October Weather at Cartwright, Nfld. CanadaDaily high temperatures decrease by 11°F, from 49°F to 38°F, rarely falling below 30°F or exceeding 60°F. Daily low temperatures decrease by 9°F, from 38°F to 30°F, rarely falling below 22°F or exceeding 45°F. For reference, on August 1, the hottest day of the year, temperatures at Cartwright, Nfld. typically range from 49°F to 65°F, while on January 30, the coldest day of the year, they range from -1°F to 14°F. The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the hourly average temperatures for the quarter of the year centered on October. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day. Chevak, Alaska, United States (3,583 miles away); Gudauri, Georgia (4,344 miles); and Sinegorsk, Russia (5,380 miles) are the far-away foreign places with temperatures most similar to Cartwright, Nfld. (view comparison). CloudsThe month of October at Cartwright, Nfld. experiences gradually increasing cloud cover, with the percentage of time that the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy increasing from 56% to 61%. The clearest day of the month is October 1, with clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy conditions 44% of the time. For reference, on March 7, the cloudiest day of the year, the chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 73%, while on August 23, the clearest day of the year, the chance of clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy skies is 46%. PrecipitationA wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. At Cartwright, Nfld., the chance of a wet day over the course of October is essentially constant, remaining around 35% throughout. For reference, the year's highest daily chance of a wet day is 43% on July 11, and its lowest chance is 27% on April 21. Over the course of October at Cartwright, Nfld., the chance of a day with only rain decreases from 34% to 23%, the chance of a day with mixed snow and rain increases from 1% to 7%, and the chance of a day with only snow increases from 0% to 3%. RainfallTo show variation within the month and not just the monthly total, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day. The average sliding 31-day rainfall during October at Cartwright, Nfld. is decreasing, starting the month at 3.2 inches, when it rarely exceeds 5.0 inches or falls below 1.6 inches, and ending the month at 2.6 inches, when it rarely exceeds 4.6 inches or falls below 0.9 inches. The highest average 31-day accumulation is 3.2 inches on October 2. SnowfallAs with rainfall, we consider the snowfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day. The average sliding 31-day snowfall during October at Cartwright, Nfld. is rapidly increasing, starting the month at 0.3 inches, when it rarely exceeds 1.1 inches, and ending the month at 5.1 inches, when it rarely exceeds 11.4 inches or falls below 0.2 inches. SunOver the course of October at Cartwright, Nfld., the length of the day is very rapidly decreasing. From the start to the end of the month, the length of the day decreases by 2 hours, 4 minutes, implying an average daily decrease of 4 minutes, 7 seconds, and weekly decrease of 28 minutes, 52 seconds. The shortest day of the month is October 31, with 9 hours, 29 minutes of daylight and the longest day is October 1, with 11 hours, 32 minutes of daylight. The earliest sunrise of the month at Cartwright, Nfld. is 6:50 AM on October 1 and the latest sunrise is 56 minutes later at 7:46 AM on October 31. The latest sunset is 6:23 PM on October 1 and the earliest sunset is 1 hour, 8 minutes earlier at 5:15 PM on October 31. Daylight saving time is observed at Cartwright, Nfld. during 2024, but it neither starts nor ends during October, so the entire month is in standard time. For reference, on June 20, the longest day of the year, the Sun rises at 4:17 AM and sets 17 hours, 5 minutes later, at 9:22 PM, while on December 21, the shortest day of the year, it rises at 8:03 AM and sets 7 hours, 26 minutes later, at 3:29 PM. The figure below presents a compact representation of the sun's elevation (the angle of the sun above the horizon) and azimuth (its compass bearing) for every hour of every day in the reporting period. The horizontal axis is the day of the year and the vertical axis is the hour of the day. For a given day and hour of that day, the background color indicates the azimuth of the sun at that moment. The black isolines are contours of constant solar elevation. MoonThe figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for October 2024. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases. The label associated with each bar indicates the date and time that the phase is obtained, and the companion time labels indicate the rise and set times of the Moon for the nearest time interval in which the moon is above the horizon.
HumidityWe base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night. The chance that a given day will be muggy at Cartwright, Nfld. is essentially constant during October, remaining around 0% throughout. For reference, on July 25, the muggiest day of the year, there are muggy conditions 0% of the time, while on January 1, the least muggy day of the year, there are muggy conditions 0% of the time. WindThis section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages. The average hourly wind speed at Cartwright, Nfld. is increasing during October, increasing from 8.4 miles per hour to 9.5 miles per hour over the course of the month. For reference, on December 22, the windiest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 11.3 miles per hour, while on July 28, the calmest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 6.2 miles per hour. The hourly average wind direction at Cartwright, Nfld. throughout October is predominantly from the west, with a peak proportion of 47% on October 31. Water TemperatureCartwright, Nfld. is located near a large body of water (e.g., ocean, sea, or large lake). This section reports on the wide-area average surface temperature of that water. The average surface water temperature at Cartwright, Nfld. is decreasing during October, falling by 5°F, from 42°F to 37°F, over the course of the month. Growing SeasonDefinitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere). The growing season at Cartwright, Nfld. typically lasts for 3.8 months (116 days), from around June 6 to around September 30, rarely starting before May 19 or after June 26, and rarely ending before September 11 or after October 18. The month of October at Cartwright, Nfld. is more likely than not fully outside of the growing season, with the chance that a given day is in the growing season rapidly decreasing from 48% to 1% over the course of the month. Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 50°F and a cap of 86°F. The average accumulated growing degree days at Cartwright, Nfld. are essentially constant during October, remaining within 5°F of 573°F throughout. Solar EnergyThis section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation. The average daily incident shortwave solar energy at Cartwright, Nfld. is decreasing during October, falling by 1.2 kWh, from 2.4 kWh to 1.3 kWh, over the course of the month. TopographyFor the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Cartwright, Nfld. are 53.685 deg latitude, -57.033 deg longitude, and 13 ft elevation. The topography within 2 miles of Cartwright, Nfld. contains significant variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 528 feet and an average elevation above sea level of 119 feet. Within 10 miles contains significant variations in elevation (823 feet). Within 50 miles contains very significant variations in elevation (2,339 feet). The area within 2 miles of Cartwright, Nfld. is covered by water (36%), trees (27%), and herbaceous vegetation (22%), within 10 miles by water (39%) and trees (29%), and within 50 miles by water (39%) and trees (32%). Data SourcesThis report illustrates the typical weather at Cartwright, Nfld., based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016. Temperature and Dew PointCartwright, Nfld. has a weather station that reported reliably enough during the analysis period that we have included it in our network. When available, historical temperature and dew point measurements are taken directly from this weather station. These records are obtained from NOAA's Integrated Surface Hourly data set, falling back on ICAO METAR records as required. In the case of missing or erroneous measurements from this station, we fall back on records from nearby stations, adjusted according to typical seasonal and diurnal intra-station differences. For a given day of the year and hour of the day, the fallback station is selected to minimize the prediction error over the years for which there are measurements for both stations. The stations on which we may fall back are Tukialik Bay, .; Mary's Harbour Airport; and Battle Harbour. Other DataAll data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus. All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid. Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database . Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com . Maps are © OpenStreetMap contributors. DisclaimerThe information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site. We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands. 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