkala Airport has a weather station that reported reliably enough during the analysis period that we have included it in our network. When available, historical temperature and dew point measurements are taken directly from this weather station. These records are obtained from NOAA's Integrated Surface Hourly data set, falling back on ICAO METAR records as required. In the case of missing or erroneous measurements from this station, we fall back on records from nearby stations, adjusted according to typical seasonal and diurnal intra-station differences. For a given day of the year and hour of the day, the fallback station is selected to minimize the prediction error over the years for which there are measurements for both stations. The stations on which we may fall back include but are not limited to Halli Airport, Ahtari, Seinajoki-Ilmajok Airport, Turku Airport, Helsinki-Vantaa Airport, Pori Airport, Helsinki-Malmi Airport, and Jyväskylä Airport. Other DataAll data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus. All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid. Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database . Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com . Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors. DisclaimerThe information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site. We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands. 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