November Weather at Leeuwarden Air Base NetherlandsDaily high temperatures decrease by 7°F, from 52°F to 44°F, rarely falling below 35°F or exceeding 58°F. Daily low temperatures decrease by 6°F, from 42°F to 36°F, rarely falling below 26°F or exceeding 50°F. For reference, on August 4, the hottest day of the year, temperatures at Leeuwarden Air Base typically range from 56°F to 70°F, while on February 8, the coldest day of the year, they range from 32°F to 41°F. The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the hourly average temperatures for the quarter of the year centered on November. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day. CloudsThe month of November at Leeuwarden Air Base experiences essentially constant cloud cover, with the percentage of time that the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy remaining about 66% throughout the month. The clearest day of the month is November 1, with clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy conditions 37% of the time. For reference, on December 30, the cloudiest day of the year, the chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 69%, while on July 21, the clearest day of the year, the chance of clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy skies is 57%. PrecipitationA wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. At Leeuwarden Air Base, the chance of a wet day over the course of November is gradually decreasing, starting the month at 35% and ending it at 33%. For reference, the year's highest daily chance of a wet day is 37% on December 26, and its lowest chance is 21% on April 16. RainfallTo show variation within the month and not just the monthly total, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day. The average sliding 31-day rainfall during November at Leeuwarden Air Base is essentially constant, remaining about 2.3 inches throughout, and rarely exceeding 3.7 inches or falling below 0.7 inches. SunOver the course of November at Leeuwarden Air Base, the length of the day is rapidly decreasing. From the start to the end of the month, the length of the day decreases by 1 hour, 32 minutes, implying an average daily decrease of 3 minutes, 11 seconds, and weekly decrease of 22 minutes, 17 seconds. The shortest day of the month is November 30, with 7 hours, 56 minutes of daylight and the longest day is November 1, with 9 hours, 28 minutes of daylight. The earliest sunrise of the month at Leeuwarden Air Base is 7:36 AM on November 1 and the latest sunrise is 52 minutes later at 8:27 AM on November 30. The latest sunset is 5:04 PM on November 1 and the earliest sunset is 41 minutes earlier at 4:23 PM on November 30. Daylight saving time is observed at Leeuwarden Air Base during 2024, but it neither starts nor ends during November, so the entire month is in daylight saving time. For reference, on June 20, the longest day of the year, the Sun rises at 5:09 AM and sets 16 hours, 59 minutes later, at 10:08 PM, while on December 21, the shortest day of the year, it rises at 8:49 AM and sets 7 hours, 31 minutes later, at 4:20 PM. The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation. MoonThe figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for November 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases. The label associated with each bar indicates the date and time that the phase is obtained, and the companion time labels indicate the rise and set times of the Moon for the nearest time interval in which the moon is above the horizon.
HumidityWe base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night. The chance that a given day will be muggy at Leeuwarden Air Base is essentially constant during November, remaining around 0% throughout. For reference, on July 16, the muggiest day of the year, there are muggy conditions 4% of the time, while on October 7, the least muggy day of the year, there are muggy conditions 0% of the time. WindThis section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages. The average hourly wind speed at Leeuwarden Air Base is essentially constant during November, remaining within 0.2 miles per hour of 16.3 miles per hour throughout. For reference, on January 7, the windiest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 17.8 miles per hour, while on August 3, the calmest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 11.9 miles per hour. The hourly average wind direction at Leeuwarden Air Base throughout November is predominantly from the south, with a peak proportion of 36% on November 1. Water TemperatureLeeuwarden Air Base is located near a large body of water (e.g., ocean, sea, or large lake). This section reports on the wide-area average surface temperature of that water. The average surface water temperature at Leeuwarden Air Base is decreasing during November, falling by 6°F, from 53°F to 48°F, over the course of the month. Growing SeasonDefinitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere). The growing season at Leeuwarden Air Base typically lasts for 6.9 months (211 days), from around April 15 to around November 12, rarely starting before March 25 or after May 5, and rarely ending before October 19 or after December 7. During November at Leeuwarden Air Base, the chance that a given day is within the growing season is very rapidly decreasing falling from 72% to 16% over the course of the month. Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F. The average accumulated growing degree days at Leeuwarden Air Base are essentially constant during November, remaining within 9°F of 1,618°F throughout. Solar EnergyThis section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation. The average daily incident shortwave solar energy at Leeuwarden Air Base is gradually decreasing during November, falling by 0.6 kWh, from 1.3 kWh to 0.6 kWh, over the course of the month. TopographyFor the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Leeuwarden Air Base are 53.229 deg latitude, 5.761 deg longitude, and 0 ft elevation. The topography within 2 miles of Leeuwarden Air Base is essentially flat, with a maximum elevation change of 43 feet and an average elevation above sea level of -4 feet. Within 10 miles is also essentially flat (79 feet). Within 50 miles is essentially flat (295 feet). The area within 2 miles of Leeuwarden Air Base is covered by grassland (66%) and artificial surfaces (23%), within 10 miles by grassland (62%) and cropland (19%), and within 50 miles by water (54%) and grassland (22%). Data SourcesThis report illustrates the typical weather at Leeuwarden Air Base, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016. Temperature and Dew PointLeeuwarden Air Base has a weather station that reported reliably enough during the analysis period that we have included it in our network. When available, historical temperature and dew point measurements are taken directly from this weather station. These records are obtained from NOAA's Integrated Surface Hourly data set, falling back on ICAO METAR records as required. In the case of missing or erroneous measurements from this station, we fall back on records from nearby stations, adjusted according to typical seasonal and diurnal intra-station differences. For a given day of the year and hour of the day, the fallback station is selected to minimize the prediction error over the years for which there are measurements for both stations. The stations on which we may fall back include but are not limited to Awg-1, Lelystad Airport, Groningen Airport Eelde, Vlieland, L9-Ff-1, De Kooy, Deelen Air Base, and Soesterberg Air Base. Other DataAll data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus. All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid. Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database . Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com . Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors. DisclaimerThe information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site. We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands. We further caution that our travel scores are only as good as the data that underpin them, that weather conditions at any given location and time are unpredictable and variable, and that the definition of the scores reflects a particular set of preferences that may not agree with those of any particular reader. Please review our full terms contained on our Terms of Service page. |